Partial anomalous systemic venous drainage, right superior vena cava to the left atrium in nonisomeric patient.

The most encountered anomalous systemic venous drainage is a persistent left superior vena cava that drains into the right atrium through the coronary sinus. A much rarer anomalous systemic venous drainage is that of isolated anomalous drainage of a normally positioned right superior vena cava (RSVC) into the left atrium (LA). This has been reported in approximately 20 patients, with the diagnosis usually made by cardiac catheterization.

Evaluation of diastolic dysfunction in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and its relationship with development of myocardial fibrosis.

Background: Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may develop symptoms of shortness of breathing due to diastolic dysfunction which is not related to the severity of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. As these patients usually develop a non-ischemic pattern of myocardial fibrosis, this may represent a mechanism for increased myocardial stiffness leading to impaired diastolic filling. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of myocardial fibrosis assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and to evaluate its relationship with echocardiographic parameters including left ventricle diastolic dysfunction and to find echocardiographic indices which correlates with myocardial fibrosis as detected by cardiac magnetic resonance.

Galectin-3 as an early marker of diastolic dysfunction in children with end-stage renal disease on regular hemodialysis.

Introduction And Aim: Diastolic dysfunction is a common finding in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on regular hemodialysis (HD). Galectin-3 (Gal-3) has emerged as an early biomarker with diagnostic and prognostic values in cardiac dysfunction with reduced or preserved ejection fraction. We aimed to assess the correlation between Gal-3 levels and diastolic dysfunction in children with ESRD on regular HD.

Transcatheter device closure of patent ductus arteriosus by exclusive venous access under echocardiographic guidance without angiography.

Introduction: The standard transcatheter technique to profile the patent ductus arteriosus requires arterial access through the femoral artery and is associated with arterial complications, longer fluoroscopic time, contrast volume, and longer hospital stay.

Aim Of The Study: To compare exclusive transvenous access with the standard procedures for patent ductus arteriosus closure and evaluate whether exclusive venous approach is a safe and effective alternative.

Methods: A total of 320 patients were included.

Assessment of ventricular dysfunction in Egyptian children with Beta-thalassemia major.

Objective/background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum cardiac troponin I and serum N-terminal (NT) pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) levels and the utility of tissue Doppler imaging in assessing cardiovascular changes following left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in children with beta-thalassemia major (β-TM). In children with β-TM who depend on regular blood transfusion, cardiac iron toxicity is a common serious complication. The most common cause of death among these patients is congestive heart failure.

Anticipation and management of junctional ectopic tachycardia in postoperative cardiac surgery: Single center experience with high incidence.

Background: Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) often occurs in the early postoperative period following surgery for congenital heart diseases and may lead to hemodynamic compromise. Its exact etiology is unknown, however, longer cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, aortic cross clamp (ACC) time, catecholamines, and hypomagnesemia are known risk factors. JET is associated with increased postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Stent protrusion in palliative congenital heart disease interventions: does it cause any harm?

Background: Protrusion of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) stent can occur into the lumen of the main pulmonary artery (MPA) branch, the aorta, or both. This protrusion can vary from trivial to major, causing potential obstruction to the vessel lumen, which may cause flow obstruction or risk of thromboses. As far as we know, no one has followed these patients with protruding stents to see whether they do pose a risk of obstruction or thromboses.