Gender Perception After Raising Vowel Fundamental and Formant Frequencies: Considerations for Oral Resonance Research.

Objectives: Voice feminization therapy for male-to-female transgender women typically targets increasing fundamental frequency (F). Increasing vowel formant frequencies (FFs) has also been proposed. To better understand formant conditions that shift listeners' perception of gender from male to "not-male," individual and combined vowel FFs were incrementally raised, whereas F was held constant at a gender-ambiguous level.

The Effect of Exercise on Respiratory Resistance in Athletes With and Without Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion Disorder.

Purpose: An investigational, portable instrument was used to assess inspiratory (R(i)) and expiratory (R(e)) resistances during resting tidal breathing (RTB), postexercise breathing (PEB), and recovery breathing (RB) in athletes with and without paradoxical vocal fold motion disorder (PVFMD).

Method: Prospective, controlled, repeated measures within-subject and between-groups design. Twenty-four teenage female athletes, 12 with and 12 without PVFMD, breathed into the Airflow Perturbation Device for baseline measures of respiratory resistance and for two successive 1-min trials after treadmill running for up to 12 min.

Nonspecific chronic cough and paradoxical vocal fold motion disorder in pediatric patients.

Paradoxical vocal fold motion disorder and nonspecific chronic cough are laryngeal disorders that are newly identified within the speech-language pathologist's scope of practice. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of these disorders and providing practical and evidenced-based treatment is the focus of this article. Defining the role of the speech-language pathologist in treating these low incidence yet quickly remediated disorders provides the pediatric or school-based speech-language pathologist a unique service delivery challenge.

Validity of a new respiratory resistance measurement device to detect glottal area change.

Objective: To determine the correlation between respiratory resistance (Rr) values measured with the Airflow Perturbation Device (APD) to laryngoscopic images of glottal area (GA) in feigned paradoxical vocal fold motion (PVFM), also known as vocal cord dysfunction.

Hypothesis: There is a strong inverse relationship between Rr and GA such that laryngeal constriction can be detected and quantified by APD-measured Rr.

Study Design: Prospective, single subject study.