Extramammary Paget Disease: a Therapeutic Challenge, for a Rare Entity.

Purpose Of Review: Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is a rare entity which is more frequently localized at the vulva, though it only accounts for 1-2% of vulvar neoplasms. It is a primary cutaneous adenocarcinoma whose cell of origin is still a matter of controversy: it can either arise from apocrine/eccrine glands or from stem cells. The diagnosis demands a biopsy and entails a histopathological analysis by which cells show similar characteristics as breast Paget disease.

Validation of the Edited Tromsø Infant Faces Database (E-TIF): A study on differences in the processing of children's emotional expressions.

Images of emotional facial expressions are often used in emotion research, which has promoted the development of different databases. However, most of these standardized sets of images do not include images from infants under 2 years of age, which is relevant for psychology research, especially for perinatal psychology. The present study aims to validate the edited version of the Tromsø Infant Faces Database (E-TIF) in a large sample of participants.

ADAR1 Isoforms Regulate Processing in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase 1 (ADAR1) is significantly down-regulated in fibroblasts derived from Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) patients, and its overexpression restored levels of , , and . There are two ADAR1 isoforms in humans, ADAR1-p110 and ADAR1-p150, generated by an alternative promoter. is considered an essential microRNA in Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF).

Fibroblasts From Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Induce Apoptosis and Reduce the Migration Capacity of T Lymphocytes.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and irreversible lung disease of unknown etiology. Myofibroblasts are organized in peculiar subepithelial fibroblasts foci (FF), where they abnormally persist and exclude lymphocytes by unclear mechanisms. FF are the source of an excessive extracellular matrix, which results in progressive stiffening and destruction of the lung architecture.

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal mental health in Spain: Positive and negative outcomes.

Background: Previous studies have shown that perinatal distress has a negative influence on pregnancy outcome and the physiological development of the baby.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal perinatal mental health in Spain.

Methods: Seven hundred and twenty-four women (N=450 pregnancy, N=274 postpartum) were recruited online during the pandemic.

Decreased expression of transmembrane TNFR2 in lung leukocytes subpopulations of patients with non-fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis compared with the fibrotic disease.

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease, characterized by lung inflammation (non-fibrotic HP) that may often progresses to fibrosis (Fibrotic HP). The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and its receptors (TNFR1 and TNFR2) can be found as soluble (sol) and transmembrane (tm) forms, playing pro-inflammatory functions but also has been related to immune regulatory functions. Bronchioalveolar lavage from fibrotic and non-fibrotic HP patients was obtained, and immune cells were characterized by flow cytometry, whereas soluble proteins were analyzed by ELISA.

The Role of ADAR1 and ADAR2 in the Regulation of miRNA-21 in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Introduction: microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding 1RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Recent evidence shows that adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADAR) can edit miRNAs. miRNAs are involved in the development of different diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Transmembrane protease, serine 4 (TMPRSS4) is upregulated in IPF lungs and increases the fibrotic response in bleomycin-induced lung injury.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive lung disease characterized by epithelial cell activation, expansion of the fibroblast population and excessive extracellular matrix accumulation. The mechanisms are incompletely understood but evidence indicates that the deregulation of several proteases contributes to its pathogenesis. Transmembrane protease serine 4 (TMPRSS4) is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that may promote migration and facilitate epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), two critical processes in the pathogenesis of IPF.

Increased Expression of CC16 in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease of unknown etiology. The pathogenic mechanisms are unclear, but evidence indicates that aberrantly activated alveolar epithelial cells secrete a variety of mediators which induce the migration, proliferation and activation of fibroblasts and finally the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix with the consequent destruction of the lung parenchyma. CC16 (approved symbol SCGB1A1), a putative anti-inflammatory protein produced by "club" cells in the distal airways, has not been evaluated in IPF lungs.

Metronomics for thymic carcinoma.

Although thymomas are the most frequent primary tumours of the anterior mediastinum, thymic carcinoma is very infrequent and more aggressive. Combination chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for the advanced stages, but because of the lack of evidence from randomised trials, the management of the successive lines is a challenging field. We report a partial radiological response in the seventh line of a thymic carcinoma stage IV with an oral regimen.

Fibrocytes contribute to inflammation and fibrosis in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis through paracrine effects.

Rationale: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) represents a lung inflammation provoked by exposure to a variety of antigens. Chronic HP may evolve to lung fibrosis. Bone marrow-derived fibrocytes migrate to injured tissues and contribute to fibrogenesis, but their role in HP is unknown.

Combined single channel and single molecule detection identifies subunit composition of STIM1-activated transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels.

Depletion of intracellular calcium ion stores initiates a rapid cascade of events culminating with the activation of the so-called Store-Operated Channels (SOC) at the plasma membrane. Calcium influx via SOC is essential in the initiation of calcium-dependent intracellular signaling and for the refilling of internal calcium stores, ensuring the regeneration of the signaling cascade. In spite of the significance of this evolutionary conserved mechanism, the molecular identity of SOC has been the center of a heated controversy spanning over the last 20 years.

STIM1 converts TRPC1 from a receptor-operated to a store-operated channel: moving TRPC1 in and out of lipid rafts.

While the role of members from the TRPC family of channels as receptor-operated channels (ROC) is well established and supported by numerous studies, the role of this family of channels as store-operated channels (SOC) has been the focus of a heated controversy over the last few years. In the present study, we have explored the modulation of STIM1 on human TRPC1 channel. We show that the association of STIM1 to TRPC1 favors the insertion of TRPC1 into lipid rafts, where TRPC1 functions as a SOC.

Regulation of the cellular localization and function of human transient receptor potential channel 1 by other members of the TRPC family.

Members of the Canonical Transient Receptor Potential (TRPC) family of ionic channels are able to form homo- and heterotetrameric channels. Depending on the study, TRPC1 has been detected on both the surface and inside the cell, probably in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Likewise, TRPC1 has been described both as a store-operated channel and as one unable to function when forming a homotetramer.

Calmodulin and calcium interplay in the modulation of TRPC5 channel activity. Identification of a novel C-terminal domain for calcium/calmodulin-mediated facilitation.

TRPC5 forms Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channels important for neurite outgrowth and growth cone morphology of hippocampal neurons. Here we studied the activation of mouse TRPC5 expressed in Chinese hamster ovary and human embryonic kidney 293 cells by agonist stimulation of several receptors that couple to the phosphoinositide signaling cascade and the role of calmodulin (CaM) on the activation. We showed that exogenous application of 10 microM CaM through patch pipette accelerated the agonist-induced channel activation by 2.

Impaired chemokine-induced migration during T-cell development in the absence of Jak 3.

The arrival of bone marrow T-cell progenitors to the thymus, and the directed migration of thymocytes, are thought to be regulated by the expression of chemokines and their receptors. Recent data has shown that the Jak/Stat signalling pathway is involved in chemokine receptor signalling. We have investigated the role of Jak 3 in chemokine-mediated signalling in the thymus using Jak 3(-/-) mice.