[Pulmonary medicine: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis].

Important changes have been proposed by expert groups for the management of mild asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): for safety reasons, short-acting beta-2 agonists (SABA) are no longer recommended as « reliever therapy » in mild asthma, and should be replaced by symptom-driven inhaled corticosteroids, alone or combined with a beta-2 agonist ; for COPD patients recommendations as to use of inhaled corticosteroids have been redefined. New therapeutic options for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are being evaluated: recombinant human pentraxin 2 may become a new therapeutic option among the existing specific treatments (pirfenidone, nintedanib). These novelties are discussed in this review of the recent medical literature.

Safety and Efficacy of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Used for Analgesia After Bariatric Surgery: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are cornerstone in multimodal analgesia protocols. This point is of great value in morbidly obese patients due to the high prevalence of restrictive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that NSAIDs do not increase acute bariatric surgery complications while optimizing postoperative analgesia.

[Transbronchial cryobiopsies : a minimally invasive tool for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease].

The diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is challenging and relies on a multidisciplinary discussion involving clinical, radiological and sometimes histological features. Bronchoscopic lung cryobiopsies have emerged as a new minimally invasive method of lung sampling and an alternative to surgical lung biopsies. A good diagnostic performance and excellent safety profile make it an interesting and worthful procedure which could decrease the number of patients without proper diagnosis and treatment.

ALK-rearranged adenocarcinoma transformed to small-cell lung cancer: a new entity with specific prognosis and treatment?

Driving molecular mutations such as rearrangement of ALK and EGFR mutation is present in 5-10% of non-small-cell lung cancer. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have shown good efficacy and thus become the standard of care. However, tumors have developed several resistance mechanisms against tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including transformation to small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC).

[Pulmonary diseases. Asthma, COPD and sleep apnea syndrome].

Among the novelties described in the management of pulmonary disorders during the year 2017, we chose to describe three. First, the indication for inhaled glucocorticosteroids (ICS) in COPD has been revisited, because of their relationship with an increased occurence of pneumonia : ICS are now recommended only in severe COPD (GOLD D) with frequent exacerbations as second line treatment. Secondly, azithromycine has shown very promising results in poorly controlled severe asthma, with a significant impact on symptoms and exacerbations.

[Living with bronchiectasis].

Bronchiectasis is a chronic condition with a prevalence continuously on the rise. Bronchiectasis have a considerable impact on morbidity, healthcare utilization and quality of life. Pulmonary function tests, microbiological variables and exacerbation rate are useful in the initial and follow-up evaluation.