Hyperacute And Chronic Changes In Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Images After Pvac, nmarq And Epicardial Thoracoscopic Surgical Ablation For Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation.

Threshold testing of cardiac rhythm devices is essential to monitoring the proper functioning of such devices (1). However, the currently method of applying multiple ECG leads to the patient is burdensome and time consuming (2). We are presenting a completely new way to perform cardiac rhythm device threshold testing using pulse oximetry.

Aortic valve calcification - a commonly observed but frequently ignored finding during CT scanning of the chest.

Aim: To describe the frequency and severity of Aortic valve calcification (AVC) in an unselected cohort of patients undergoing chest CT scanning and to assess the frequency with which AVC was being reported in the radiology reports.

Methods And Results: Consecutive CT scan images of the chest and the radiological reports (December 2009 to May 2010) were reviewed at the district general hospital (DGH). AVC on CT scan was visually graded on a scale ranging from 0 to IV (0 = no calcification, IV = severe calcification).

Horner's syndrome secondary to asymptomatic pneumothorax in an adolescent.

Horner's syndrome is uncommon in the paediatric population, but is seen more in infancy, and most cases are either congenital or related to birth trauma, head and neck tumours or thoracic surgery. We report an unusual cause of Horner's syndrome in a healthy adolescent boy secondary to a large, spontaneous, but asymptomatic, primary pneumothorax.

Scintimammography: a pictorial review of the variable normal, post surgical and pathological appearances.

Scintimammography has a high specificity and sensitivity for the detection of primary and metastatic breast carcinoma and in the evaluation of the postoperative breast. This review highlights the spectrum of pathological features as well as the normal postoperative and postreconstruction changes and the variable normal appearances that may be encountered with this technique.

Does intravenous glucagon improve common bile duct visualisation during magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography? Results in 42 patients.

Introduction: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) has been demonstrated as a reliable, non-invasive means of biliary tract imaging among patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. The aim of this study was to establish the impact of intravenous glucagon administration (IVGA) upon visualisation of the common bile duct (CBD) and ampulla of Vater during MRCP.

Materials And Methods: Forty-two consecutive, non-diabetic subjects with a working diagnosis of symptomatic choledocholithiasis were scanned, pre- and post-IVGA using the half-Fourier, single shot, turbo-spin-echo (HASTE) sequence.

The use of contrast-enhanced power Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis and follow-up of inflammatory abdominal masses associated with Crohn's disease.

1. Contrast-enhanced power Doppler ultrasound has a high sensitivity and specificity in the detection and evaluation of inflammatory abdominal masses associated with Crohn's disease. 2.

The role of imaging in the evaluation of parotid disease.

In this review the imaging features of a range of parotid lesions are presented and the roles of ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the assessment of parotid disease are discussed.

Pictorial review. Ultrasound of the testis.

Ultrasound examination is the primary imaging investigation used in initial evaluation of the symptomatic testis. In this review the ultrasound appearances of a range of testicular lesions are demonstrated. Particular attention is given to the subject of testicular microlithiasis and its link with germ-cell neoplasia, and also to the sonographic features of epidermoid cysts that may allow testis-sparing surgery.

Chemo-embolization of hepatic tumours.

Over the past decade, increasing use of chemo-embolization with chemotherapeutic agents emulsified in oil has been made in the treatment of both primary and metastatic liver tumours. These lesions are often not amenable to surgical resection and are not responsive to systemic chemotherapy. Chemo-embolization provides an additional therapeutic option which, in some instances, can provide significant benefit.

Transfemoral venous liver biopsy: common problems and complications.

Liver biopsy is still most commonly done via the percutaneous route; however, increasingly, transvascular venous liver biopsy has been used in patients with bleeding disorders. Although the jugular route is now generally favoured, a transfemoral route can be a useful alternative technique when the jugular route is not available. We describe the transfemoral technique and outline a number of commonly encountered problems and complications and suggested methods of addressing them.

Talocalcaneal coalition. Diagnosis with the C-sign on lateral radiographs of the ankle.

We analysed 42 weight-bearing lateral radiographs of the ankle, 20 of which were from patients with a clinical and plain radiological diagnosis of talocalcaneal coalition (TCC) who subsequently had CT. The remainder were from 22 healthy volunteers with no clinical findings suggestive of hindfoot pathology. Four observers, blinded to the CT findings, independently evaluated the radiographs on two separate occasions.

Monoarticular synovial lesions: radiologic pictorial essay with pathologic illustration.

A wide variety of common focal monoarticular synovial lesions may be encountered on imaging studies. A multi-modality approach to these lesions, with appreciation of the differing appearances, can often yield the correct diagnosis. This pictorial essay demonstrates and describes the imaging with illustration of pathologic findings in a spectrum of conditions.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of soft tissue imaging with emphasis on MRI.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in adults. This pictorial essay describes and illustrates the clinical, pathologic, and radiologic features of MFH. The cross-sectional imaging features on CT and MRI are emphasized in relation to the diagnosis and staging of MFH.

Three-dimensional CT measurement of adult acetabular dysplasia: technique, preliminary results in normal subjects, and potential applications.

Objective: To assess a three-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT) technique for measurement of acetabular coverage in adults.

Design: We used 3DCT to define the geometric centre of the femoral head and to measure centre-edge angles (CEAs) at 10 degrees rotational increments around the acetabular rim. The means, ranges, standard deviations and 95% confidence intervals for the CEAs at the various rotational increments were determined.

The MRI appearance of the optic nerve sheath following fenestration for benign intracranial hypertension.

Optic nerve fenestration is carried out in cases of severe benign intracranial hypertension. This study aimed to monitor the optic nerve sheath appearances and orbital changes that occur following this procedure. The eight patients were all female with an average age of 37.

Pictorial review: giant cell tumours of bone.

Giant cell tumour of bone is a relatively common neoplasm with limited potential for metastatic spread. These tumours usually occur at the ends of bones with their epicentre in the epiphysis. This essay will review the various common and some of the less frequently encountered manifestations of giant cell tumours at multiple different sites, as well as postoperative recurrence.