Patient outcomes associated with cancer diagnosis through the emergency department: A systematic review.

Objective: Many patients are initially diagnosed with a new suspected cancer through the emergency department (ED). The objective of this systematic review was to compare stage of cancer and survival of patients diagnosed with cancer through the ED to patients diagnosed elsewhere.

Methods: Electronic searches of Medline and EMBASE were conducted and reference lists were hand-searched.

The utility of apparent diffusion coefficients for predicting treatment response to uterine arterial embolization for uterine leiomyomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, which are derived from diffusion-weighted imaging, have a potential role for predicting treatment response. A systematic review was conducted to examine the value of baseline ADC values for predicting leiomyoma size reduction after uterine arterial embolization (UAE).

Methods: Study selection, quality appraisal and data extraction were conducted independently by two authors.

Application of Syncope Guidelines in the Emergency Department Do Not Reduce Admission Rates: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Low-risk syncope accounts for a large proportion of hospital admissions; however, inpatient investigations are often not necessary and are rarely diagnostic. Reducing the number of low-risk syncope admissions can likely lower health care resource consumption and overall expenditure. Application of syncope guidelines by physicians in the emergency department provides a standardized approach that may potentially reduce admissions and lead to health care resource utilization savings.

AMPK activation of muscle autophagy prevents fasting-induced hypoglycemia and myopathy during aging.

The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activates autophagy, but its role in aging and fasting-induced muscle function has not been defined. Here we report that fasting mice lacking skeletal muscle AMPK (AMPK-MKO) results in hypoglycemia and hyperketosis. This is not due to defective fatty acid oxidation, but instead is related to a block in muscle proteolysis that leads to reduced circulating levels of alanine, an essential amino acid required for gluconeogenesis.