The muscular branching patterns of the ulnar nerve in fetal forearms.

Objective: We aimed to present our findings systematically by examining the muscular branching patterns of the ulnar nerve (UN) in the forearms of fetuses.

Methods: This study was conducted on the 52 forearms of 26 formalin-fixed fetal cadavers with gestational ages varying between 19 and 37 weeks. The anatomical dissection was performed by using stereomicroscope with × 8 magnification.

Experimental Studies on Facial Nerve Regeneration.

Insufficient recovery after injury of a peripheral motor nerve is due to (1) inappropriate pathfinding as a result of axonal regrowth to inappropriate targets, (2) excessive collateral axonal branching at the lesion site, and (3) polyinnervation of the neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). The rat facial nerve model is often used because of its simple and reliable readout to measure recovery of function (vibrissal whisking). Over the last decades scientists have concentrated their efforts to combat mostly NMJ polyinnervation, because it turned out to be very difficult to reduce collateral axonal branching and impossible to navigate thousands of axons toward the original fascicles.

An unusual course of aortic arch through an accessory fissure of left upper lobe of the lung: extramediastinal aortic arch.

In this case report, we present an unexpected, extramediastinal course of aortic arch through an accessory fissure of left upper lobe of the lung in a 19-year-old healthy man.

A glimpse into the process of gaining permission for the educational dissection of human cadavers in the Ottoman Empire.

Dissection of the human body for educational purposes became officially permitted in the Ottoman Empire only after a long, difficult process. In the West, studies based on the findings of Galen had been taboo during a long period in which dissection of human bodies had been prohibited. Although the first dissection studies since ancient times began to appear in the Western literature in the late 13th and early 14th centuries, the post-Galen taboo against dissection was broken only in the 16th century by the studies of Vesalius.

Topographic description of an alternative insertion technique for percutaneous approach of cricopharyngeus muscle electromyography: a cadaveric and clinical study.

Background: Cricopharyngeus is the only muscle for which electromyography is used in the differential diagnosis of swallowing disorders. Because of some practical difficulties, electrophysiologic tests for this muscle are not performed routinely. Thus we aimed to describe an alternative topographic way to reach the muscle easily.

Biomechanical assessment of suture techniques used for tendon repair.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess different tendon suture techniques from the perspectives of both tensile strength and early active mobilization.

Methods: In this study, we implemented repairs on 40 flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendons, acquired from fresh frozen cadavers. The tendons were divided into 5 groups of 8 tendons each.

Relationships of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve to bony landmarks.

Background: The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) can be at risk during, for example, the insertion of pins in the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) during external fixation of the pelvis, total hip arthroplasty through a direct anterior approach, open surgery for impingement in the hip through an anterior approach, and periacetabular osteotomy. During surgery, the surgeon usually assumes the location of the LFCN by using the ASIS as a landmark.

Questions/purposes: We investigated (1) whether there is any relationship between the LFCN and the ASIS and (2) the anatomy of the LFCN at the lateral border of the psoas major.

Innervation pattern of the pronator teres muscle.

Objective: To determine the innervation patterns of the pronator teres muscle (PTM), which is used as a donor in muscle transfer.

Methods: This study was conducted from 2001-2006 at the Anatomy Department of the Medical Faculty of Cerrahpasa, University of Istanbul. There were 34 upper extremities of 17 fixed adult cadavers dissected.

The muscular branching patterns of the ulnar nerve to the flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus muscles.

The branching pattern of the ulnar nerve in the forearm is of great importance in anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve for decompression after neuropathy of cubital tunnel syndrom and malformations resulting from distal end fractures of the humerus. In this study, 37 formalin-fixed forearms were used to demonstrate the muscular branching patterns from the main ulnar nerve to the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (FCU) and ulnar part of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle (FDP). Eight branching patterns were found and classified into four groups according to the number of the muscular branches leaving the main ulnar nerve.

Ramification pattern of the thenar branch of the median nerve entering the thenar fascia and the distribution of the terminal branches in the thenar musculature: Anatomic cadaver study in 144 hands.

Knowledge of the anatomy of the median nerve is important in surgery of the palmar aspect of the hand. The purpose of our study was to investigate the ramification pattern of the thenar branch before entering the thenar fascia and the distribution of the terminal branches in the thenar musculature. The observations were carried out on 144 hands of 74 dissecting room cadavers.