Antimicrobial peptide LL37 is potent against non-growing cells despite a slower action rate.

Unlabelled: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have long been considered as potential agents against non-growing, dormant cells due to their membrane-targeted action, which is largely independent of the cell's growth state. However, the relationship between the action of AMPs and the physiological state of their target cells has been unclear, with recent reports offering conflicting views on the efficacy of AMPs against bacteria in a stationary phase. In this study, we employ single-cell approaches combined with population-level experiments to examine the action of human LL37 peptides against cells in different growth phases.

Calcitriol modulate post-ischemic TLR signaling pathway in ischemic stroke patients.

Background: Neuroinflammation is a significant contributor to post-ischemic neuronal death after stroke, and Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) are one of the essential mediators in many inflammatory pathways. TLRs activate the nuclear factor kappa β (NF-kβ), which promotes the expression of various pro-inflammatory genes such as interleukin (IL-1β) and IL-6. 1,25(OH)2D3, also known as calcitriol, is an active form of vitamin D3 that acts as a neurosteroid compound with anti-inflammatory properties.

Can Berberine Serve as a New Therapy for Parkinson's Disease?

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neurodegeneration and deposition of alpha-synuclein. Mechanisms associated with PD etiology include oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and abnormalities in neurotransmission, to name a few. Drugs used to treat PD have shown significant limitations in their efficacy.

Heterogeneous absorption of antimicrobial peptide LL37 in cells enhances population survivability.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are broad spectrum antibiotics that selectively target bacteria. Here we investigate the activity of human AMP LL37 against by integrating quantitative, population and single-cell level experiments with theoretical modeling. We observe an unexpected, rapid absorption and retention of a large number of LL37 peptides by cells upon the inhibition of their growth, which increases population survivability.

Identification of two novel antioxidant peptides from edible bird's nest (Aerodramus fuciphagus) protein hydrolysates.

Edible bird's nest (EBN) is widely consumed as a delicacy and traditional medicine amongst the Chinese. In the present study, for the first time, the antioxidant properties of an EBN pepsin-trypsin hydrolysate of the swiftlet species Aerodramus fuciphagus and its ultrafiltration fractions were investigated. Thirteen peptides with molecular weights between 514.

Structure Prediction of a Novel Exo-β-1,3-Glucanase: Insights into the Cold Adaptation of Psychrophilic Yeast Glaciozyma antarctica PI12.

We report a detailed structural analysis of the psychrophilic exo-β-1,3-glucanase (GaExg55) from Glaciozyma antarctica PI12. This study elucidates the structural basis of exo-1,3-β-1,3-glucanase from this psychrophilic yeast. The structural prediction of GaExg55 remains a challenge because of its low sequence identity (37 %).