Evaluation of Vocal and Pulmonary Health Through Acoustic Analysis of Voice and Respiratory Measurements in People With Long COVID-19 Symptoms.

Background/objectives: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted global health, with Malaysia reporting over 5 million cases as of May 2024. While symptoms like fatigue and breathlessness are commonly reported among COVID-19 patients, limited research exists on the vocal and pulmonary conditions of individuals with long COVID symptoms. This study aims to assess vocal impairments and pulmonary function differences between long COVID patients and healthy controls, addressing gaps in understanding how long COVID affects vocal and respiratory health.

Climate data dynamics: A high-volume real world structured weather dataset.

The dataset at hand is a unique resource, officially procured from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department, the sole government institution that diligently monitors weather through 35 strategically placed weather stations across the nation. This dataset is a treasure trove of actual data spanning several decades, from the inception of each weather station to the present. It has been meticulously restructured and processed into four (Rainfall, Temperature, Humidity, and Sunshine) key weather parameters, presented in a highly organized and accessible format.

Human milk improves the oral bioavailability of the poorly water-soluble drug clofazimine.

Clofazimine is an emerging drug for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis in infants. As a poorly water-soluble drug, the formulation of clofazimine in age-appropriate vehicles is challenging and often results in the use of off-label formulations. Milk-based vehicles such as human milk and bovine milk have been investigated as age-appropriate formulations and shown to increase the solubilisation of poorly water-soluble drugs via enhanced solubility in lipid digestion products in vitro.

Decoding the synergy: unveiling gradient boosting regression model for multivariate quantitation of pioglitazone, alogliptin and glimepiride in pure and tablet dosage forms.

This study represents a comparison among the performances of four multivariate procedures: partial least square (PLS) and artificial neural networks (ANN) in addition to support vector regression (SVR) and extreme gradient boosting (XG Boost) algorithm for the determination of the anti-diabetic mixture of pioglitazone (PIO), alogliptin (ALG) and glimepiride (GLM) in pharmaceutical formulations with aid of UV spectrometry. Key wavelengths were selected using knowledge-based variable selection and various preprocessing methods (e.g.

From infodemic to resilience: Exploring COVID-19 protective measures in armed-conflict zone.

The proliferation of inaccurate and misleading information about COVID-19 on social media poses a significant public health concern. This study examines the impact of the infodemic and beneficial information on COVID-19 protective behaviors in an armed-conflict country. Using the protective action decision model (PADM), data were collected from 1439 participants through a questionnaire in Yemen between August 2020 and April 2021.

Eco-friendly four spectrophotometric approaches for the simultaneous determination of the recently FDA-approved combination, bupivacaine and meloxicam in pharmaceutical dosage forms.

In this study, bupivacaine (BUP) and meloxicam (MLX) were simultaneously assayed in their co-formulated ampoules without interference using four affordable, sensitive, and eco-friendly spectrophotometric methods. The assay of MLX at 359.3 nm over the concentration range of 1.

Randomized Phase II Study of Durvalumab with or without Tremelimumab in Patients with Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is overexpressed by dendritic cells in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) progressing on androgen receptor pathway inhibitors. We tested whether checkpoint blockade could enhance antitumor activity in mCRPC.

Methods: In a multicenter open-label non-comparative randomized phase II study, patients with mCRPC treated with £ 1 prior cytotoxic chemotherapy, with measurable disease and progression on abiraterone and/or enzalutamide were randomized to durvalumab (D) 1500mg IV Q4 weeks ± 4 doses of tremelimumab (T) 75mg IV.

Intralesional injection of mitomycin C following visual internal urethrotomy for recurrent urethral stricture: a randomized controlled study.

Aim: To assess the efficacy of Intralesional injection of mitomycin C (MMC) following visual internal urethrotomy (VIU) in the management of recurrent urethral stricture.

Materials: Fifty male patients diagnosed with recurrent single bulbar urethral stricture measuring less than 1.5 cm previously treated with VIU were randomly allocated into two equal groups, (Group A) planned for VIU only and (Group B) planned for VIU with intralesional MMC injection using Botox injection needle.

Nano-Ayurvedic Medicine Approaches Using -Phytochemicals Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles Against Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Breast cancer is a significant global health issue, contributing to 15% of cancer-related deaths. Our laboratory has pioneered a novel approach, combining Ayurvedic principles with green nanotechnology, to develop a scientifically rigorous medical modality referred to as Nano-Ayurvedic Medicine, recently approved by the US Patents and Trademarks Office. Here in we report a new Nano-Ayurvedic medicine agent derived from gold nanoparticles encapsulated with phytochemicals from plant (GB-AuNPs).

Identifying the hidden parasitic intruders: Molecular insights into the health of common Myna.

Birds are known to act as the parasite reservoir and can transmit them to other organisms through food chains. This study aims to report the molecular prevalence and phylogenetic evaluation of various blood borne pathogens (Toxoplasma gondii, Isospora spp., Plasmodium spp.

Bangla news article dataset.

In this research, we present an updated standard Bangla dataset based on gathered Bangla news articles. In total, more than 1.9 million articles from nine Bangla news websites were gathered; the selection process was led by a number of categories, including sports, economy, politics, local news, tech, tourism, entertainment, education, health, the arts, and many more.

Adrenal insufficiency and the use of mineralocorticoid treatment in male patients with adrenoleukodystrophy; a retrospective analysis of an institutional database.

Introduction: Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) patients exhibit three primary clinical phenotypes: primary adrenal insufficiency, adrenomyeloneuropathy, and cerebral demyelination due to the accumulation of saturated very long-chain fatty acids in the adrenal cortex and central nervous system white matter and axons. We investigated the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency (AI) and the use of mineralocorticoid treatment in male ALD patients.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of electronic medical records was conducted for all ALD patients at a single institution between January 1, 2011, and December 6, 2021.

Global survey on point-of-care ultrasound (pocus) use in child surgery.

Purpose: To undertake a global assessment of existing ultrasound practices, barriers to access, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) training pathways, and the perceived clinical utility of POCUS in Child Surgery.

Methods: An electronic survey was disseminated via the GICS (Global Initiative of Children's Surgery) network. 247 anonymized responses from 48 countries were collated.

Improving care and survival of newborns with surgical conditions in Tanzania (TINY Tanzania): a focus on gastroschisis.

Purpose: Gastroschisis is associated with over 90% mortality in many sub-Saharan African countries. The introduction of the Gastroschisis Care Bundle at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) increased survival up to 60%. We aim to explain the impact of using implementation science methods to decentralize the care of babies with gastroschisis to other parts of Tanzania.

A road to surgical success: a case report of huge retroperitoneal idiopathic non-pancreatic cyst in a 6-year-old child at tertiary hospital, Muhimbili National Hospital.

In most reported cases, pancreatic pseudocysts are the most commonly reported cases and mostly occur in adults. Idiopathic non-pancreatic pseudocyst is rarely reported among children. We are reporting a rare case of retroperitoneal pseudocyst in a 6-year-old male with a 4-week history of abdominal swelling.

In vitro evaluation of ganaplacide/lumefantrine combination against Plasmodium falciparum in a context of artemisinin resistance.

Background: Ganaplacide, also known as KAF156, is among the new antimalarial drug candidates that have successfully reached Phase III clinical trials, and is proposed in combination with lumefantrine. This combination could replace the current front-line artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in case of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to both artemisinins and partner drugs. Indeed, the African continent, where the malaria burden is the highest, is currently experiencing worrying multiple emergences and spread of artemisinin resistance, which urges for the exploration of the antiparasitic properties of KAF156 in this context.

Montmorillonite restricts free fatty acid liberation and alters self-assembled structures formed during in vitro lipid digestion.

The global rise in obesity necessitates innovative weight loss strategies. Naturally occurring smectite clays, such as montmorillonite (MMT), offer promise due to their unique properties that interfere with free fatty acid (FFA) liberation, reducing systemic uptake. However, the mechanisms of MMT-FFA interactions and their implications for weight management are undefined.

AI-based selection of individuals for supplemental MRI in population-based breast cancer screening: the randomized ScreenTrustMRI trial.

Screening mammography reduces breast cancer mortality, but studies analyzing interval cancers diagnosed after negative screens have shown that many cancers are missed. Supplemental screening using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can reduce the number of missed cancers. However, as qualified MRI staff are lacking, the equipment is expensive to purchase and cost-effectiveness for screening may not be convincing, the utilization of MRI is currently limited.

An Applied Statistics dataset for human vs AI-generated answer classification.

Due to the increasing popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, students from various fields now commonly rely on AI-powered text generation tools to complete their assignments. This poses a challenge for course instructors who struggle to identify the authenticity of submitted work. Several AI detection tools for differentiating human-generated text from AI-generated text exist for domains like medical and coding, and available generic tools do not perform well on domain-specific tasks.

Evolution of STAT2 resistance to flavivirus NS5 occurred multiple times despite genetic constraints.

Zika and dengue virus nonstructural protein 5 antagonism of STAT2, a critical interferon signaling transcription factor, to suppress the host interferon response is required for viremia and pathogenesis in a vertebrate host. This affects viral species tropism, as mouse STAT2 resistance renders only immunocompromised or humanized STAT2 mice infectable. Here, we explore how STAT2 evolution impacts antagonism.

Investigation of TLR2 (-196 to -174del) and TLR9 (T-1486C) Gene Polymorphisms Association with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC) are diseases that result from the combined effects of a predisposing genetic background and several environmental factors, including smoking. Some genes can influence these diseases through genetic inheritance, and their regulation is explained by gene polymorphism. However, Toll-like receptor (TLR) genes have been identified as susceptibility genes for CD and UC.

Novel NO-TZDs and trimethoxychalcone-based DHPMs: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors.

Novel series of nitric oxide-releasing thiazolidine-2,4-diones () and 3,4,5-trimethoxychalcone-based multifunctional 1,4-dihydropyrimidines () have been designed and synthesised as potent broad-spectrum anticancer agents with potential VEGFR-2 inhibition. The designed analogs were evaluated for their anticancer activities towards a full panel of NCI-60 tumour cell lines and emerged mean %inhibitions ranging from 76.40 to 147.