Effect of Posterior Corneal Surgically Induced Astigmatism on Toric Intraocular Lens Power Calculations.

Background: To determine whether accounting for posterior corneal surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) would improve toric intraocular lens power calculation prediction error.

Methods: A total of 189 eyes of 148 patients undergoing routine cataract surgery were included in the study. Standard and posterior keratometry were measured pre- and postoperatively.

Adherence to diabetic retinopathy screening among children and young adults in Bangladesh.

Background: Effective diabetic retinopathy screening (DRS) programmes are important in preventing vision impairment and blindness caused by diabetes. This study focuses on identifying the factors affecting attendance or non-adherence to DRS among children and young adults with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Bangladesh.

Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used, which included patients diagnosed with DM aged 12-26 years from Bangladesh who were registered at BIRDEM Women and Children hospital in Dhaka.

A Multi Comparison of 8 Different Intraocular Lens Biometry Formulae, Including a Machine Learning Thin Lens Formula (MM) and an Inbuilt Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Ray Tracing Formula.

A comparison of the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulae, including SRK/T, HofferQ, Holladay 1, Haigis, MM, Barrett Universal II (BUII), Emmetropia Verifying Optical (EVO), and AS-OCT ray tracing, was performed. One hundred eyes implanted with either the Rayone EMV RAO200E (Rayner Intraocular Lenses Limited, Worthing, UK) or the Artis Symbiose (Cristalens Industrie, Lannion, France) IOL were included. Biometry was obtained using IOLMaster 700 (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany) and MS-39 AS-OCT (CSO, Firenze, Italy).

Immediate sequential changes in the tear film lipid layer following eyelid massage in dry eye syndrome: A comparative control study.

Background/purpose: Meibomian glands are sebaceous glands that release meibum onto the ocular surface; enhancing the quality and quantity of meibum secretions has been proven to improve signs and symptoms of evaporative dry eye (EDE) and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of a heated eye mask (HEM) and eyelid massage device EyePeace (EP) in alleviating signs and symptoms of evaporative dry eye.

Methods: Forty dry eye participants were recruited in a prospective, contralateral-eye trial study.

Validity of OSDI-6 questionnaire in a Chinese adult population.

This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the Chinese translation version of OSDI-6 (C-OSDI-6) using a virtual set-up questionnaire for dry eye disease. A total of 270 participants (136 males, 50.4% and 134 females, 49.

Accuracy of Toric Intraocular Lens Formulas With Measured Posterior Corneal Astigmatism of Different Orientations.

Purpose: To assess whether the use of measured posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA) values improves the prediction accuracy of toric intraocular lens power formulas, compared to predicted PCA values, when the orientation of the steep axis of PCA is non-vertical.

Design: Retrospective observational cohort study.

Methods: Four hundred eighteen eyes of 344 patients were included in the study.

Effects of Diquafosol Sodium Ophthalmic Solution on Tear Film Matrix Metallopeptidase-9 and Corneal Nerve Density in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Dry Eye.

Diabetes mellitus has been associated with increased dry eye disease (DED) and exacerbates DED's pathology. This preliminary short-term study aimed to evaluate the effects of 3% Diquafosol Sodium ophthalmic solution (DQS) on ocular surface inflammation and corneal nerve density in diabetic dry eye (DDE) patients. In this perspective, participants used 1 drop of 3% DQS (Diquas; Santen Pharmaceutical Co.

A protocol for a single center, randomized, controlled trial comparing the clinical efficacy of 3% diquafosol and 0.1% hyaluronic acid in diabetic patients with dry eye disease.

Background: The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to rise and 70% of diabetic individuals have dry eye disease (DED) that leads to subsequent abnormalities of the corneal epithelium, corneal nerves, tear film, or corneal endothelium. In addition, persons with diabetes produce fewer tear secretions than healthy individuals. While several anti-inflammatory drug-based therapies for dry eye in diabetic individuals are currently being administered, their efficacy has not been studied in detail.

Protocol for a parallel assignment prospective, randomised, comparative trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) combined with 3% diquafosol (DQS) ophthalmic solution in dry eye syndrome.

Introduction: Evaporative dry eye (EDE) is common and can lead to ocular pain, decreased visual quality and reduced quality of life. Intense pulsed light (IPL) and 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution have been found to be beneficial in reducing signs and symptoms of dry eye.

Methods And Analysis: A randomised clinical trial will be performed at He Eye Specialist Hospital in Shenyang.

The Combined Impact of Intense Pulsed Light Combined and 3% Diquafosol Ophthalmic Solution on Evaporative Dry Eye: A Randomized Control Study.

Introduction: The primary objective of this study is to assess whether the combination of intense pulsed light (IPL) with 3% diquafosol (DQS) ophthalmic solution is more effective than intense pulsed light in alleviating signs and symptoms of dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: This randomized study included 66 participants with evaporative dry eye (EDE) who received IPL + DQS therapy (n = 44 eyes), IPL therapy (n = 44 eyes), or sham therapy (n = 44 eyes). All participants were examined at baseline (D0), day 14 (D14), and day 28 (D28) for non-invasive break-up time (NITBUT), tear-film lipid layer (TFLL), corneal conjunctival staining (CS), meibomian gland quality (MGQ), meibomian gland expression (MGEx), and ocular surface disease index (OSDI).

Tear Film Lipid Layer Changes Following Combined Effect of Heated Eye Mask with Intense Pulsed Light Therapy for Evaporative Dry Eye: A Randomized Control Study.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex ocular surface inflammatory disorder with a multifactorial etiology. Therapies such as intense pulsed light (IPL) and heated eye mask (HEM) have been reported to improve the tear film lipid layer (TFLL) and signs and symptoms of DED. This randomized study aimed to compare the effects of IPL combined with HEM (IPL+HEM) group, IPL group, and control group in participants with evaporative DED.

Managing Severe Evaporative Dry Eye with Intense Pulsed Light Therapy.

Introduction: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy in participants with severe evaporative dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: This randomized, controlled, single-center study included 49 adult participants (≥ 18 years) with severe evaporative DED who received either IPL therapy (n = 56 eyes) or sham therapy (n = 42 eyes) three times. The primary efficacy parameters were ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score, non-invasive tear breakup time (NITBUT), tear film lipid layer (TFLL), conjunctivocorneal staining score (CS), MG Score, meibomian gland (MG) quality, and MG expression score.

Assessing the protective effect of cutoff walls on groundwater pumping against saltwater upconing in coastal aquifers.

Subsurface physical barriers are amongst the most effective methods to mitigate seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers. The main objective of this study was to examine the impact of cutoff walls on saltwater upconing using laboratory and numerical modelling experiments. Physical experiments were first completed to reproduce the saltwater upconing process in a laboratory-scale coastal aquifer model incorporating an impermeable cutoff wall.

Impact of Diquafosol Ophthalmic Solution on Tear Film and Dry Eye Symptom in Type 2 Diabetic Dry Eye: A Pilot Study.

Diquafosol ophthalmic solution (DQS) stimulates P2Y2 receptors on the ocular surface, which enhances mucin secretion from goblet cells. Therefore, tear film stability and hydration of the ocular surface can be achieved independent from lacrimal gland function. This prospective, open-label pilot study included 60 eyes of 30 diabetic patients diagnosed with dry eye disease (DED) and were randomly assigned to either DQS ( = 30 eyes) or hyaluronate (HA) group ( = 30 eyes).

An ensemble-based approach for estimating personalized intraocular lens power.

The fundamental difference between modern formulae for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation lies on the single ad hoc regression model they use to estimate the effective lens position (ELP). The ELP is very difficult to predict and its estimation is considered critical for an accurate prediction of the required IOL power of the lens to be implanted during cataract surgery. Hence, more advanced prediction techniques, which improve the prediction accuracy of the ELP, could play a decisive role in improving patient refractive outcomes.

The Efficacy and Safety of YAG Laser Vitreolysis for Symptomatic Vitreous Floaters of Complete PVD or Non-PVD.

Introduction: To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of YAG laser vitreolysis in treating symptomatic vitreous floaters of complete posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and non-PVD.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 51 eyes with symptomatic floaters were treated with YAG laser vitreolysis. Participants were divided into complete PVD and non-PVD groups.

Visual outcomes and patient satisfaction 1 and 12 months after combined implantation of extended depth of focus and trifocal intraocular lenses.

Purpose: To assess the 1-month and 12-month postoperative visual performance and subjective outcomes following combined implantation of an extended depth of focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL) and a trifocal IOL.

Methods: The study enrolled consecutive patients undergoing refractive lens extraction or cataract surgery with combined implantation of an EDOF IOL (dominant eye) and trifocal IOL. Uncorrected (UDVA) and best-corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, uncorrected intermediate (UIVA) and near (UNVA) visual acuities, and subjective questionnaires were evaluated 1 month and 12 months postoperatively.

Comparative Analysis of Paper-Based and Web-Based Versions of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network-Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer Symptom Index (NFBSI-16) Questionnaire in Breast Cancer Patients: Randomized Crossover Study.

Background: Breast cancer remains the most common neoplasm diagnosed among women in China and globally. Health-related questionnaire assessments in research and clinical oncology settings have gained prominence. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network-Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer Symptom Index (NFBSI-16) is a rapid and powerful tool to help evaluate disease- or treatment-related symptoms, both physical and emotional, in patients with breast cancer for clinical and research purposes.

Combinations of factors contribute to young driver crashes.

Introduction: Motor-vehicle crashes are a leading cause of death in adolescence and young adults. A multitude of factors, including skill level, inexperience, and risk taking behaviors are associated with young drivers' crashes. This research investigated whether combinations of factors underlie crashes involving young drivers.

Visual Outcomes and Subjective Experience After Combined Implantation of Extended Depth of Focus and Trifocal IOLs.

Purpose: To evaluate postoperative visual performance and patient-reported outcomes following combined implantation of an extended depth of focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL) and a trifocal IOL.

Methods: The study enrolled consecutive patients undergoing refractive lens extraction or cataract surgery with combined implantation of an EDOF IOL (dominant eye) and a trifocal IOL in the nondominant eye. Uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, uncorrected intermediate (UIVA) and near (UNVA) visual acuities, defocus curves, and subjective questionnaires were evaluated 1 month postoperatively.

Crash risk by driver age, gender, and time of day using a new exposure methodology.

Introduction: Concerns have been raised that the nonlinear relation between crashes and travel exposure invalidates the conventional use of crash rates to control for exposure. A new metric of exposure that bears a linear association to crashes was used as basis for calculating unbiased crash risks. This study compared the two methods - conventional crash rates and new adjusted crash risk - for assessing the effect of driver age, gender, and time of day on the risk of crash involvement and crash fatality.

An alternative application of Rasch analysis to assess data from ophthalmic patient-reported outcome instruments.

Purpose: To highlight the potential shortcomings associated with the current use Rasch analysis for validation of ophthalmic questionnaires, and to present an alternative application of Rasch analysis to derive insights specific to the cohort of patients under investigation.

Methods: An alternative application of Rasch analysis was used to investigate the quality of vision (QoV) for a cohort of 481 patients. Patients received multifocal intraocular lenses and completed a QoV questionnaire one and twelve months post-operatively.

Investigating the impact of preoperative corneal astigmatism orientation on the postoperative spherical equivalent refraction following intraocular lens implantation.

Background: To investigate the impact of the orientation of preoperative corneal astigmatism on achieving the postoperative target refraction following monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

Methods: This study enrolled 339 eyes who had uneventful cataract surgery or refractive lens exchange (RLE) with subsequent monofocal IOL implantation. Eyes were initially categorized dependent upon axial length and then on the orientation of preoperative anterior corneal astigmatism.