Selective Apical Convex Rod Derotation: A Fast and Secure Technique for the Correction of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis-A Case Series of 38 Patients.

Background And Objectives: We present a novel technique of selective apical convex rod derotation as an effective and safe maneuver for the correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and give the clinical results of our patients. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the three-dimensional deformity of the spine of more than 10° affecting children from 10 to 18 years. The gold standard for the correction of larger curves is posterior fusion.

Finite Element Analysis of Bilateral Double Rod Constructs in Thoracolumbar Fractures.

Aim: To evaluate bilateral double rod contructs in thoracolumbar fractures in a Finite Element model MATERIAL and METHODS: A computed tomography of a 35-year old male have been chosen to create a vertebra model and 1/3 of the T12 was removed to create the burst fracture model. In model A, transpedicular polyaxial screws were inserted two levels above and two levels below the burst fracture. On each side the screws were connected with a single rod.

The Necessity of Extensive Decompression for Spinal Epidural Hematoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Spinal epidural hematomas (SEHs)are space-occupying lesions that exert pressure on the spinal cord by rapidly accumulating blood between the dura and bone or ligament components. The annual incidence of spontaneous epidural hematoma is estimated to be one in one million. The predominant symptoms are back pain or neurological impairment, including sensory, motor, or autonomic dysfunction of the limbs below the hematoma level.

Anteroposterior Combined Surgery of a Rare Massive Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma at the Cervicothoracic Junction.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare mesenchymal tumor of vascular endothelial origin. Non-soft tissue epithelioid hemangioendothelioma can also be seen in different organs. Although chemotherapy has been used in some patients, complete surgical removal of the tumor tissue has proven to be the most durable solution.

Temporary 6TH cranial nerve paralysis after accidental durotomy in endoscopic disc surgery.

We present a unique case of 6th nerve palsy following accidental durotomy in endoscopic lumbar spine surgery, which has not been reported in the literature before. A 72- year-old female patient was admitted to our outpatient clinic complaining of right leg pain for 6 months. A 4/5 motor paresis was observed on her right toe with a positive Lasegue test at 45°.

Modified Kickstand Rod Technique for the Correction of Adult Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Adult idiopathic scoliosis (ADIS) is the delayed form of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) which is defined as a three-dimensional deformity with a lateral curvature of more than 10° in adults with prior history of AIS. Surgery is necessary for patients with symptoms of chronic pain, neuromotor deficits and cardiopulmonary problems with a Cobb angle exceeding 45°. In untreated patients, AIS may lead to ADIS which can cause serious problems like osteoarthritis, progressive deformity and spinal stenosis.

Effects of pirfenidone on experimental head injury in rats.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) continues to be a significant public healthcare concern. Neuroinflammation that occurs in the secondary phase of TBI leads to cognitive and physical dysfunction. A number of therapeutic modalities have been evaluated in an attempt to find a suitable treatment.

Kyphosis After Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations.

Thoracolumbar fractures change the biomechanics of the spine. Load distribution causes kyphosis by the time. Treatment of posttraumatic kyphosis is still controversial.

Hemipartial Laminectomy and Bilateral Flavectomy Technique With Unilateral Approach in Patients With Cervical Spinal Stenosis Due to Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy: A Technique Note.

The aim of this procedure is to widen the spinal canal by using minimally invasive techniques to do hemipartial laminectomy and bilateral flavectomy in patients with cervical spinal stenosis due to ligamentum flavum hypertrophy. A 66-year-old man presented with increasing neck and right shoulder pain for one year to Koç University Hospital. He reported a three-month history of numbness in his hands.

Modafinil attenuates the neuroinflammatory response after experimental traumatic brain injury.

Background: Modafinil has been proven to exert anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and neuroprotective effects on numerous neurological disorders. However, its effects after traumatic brain injury (TBI) have not been yet explored. The aim of this study was to explore if Modafinil can attenuate the neuroinflammatory phase of TBI and clarify the possible underlying mechanisms.

Comparison of direct costs of percutaneous full-endoscopic interlaminar lumbar discectomy and microdiscectomy: Results from Turkey.

Background And Purpose: Microdiscectomy (MD) is a stan-dard technique for the surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Uniportal percutaneous full-endoscopic in-terlaminar lumbar discectomy (PELD) is another surgical op-tion that has become popular owing to reports of shorter hos-pitalization and earlier functional recovery. There are very few articles analyzing the total costs of these two techniques.

Perineal anesthesia following interlaminar endoscopic disc surgery.

Perineal anesthesia is defined as the loss of sensation to the area of buttocks, perianal space and thighs. It is often seen in cauda equina syndrome as a collection of acute symptoms mostly occurring secondary to a large disc herniations leading to neuropathy of multiple lumbar and sacral nerve roots. We present 30 years- old male patient who was admitted with sever left leg pain for over a month.

Radiological evaluation of the localization of sympathetic ganglia in the cervical region.

Purpose: To determine local variations of cervical sympathetic ganglia (CSG) according to vertebral levels on preoperative neck magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by designating carotid artery (CA) as the standard landmark at the center, in attempts to prevent injury to CSG in the anterior-anterolateral approaches performed in the cervical spinal region.

Materials And Methods: The retrospective study reviewed neck MRI images of 281 patients, of which the images of 231 patients were excluded from the study based on the exclusion criteria. As a result, the MRI images of the remaining 50 patients were included in the study.

Minimally Invasive Far-Lateral Microdiscectomy: A New Retractor for Far-Lateral Lumbar Disc Surgery.

Background To date, a number of approaches have been described for far-lateral disc surgery, including midline, paramedian, and intertransverse approaches. These approaches pose challenges for surgeons due to the difficulty in retraction caused by the anatomy of the foramen. We designed a retractor suitable for the three-dimensional anatomical structure of the foramen.

Percutaneous endoscopic translaminar approach in a patient with pedicle screw malposition and cement leakage.

We present a 79-year-old female patient who had L2-5 dynamic stabilization with cement (Polymethylmethacrylate) injection 6 weeks prior. Due to post-operative right radicular pain, a lumbar CT was scheduled in which a malposition of the right L4 screw and cement leakage was observed. Via a percutaneous translaminar endoscopic approach the leaked cement was removed and the portion of the screw in contact with the nerve root was drilled.

A New Technique That Percutaneous Endoscopic Decompression and Vertebroplasty in a Patient With Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture: A Case Report.

Study Design: Technique note.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of endoscopy in various spinal pathologies.

Summary Of Background Data: Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are a common pathology in the elderly.

Percutaneous Endoscopic Interlaminar Decompression of Hypervascular Spinal Metastases.

Background: Percutaneous endoscopic surgery is a common technique used for the treatment of disk herniation and spinal stenosis. In this report, we present a patient who underwent percutaneous endoscopic decompression due to spinal metastasis.

Case Description: A 72-year-old female patient with a known diagnosis of lung cancer presented to our clinic with a 10-day history of severe pain in the left leg and a 5-day history of muscle weakness in the left thigh.

Percutaneous Full-Endoscopic Removal of Lumbar Intradural Extramedullary Tumor via Translaminar Approach.

Background: Despite the fact that technologic advances and surgical experience expand the use of endoscope in spinal surgery, there are few reports on its application in the management of spinal tumors. We present a case report of intradural extramedullary tumor excision with the percutaneous full endoscopic translaminar approach.

Case Description: A 67-year-old male presented to our clinic with lumbar, left thigh pain and paresthesia in both thighs.

A Novel Modular Dynamic Stabilization System for the Treatment of Degenerative Spinal Pathologies.

Aim: To show the preliminary clinical results of the Orthrus modular dynamic stabilization system that is a new instrumentation system intended for degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine.

Material And Methods: The system utilizes two different types of screws that can be used in conjunction with different types of rods such as titanium, carbon fiber or PEEK. The first type of screw is a double headed screw to interconnect to the upper and lower level with independent rods.

Can Right-Handed Surgeons Insert Upper Thoracic Pedicle Screws in much Comfortable Position? Right-Handedness Problem on the Left Side.

Objective: Thoracic pedicles have special and specific properties. In particular, upper thoracic pedicles are positioned in craniocaudal plane. Therefore, manipulation of thoracic pedicle screws on the left side is difficult for right-handed surgeons.

Complications of 2-Level Dynamic Stabilization: A Correlative Clinical and Radiological Analysis at Two-Year Follow-up on 103 Patients.

Aim: To investigate the postoperative complications, such as screw loosening, screw breakage and adjacent segment disease (ASD), in patients who underwent surgery with 2-level dynamic stabilization systems.

Material And Methods: Postoperative complications, clinical improvements and radiological parameters in patients who underwent surgery using a dynamic system for 2-level lumbar stabilization were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 103 patients with lumbar degenerative spinal instability underwent 2-level dynamic stabilization.

Minimally Invasive Translaminar Endoscopic Approach to Percutaneous Vertebroplasty Cement Leakage: Technical Note.

Background: Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty are 2 common procedures that could be applied simply in treatment of vertebral compression fractures. Despite simplicity and safe application of these procedures, there are some drawbacks as well. Cement leakage into the spinal canal is the most common complication of PVP and PKV procedures.

Classification of Radiological Changes in Burst Fractures.

Aim: Burst fractures can occur with different radiological images after high energy. We aimed to simplify radiological staging of burst fractures.

Methods: Eighty patients whom exposed spinal trauma and had burst fracture were evaluated concerning age, sex, fracture segment, neurological deficit, secondary organ injury and radiological changes that occurred.