Terahertz Spin-to-Charge Conversion in Strontium Iridate-Based Magnetic Heterostructures.

Oxide interfaces have enormous potential for future electronics with many applications, such as large spin Hall conductance, phase transitions, topological states, and superconductivity. However, previous investigations have predominantly focused on gigahertz frequencies; whilst the possibilities to fabricate devices operational at terahertz frequencies are demonstrated. A model solution is proposed employing 5d rare-earth, strontium iridate (SrIrO) heterostructure with cobalt (Co) ultrathin layers.

Coupling In silico and In vitro Mechanistic Models to Define Vitamin D3 Immunomodulation of IL-12 and Nitric Oxide in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection.

Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is a highly infectious disease mainly affecting the lungs. Macrophages are key phagocytic immune cells and the preferred hosts for intracellular bacteria growth. Macrophages are also important sites of vitamin D3 synthesis, with vitamin D3 deficiency associated with increased risk of developing active TB.

Consensus statement on the surgical management of vitiligo.

Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder characterized by the loss of melanocytes, leading to depigmented patches on the skin. The global lifetime prevalence of vitiligo diagnosed by a physician or dermatologist was estimated at 0•36% in the general population, 0•67% in the adult population adults, and 0•24% in the child population. Vitiligo prevalence was higher in adults than in children across all regions.

Customized short punches for mini punch grafting in vitiligo.

Vitiligo, a chronic skin disorder characterized by depigmented patches, often presents challenges in management due to the unpredictable nature of repigmentation. Mini punch grafting, a surgical technique, is a widely accepted treatment for stable vitiligo. This article focuses on the innovative use of customized short punches in mini punch grafting.

Experimental and computational insights into CuS-Mg composites for high-performance p-type transparent conducting materials.

Achieving fully transparent electronic devices requires improving p-type transparent conducting materials (TCMs) to match their n-type counterparts. This study explores novel p-type TCMs using high-throughput screening an automatic spray pyrolysis system. The performance of conducting wide bandgap chalcogenide based on CuS can be improved by incorporating various cations, with Mg emerging as the most promising candidate.

Functionalized sp Carbon-Conjugated Covalent Organic Frameworks for Interfacial Modulation of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Interfacial modulation utilizing functional materials is proven to be crucial for obtaining high photovoltaic performance in lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This study investigates, for the first time, the utilization of a pyrene-based sp carbon-conjugated covalent organic framework (spc-COF) as an interfacial layer in inverted PSCs. Functionalized with cyano (-CN) Lewis base groups, the spc-COF exhibits a dual effect, simultaneously passivating both the NiO and the perovskite layers.

Cefepime Induced Neurotoxicity in Patients With or Without a History of Seizures: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study.

Cefepime is used for the treatment of nosocomial infections and serves as a carbapenem-sparing agent for treating AmpC inducible bacteria. Cefepime induced neurotoxicity (CIN) is a well-documented adverse effect, although data describing the risk of CIN in patients with a history of seizures (HOS) remains limited. The primary and secondary objectives were to compare the rates of CIN in patients with and without HOS and identify risk factors associated with CIN, respectively.

Understanding the Mechanisms of Methylammonium-Induced Thermal Instability in Mixed-FAMA Perovskites.

Despite a recent shift toward methylammonium (MA)-free lead-halide perovskites for perovskite solar cells, high-efficiency formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI) devices still often require methylammonium chloride (MACl) as an additive, which evaporates away during the annealing process. In this article, it is shown that the residual MA, however, triggers thermal instability. To investigate the possibility of an optimal concentration of MA that may improve thermal stability, the intrinsic thermal stability of pure FA, FA-rich, MA-rich, and pure MA perovskite films (FAMAPbI, FAMA) is studied.

Electrodeposition of Nonprecious Metal Copper Nanocatalysts on Low-Dimensional Support Materials for Nitrate Reduction Reactions.

Supported nonprecious metal catalysts such as copper (Cu) are promising replacements for Pt-based catalysts for a wide range of energy-related electrochemical reactions. Direct electrochemical deposition is one of the most straightforward and versatile methods to synthesize supported nonprecious metal catalysts. However, further advancement in the design of supported nonprecious metal catalysts requires a detailed mechanistic understanding of the interplay between kinetics and thermodynamics of the deposition phenomena under realistic reaction conditions.

Factors impacting the adoption of big data in healthcare: A systematic literature review.

Background: The term "big data" refers to the vast volume, variety, and velocity of data generated from various sources-e.g., sensors, social media, and online platforms.

Elucidation of the synergistic effects of 3d metal (M = Cu, Co, and Ni) dopants and terminations (T = -O- and -OH) of TiCT MXenes for urea adsorption ability DFT calculations and experiments.

Dialysis is an artificial process to remove excess urea toxins from the body through adsorption or conversion. Urea adsorption by emergent 2D materials such as MXenes is one probable approach. Based on density functional theory (DFT) studies, the surface of TiCT (T = -O- and -OH) MXenes is not optimum for urea adsorption.

Flexible Wet-Spun PEDOT:PSS Microfibers Integrating Thermal-Sensing and Joule Heating Functions for Smart Textiles.

Multifunctional fiber materials play a key role in the field of smart textiles. Temperature sensing and active thermal management are two important functions of smart fabrics, but few studies have combined both functions in a single fiber material. In this work, we demonstrate a temperature-sensing and in situ heating functionalized conductive polymer microfiber by exploiting its high electrical conductivity and thermoelectric properties.

Unveiling Charge-Transfer Dynamics at Singlet Fission Layer/Hybrid Perovskite Interface.

Singlet fission (SF) materials have been applied in various types of solar cells to pursue higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) beyond the Shockley-Queisser (SQ) limit. SF implementation in perovskite solar cells has not been successfully realized yet due to the insufficient understanding of the SF/perovskite heterojunctions. In this work, we attempt to elucidate the charge dynamics of an SF/perovskite system by incorporating a well-known SF molecule, TIPS-pentacene, and a triple-cation perovskite Cs(FAMA)PbIBr, owing to their well-matched energy structures.

High-Performance Semi-Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells with over 22% Visible Transparency: Pushing the Limit through MXene Interface Engineering.

Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells (ST-PSCs) have attracted enormous attention recently due to their potential in building-integrated photovoltaic. To obtain adequate average visible transmittance (AVT), a thin perovskite is commonly employed in ST-PSCs. While the thinner perovskite layer has higher transparency, its light absorption efficiency is reduced, and the device shows lower power conversion efficiency (PCE).

Effect of Air Exposure on Electron-Beam-Induced Degradation of Perovskite Films.

Organic-inorganic halide perovskites are interesting candidates for solar cell and optoelectronic applications owing to their advantageous properties such as a tunable band gap, low material cost, and high charge carrier mobilities. Despite making significant progress, concerns about material stability continue to impede the commercialization of perovskite-based technology. In this article, we investigate the impact of environmental parameters on the alteration of structural properties of MAPbI (CHNHPbI) thin films using microscopy techniques.

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Stenting for the Treatment of Myocardial Muscle Bridges: A Consecutive Case Series.

Background: Myocardial muscle bridging is not uncommon; it is usually asymptomatic and on occasion can be associated with angina or even acute coronary syndrome. Traditionally, percutaneous intervention is not advocated and medical management or cardiac surgery, with unroofing of the bridge, is advised if troublesome symptoms occur.

Objective: To describe the experience and outcome of percutaneous intervention and stenting of symptomatic myocardial muscle bridges.

Molecular Locking with All-Organic Surface Modifiers Enables Stable and Efficient Slot-Die-Coated Methyl-Ammonium-Free Perovskite Solar Modules.

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the state-of-the-art large-area slot-die-coated perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is now over 19%, but issues with their stability persist owing to significant intrinsic point defects and a mass of surface imperfections introduced during the fabrication process. Herein, the utilization of a hydrophobic all-organic salt is reported to modify the top surface of large-area slot-die-coated methylammonium (MA)-free halide perovskite layers. Bearing two molecules, each of which is endowed with anchoring groups capable of exhibiting secondary interactions with the perovskite surfaces, the organic salt acts as a molecular lock by effectively binding to both anion and cation vacancies, substantially enhancing the materials' intrinsic stability against different stimuli.

A universal interface for plug-and-play assembly of stretchable devices.

Stretchable hybrid devices have enabled high-fidelity implantable and on-skin monitoring of physiological signals. These devices typically contain soft modules that match the mechanical requirements in humans and soft robots, rigid modules containing Si-based microelectronics and protective encapsulation modules. To make such a system mechanically compliant, the interconnects between the modules need to tolerate stress concentration that may limit their stretching and ultimately cause debonding failure.

Microbial perils of the tropics: A case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an immigrant from South America.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an important cause of nonhealing lesions in those recently immigrated to the United States from endemic areas. The lesions can present with various characteristics such as ulcerations, macules, or papules, and may be painful or painless. Several diagnostic modalities, including polymerase chain reaction testing, should be performed to identify the causative species which is important in determining appropriate treatment.