Vascular Shunts in Civilian Trauma.

Experience with temporary intravascular shunts (TIVS) for vessel injury comes from the military sector and while the indications might be clear in geographically isolated and under resourced war zones, this may be an uncommon scenario in civilian trauma. Data supporting TIVS use in civilian trauma have been extrapolated from the military literature where it demonstrated improved life and limb salvage. Few non-comparative studies from the civilian literature have also revealed similar favorable outcomes.

Gender-adjusted and age-adjusted economic inpatient burden of congestive heart failure: cost and disability-adjusted life-year analysis.

Aims: The two components of disability-adjusted life year (DALY), years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD), are underutilized in evaluating heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and in assessing the global burden of disease. We aim to describe both the direct (medical) and the indirect (morbidity and mortality) inpatient cost of congestive heart failure in a high-income non-Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Middle Eastern country in relation to YLL and YLD.

Methods And Results: We used the World Health Organization's global burden of disease methodology to calculate DALY, YLL, and YLD in 174 consecutive prospectively enrolled New York Heart Association Classes II-IV patients in a single-centre heart failure registry using a 0.

TP53 and IDH2 Somatic Mutations Are Associated With Inferior Overall Survival After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Myelodysplastic Syndrome.

Background: Next-generation sequencing has identified somatic mutations that are prognostic of cancer.

Patients And Methods: We evaluated the incidence and prognostic significance of somatic mutations in 89 myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients who received an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Next-generation sequencing was performed on paraffin embedded bone marrow, which was obtained at a median of 31 days before initiating the preparative regimen.

Inhibiting the oncogenic translation program is an effective therapeutic strategy in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a frequently incurable hematological cancer in which overactivity of MYC plays a central role, notably through up-regulation of ribosome biogenesis and translation. To better understand the oncogenic program driven by MYC and investigate its potential as a therapeutic target, we screened a chemically diverse small-molecule library for anti-MM activity. The most potent hits identified were rocaglate scaffold inhibitors of translation initiation.

Fear of Falling in People With Multiple Sclerosis: Which Clinical Characteristics Are Important?

Background: Fear of falling (FOF) is an important risk indicator for health-related outcomes and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, factors associated with FOF in MS are not well investigated.

Objectives: This study was done to explore predictors of FOF in this population.

Congestive heart failure disease management program: 1-Year population experience from a tertiary center heart failure registry in Saudi Arabia.

Aims: We aimed to evaluate congestive heart failure (CHF) multidisciplinary disease management program (DMProg) impact on mortality, readmission rates, length of stay (LOS), and gender health characteristics.

Methods And Results: This was a quasi-observational, pre- and post-trial with a parallel nonequivalent group. We enrolled 174 inpatients having CHF with reduced ejection fraction and New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II-IV, and a total of 197 hospital admissions.

Titania modified activated carbon prepared from sugarcane bagasse: adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light irradiation.

Activated carbon (AC), prepared from sugarcane bagasse waste through a low-temperature chemical carbonization treatment, was used as a support for nano-TiO. TiO supported on AC (xTiO-AC) catalysts (x = 10, 20, 50, and 70 wt.%) were prepared through a mechano-mixing method.

Gender differences in adverse childhood experiences, collective violence, and the risk for addictive behaviors among university students in Tunisia.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) have been linked to a variety of addictive behaviors. The recent adaptation of the ACE measure by the World Health Organization (WHO) allows for the assessment of the negative role of additional adverse experiences, such as extra-familial violence. To date, the relationship between extra-familial violence and addictive behaviors has not been assessed.

Prognostic role of circulating exosomal miRNAs in multiple myeloma.

Exosomes, secreted by several cell types, including cancer cells, can be isolated from the peripheral blood and have been shown to be powerful markers of disease progression in cancer. In this study, we examined the prognostic significance of circulating exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) in multiple myeloma (MM). A cohort of 156 patients with newly diagnosed MM, uniformly treated and followed, was studied.

[Chronic pain in general practice : Results from pain specialists].

Background: There is currently a lack of data on chronic pain in general practice.

Methods: Over a period of 2 years, data from 12,271 patients visiting a pain specialist on an outpatient basis were collected. All patients had documented their pain history (German pain questionnaire) via tablet/computer into a databank.

A regional consensus recommendation on brain atrophy as an outcome measure in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes leading to irreversible neurological impairment. Brain atrophy occurs early in the course of the disease at a rate greater than the general population. Brain volume loss (BVL) is associated with disability progression and cognitive impairment in patients with MS; hence its value as a potential target in monitoring and treating MS is discussed.

Exosomes in Tumor Angiogenesis.

Exosomes are small vesicles ranging in size between 30 and 150 nm, derived from the luminal membranes of the endosome and are constitutively released by fusion with the cell membrane. Several studies have revealed that exosomes play crucial roles in mediating local and systemic cell communication through the horizontal transfer of information in the form of nucleic material and proteins. This is particularly relevant in the context of the tumor-microenvironment cross talk.

Genomic complexity of multiple myeloma and its clinical implications.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a genetically complex disease that evolves from pre-malignant stages, such as monoclonal gammaopathy of undetermined significance and smouldering multiple myeloma, and progresses to symptomatic MM; this continuum provides a unique framework to study the sequential genomic evolution of MM. In the past 5 years, results from large-scale whole-exome sequencing studies have provided new insights into the clonal heterogeneity and evolution of the disease. Moreover, the recurrent co-occurrence of genomic events helps to dissect the genomic complexity underlying tumour progression.

The LIN28B/let-7 axis is a novel therapeutic pathway in multiple myeloma.

MYC is a major oncogenic driver of multiple myeloma (MM) and yet almost no therapeutic agents exist that target MYC in MM. Here we report that the let-7 biogenesis inhibitor LIN28B correlates with MYC expression in MM and is associated with adverse outcome. We also demonstrate that the LIN28B/let-7 axis modulates the expression of MYC, itself a let-7 target.

Unusual Complication of Pituitary Macroadenoma: A Case Report and Review.

BACKGROUND Pituitary macroadenoma is a common benign tumor that usually presents with visual field defects or hormonal abnormalities. Cerebral infarction can be a complication of a large pituitary adenoma. We report a rare case of bilateral anterior cerebral arteries infarcts by a large pituitary macroadenoma with apoplexy.

Epigenetics in Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma is characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells within the bone marrow resulting in anemia, lytic bone lesions, hypercalcemia, and renal impairment. Despite advanced in our understanding of this complex disease in recent years, it is still considered an incurable malignancy. This is, in part, due to the highly heterogenous genomic and phenotypic nature of the disease, which is to date incompletely understood.

Genomic Aberrations in Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a genetically complex disease. The past few years have seen an evolution in cancer research with the emergence of next-generation sequencing (NGS), enabling high throughput sequencing of tumors-including whole exome, whole genome, RNA, and single-cell sequencing as well as genome-wide association study (GWAS). A few inherited variants have been described, counting for some cases of familial disease.

Anti-nociceptive and desensitizing effects of olvanil on capsaicin-induced thermal hyperalgesia in the rat.

Background: Olvanil (NE 19550) is a non-pungent synthetic analogue of capsaicin, the natural pungent ingredient of capsicum which activates the transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) channel and was developed as a potential analgesic compound. Olvanil has potent anti-hyperalgesic effects in several experimental models of chronic pain. Here we report the inhibitory effects of olvanil on nociceptive processing using cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and compare the effects of capsaicin and olvanil on thermal nociceptive processing in vivo; potential contributions of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor to olvanil's anti-hyperalgesic effects were also investigated.

[Evaluation of the measurement of capillary glucose concentration versus plasma glucose in the newborn].

Background: The reliability of blood glucose monitoring in neonatology is not always confirmed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of blood glucose measurements made with three different devices in newborns.

Patients And Methods: The study was prospective, conducted in a medical and neonatal intensive care department over a period of 4 months.

Future Directions in the Evaluation and Treatment of Precursor Plasma Cell Disorders.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease that progresses from a premalignant stage termed monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and an intermediate stage of smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM). Recent major advances in therapy with more effective and less toxic treatments have brought reconsideration of early therapeutic intervention in management of SMM, with the goal of reducing progression of the disease before the occurrence of end-organ damage to MM and improving survival. Key to this effort is accurate identification of patients at high risk of progression who would truly benefit from early intervention.

Analysis of population structure and genetic diversity of Egyptian and exotic rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes.

Understanding the population structure and genetic diversity is a very important goal to improve the economic value of crops. In rice, a loss of genetic diversity in the last few centuries is observed. To address this challenge, a set of 22 lines from three different regions - India (two), and Philippines (six), and Egypt (14) - were used to assess the genetic diversity and the features of population structure.

[Nicotine dependance and carbon monoxide intoxication among adult smokers].

Background: The high nicotine dependence is one of the contributing factors to failure of attempts to quit. Moreover, the carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication, proportional to the intensity of smoking, is the basis of cardiovascular complications.

Objectives: To describe tobacco consumption and the degree of CO intoxication, as well as to assess nicotine dependence and identify its determinants in a population of adult smokers.

[Smoking cessation attitudes among adult smokers].

Aim: The failure of attempts to quit smoking was the cause of stagnation even the increasing prevalence of smoking in Tunisia. The aim of our study was to describe the previous quit attempts among smokers, the degree of motivation to the next stop and analyze the associated factors.

Methods: We carried out a survey based on an anonymous selfadministered questionnaire on tobacco, targeting smokers who participated in awareness sessions conducted in public places and universities in the city of Monastir.