Exploring sesquiterpene lactones: structural diversity and antiviral therapeutic insights.

Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are a structurally diverse group of secondary metabolites primarily produced by plants, particularly within the Asteraceae family. These compounds play significant roles in plant defense and have been extensively studied for their wide range of biological activities, including antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. This review focuses on the biosynthesis, structure-activity relationships, and biological activities of sesquiterpene lactones, with an emphasis on their antiviral potential.

Attitude to RSV Vaccination Among a Cohort of Pregnant Women in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Background And Aims: The recently approved maternal vaccination against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can reduce its burden among infants. However, vaccine hesitancy/resistance can undermine the beneficial impact of RSV vaccination. The aim of this study was to assess the willingness of pregnant women in Jordan to receive RSV vaccination and its associated determinants.

Effects of cold-pressed wheat germ oil and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, digestibility, immune status, intestinal microbial enumeration, and gene expression of broilers under heat stress.

This study evaluated the effect of wheat germ oil (WGO), Bacillus subtilis, and their combination on growth performance, immune response, nutrient digestibility, intestinal microbial, oxidative status, and gene expression in heat-stressed broilers. Four hundred one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were distributed into five pens (20 birds/pen) in four experimental groups: a control (CON) without additives, WGO group fed diet with WGO at 200 mg.kg, BS group fed diet with B.

CD44-targeted hyaluronic acid coated imiquimod lipid nanocapsules foster the efficacy against skin cancer: Attempt to conquer unfavorable side effects.

This study was executed to mitigate imiquimod (IMQ)-side effects and promote its anticancer potential against skin cancer via encapsulation in hyaluronic acid-coated lipid nanocapsules (HA-LNCs) for targeted topical delivery. The LNCs were prepared using the phase inversion technique. Optimized LNCs formulation was gained following 2 factorial design experiment to adjust the IMQ and CTAB concentrations.

Commencement of Atorvastatin and Ezetimibe Immediately in Patients Presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Lipids are implicated in the development of coronary atherosclerosis. Achieving a significant reduction in lipid levels remains a crucial aspect of secondary prevention following an acute coronary syndrome event. Novel lipid-lowering therapies now provide clinicians with a variety of therapeutic strategies to choose from and tailor to individual patient needs.

Forming national identity with televised cultural rituals: a critical discourse analysis of China's program.

Studies on media and national identity emphasize the need for a comprehensive and culturally sensitive approach to understanding the complex relationship between media and identity. This study used critical discourse analysis to examine the depiction of cultural rituals in the program and its role in forming and reinforcing national identity in China. The program, broadcast on China Central Television, showcases three traditional Chinese cultural rituals: ancestor worship, agricultural rites, and spring outings.

Apical integrins as a switchable target to regulate the epithelial barrier.

Tight junctions regulate epithelial barrier function and have been shown to be influenced by multiple classes of proteins. Apical integrins have been identified as potential regulators of epithelial barrier function; however, only indirect approaches have been used to measure integrin regulation of the epithelial barrier. Here, we used polymeric nanowires conjugated with anti-integrin β1 antibodies to specifically target apically localized integrins in either their closed or open conformation.

Morphological and Prognostic Values of Skin Lesions in Patients with COVID-19.

The dermatological manifestations of the coronavirus cause severe acute respiratory syndrome. The current study investigates the morphological and histopathological relationship between the emergence of skin lesions and the severity of COVID-19 across the course of the disease via a cross-sectional study. There were skin lesions (maculopapular rash, vesiculobullous lesions, urticarial lesions, cutaneous thromboembolic "CT," and erythema multiforme-like lesions "EM-like") in confirmed COVID-19 instances.

Oregano essential oil and Bacillus subtilis role in enhancing broiler's growth, stress indicators, intestinal integrity, and gene expression under high stocking density.

This study investigates the role of dietary Bacillus subtilis and oregano essential oil in mitigating the effects of high stocking density on growth performance, carcass traits, physiological stress indicators, gene expression, and intestinal integrity in broiler chickens. A total of, 1250 one-day-old Ross 308 male broiler chicks were randomly allocated to five experimental groups, where each group had five replicates of 50 chicks. Group 1 (control, LSD): 15 chicks/m fed a basal diet without feed additive, group 2 (HSD): 20 chicks/m fed a basal diet without feed additive, group 3 (BHSD): 20 chicks/m fed a basal diet supplemented with B.

Comparisons of longitudinal radiographic measures of keel bones, tibiotarsal bones, and pelvic bones versus post-mortem measures of keel bone damage in Bovans Brown laying hens housed in an aviary system.

Keel bone damage, include deviations and fractures, is common in both white and brown laying hens, regardless of the housing system. Radiography for assessing birds' keel bones is was proposed by previous studies. However, radiographs show only 2 out of 3 dimensions of the dissected keel bones.

Successful emergency renal auto-transplantation in a child with renovascular disease.

Renal artery occlusion is a rare but potentially catastrophic complication of paediatric endovascular renal artery intervention. Emergency auto-transplantation may be required to salvage the kidney; to date this has only been described in adults. We report our experience of performing emergency kidney auto-transplantation following acute renal artery thrombosis in a child undergoing redo renal artery angioplasty A 20-month-old boy presented with refractory hypertension and hypertensive cardiomyopathy secondary to multifocal fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) with a single functioning kidney.

Human versus Artificial Intelligence: ChatGPT-4 Outperforming Bing, Bard, ChatGPT-3.5 and Humans in Clinical Chemistry Multiple-Choice Questions.

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots excel in language understanding and generation. These models can transform healthcare education and practice. However, it is important to assess the performance of such AI models in various topics to highlight its strengths and possible limitations.

The Worrying Phenomenon of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Its Negative Impact on Pandemic Control Efforts: Common Themes that Emerged in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region.

Since the declaration of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic, intensive measures were taken to mitigate its negative health, psychological, social, and economic impact. COVID-19 continues to pose serious threats globally, with vaccination as the central safe strategy to control the pandemic. However, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is a major concern, especially in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA).

Bibliometric top ten healthcare-related ChatGPT publications in the first ChatGPT anniversary.

Since its public release on November 30, 2022, ChatGPT has shown promising potential in diverse healthcare applications despite ethical challenges, privacy issues, and possible biases. The aim of this study was to identify and assess the most influential publications in the field of ChatGPT utility in healthcare using bibliometric analysis. The study employed an advanced search on three databases, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, to identify ChatGPT-related records in healthcare education, research, and practice between November 27 and 30, 2023.

TikTok content on measles-rubella vaccine in Jordan: A cross-sectional study highlighting the spread of vaccine misinformation.

Social media platforms, including TikTok, have become influential sources of health information. However, they also present as potential sources for the spread of vaccine misinformation. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of measles-rubella (MR) vaccine-related contents on TikTok in Jordan and to analyze factors associated with vaccine misinformation.

The performance of OpenAI ChatGPT-4 and Google Gemini in virology multiple-choice questions: a comparative analysis of English and Arabic responses.

Objective: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare education is inevitable. Understanding the proficiency of generative AI in different languages to answer complex questions is crucial for educational purposes. The study objective was to compare the performance ChatGPT-4 and Gemini in answering Virology multiple-choice questions (MCQs) in English and Arabic, while assessing the quality of the generated content.

An Increase in the Prevalence of Clinically Relevant Resistance-Associated Substitutions in Four Direct-Acting Antiviral Regimens: A Study Using GenBank HCV Sequences.

Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) revolutionized the therapeutics of chronic hepatitis C. The emergence and transmission of HCV variants with resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) can undermine HCV treatment. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and temporal trends of RASs in HCV, with a particular focus on clinically relevant RASs (cr-RASs).

Autonomous navigation and control of magnetic microcarriers using potential field algorithm and adaptive non-linear PID.

Microparticles are increasingly employed as drug carriers inside the human body. To avoid collision with environment, they reach their destination following a predefined trajectory. However, due to the various disturbances, tracking control of microparticles is still a challenge.

Attitude towards cholera vaccination and its related factors in Jordan amid the 2022 Middle East outbreak.

Background: An outbreak of cholera was reported in the Middle East by the second half of 2022. Raising public awareness and vaccination against cholera represent critical factors in the preventive efforts. The current study aimed to assess the knowledge of cholera and attitude towards its vaccination among a sample of the general public residing in Jordan.

Enhanced event-based surveillance: Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources (EIOS) during FIFA World Cup 2022 Qatar.

Background: Public health threats can significantly impact mass gatherings and enhancing surveillance systems would thus be crucial. Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources (EIOS) was introduced to Qatar to complement the existing surveillance measures in preparation to the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 (FWC22). This study estimated the empirical probability of EIOS detecting signals of public health relevance.

Language discrepancies in the performance of generative artificial intelligence models: an examination of infectious disease queries in English and Arabic.

Background: Assessment of artificial intelligence (AI)-based models across languages is crucial to ensure equitable access and accuracy of information in multilingual contexts. This study aimed to compare AI model efficiency in English and Arabic for infectious disease queries.

Methods: The study employed the METRICS checklist for the design and reporting of AI-based studies in healthcare.

Prevalence and Regional Distribution of Beta-Hemoglobin Variants in Saudi Arabia: Insights from the National Premarital Screening Program".

Background: Hemoglobinopathies are among the most prevalent inherited disorders globally, with carrier prevalence varying significantly across regions. In Saudi Arabia, high rates of consanguineous marriages amplify the risk of these disorders.

Aim: This study aims to assess the burden of hemoglobinopathies by evaluating the prevalence and regional distribution of beta-hemoglobin variants, including rare variants, among couples participating in the national premarital screening program.

Towards a Wearable Feminine Hygiene Platform for Detection of Invasive Fungal Pathogens via Gold Nanoparticle Aggregation.

is an opportunistic fungus that becomes pathogenic and problematic under certain biological conditions. may cause painful and uncomfortable symptoms, as well as deaths in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, early detection of is essential.