Synergistic effects of bacteriophage cocktail and antibiotics combinations against extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

Background: The extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Acinetobacter baumannii have become a major cause of nosocomial infections, increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many different treatments, including phage therapy, are attractive ways to overcome the challenges of antibiotic resistance.

Methods: This study investigates the biofilm formation ability of 30 XDR A.

Isolation, characterization, and potential application of Acinetobacter baumannii phages against extensively drug-resistant strains.

One of the significant issues in treating bacterial infections is the increasing prevalence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. In the face of limited or no viable treatment options for extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria, there is a renewed interest in utilizing bacteriophages as a treatment option. Three Acinetobacter phages (vB_AbaS_Ftm, vB_AbaS_Eva, and vB_AbaS_Gln) were identified from hospital sewage and analyzed for their morphology, host ranges, and their genome sequences were determined and annotated.

Evaluation of Relationship between Sever Early Childhood Caries and Breast Milk`s Lactose among 12- to 24-month-old Children.

Statement Of The Problem: Severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) is common among infants and toddlers. It has many problems and challenges for families as well as dentists in fields of prevention and treatment.

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between occurrence of S-ECC and level of lactose in breast milk, in infants aged 12 to 24 months.

Synthesis and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Novel Halogenated Dihydropyrano[3,2-b]Chromene Derivatives.

Lung and breast cancers are among the most common cancers. In the present work, initially, 6-bromo-; and 6-chloro-3-hydroxychromone compounds were prepared. In the next step, a series of 8-bromo-; and 8-chloro-dihyropyrano[3,2-b]chromene derivatives were synthesized by one-pot three component reaction of these two compounds, aromatic aldehydes, and ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of triethylamine in EtOH at reflux conditions.

The Effect of Adjunctive Probiotics on Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Bipolar Disorder: A Double-blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric illness. Concentrations of inflammatory cytokines are increased in BD. Supplementation with probiotics has shown promising effects in reducing inflammation and producing improvement in clinical symptoms in some psychiatric disorders.

Drug-induced stuttering: A comprehensive literature review.

Drug-induced stuttering (DIS) is a type of neurogenic stuttering (NS). Although DIS has not been reported as frequently as other cases of NS in the literature, it is not a negligible adverse drug reaction (ADR) which can significantly affect the quality of life if not treated. This literature review aims to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of DIS and suggests some pathophysiological mechanisms for this ADR.

Isolating and sequencing vB_Kpn_3, a lytic bacteriophage against multidrug-resistant .

Phage therapy, as an effective and specific method in the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections, has attracted the attention of many researchers. In this study, a double-stranded DNA phage with the ability of lysing some strains of MDR  (vB_Kpn_3) was isolated from hospitals' wastewater and then characterized morphologically and genetically. Transmission electron microscopy and genetic analyses have revealed that vB_Kpn_3 is a member of Siphoviridae family.

Effects of probiotics on pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions in mice.

Objective: There are some reports of the effect of the gut microbiota on the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of probiotics on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced convulsions in mice.

Methods: The mice were pretreated with probiotic powder (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, and Bifidobacterium bifidum) suspended in normal saline by intragastric gavage (IG-gavage) for 14 (group 1) or 28 (group 2) days prior to injection of PTZ (90 mg/kg, intraperitoneally).

Anxiety, depression, and oral health: A population-based study in Southeast of Iran.

Background: Depression and anxiety are two psychosocial illnesses that mostly are comorbid. The prevalence of these diseases is increasing worldwide. Both can affect general health also oral and dental health.

Effect of pretreatment with intracerebroventricular injection of minocycline on morphine-induced memory impairment in passive avoidance test: Role of P-CREB and c-Fos expression in the dorsal hippocampus and basolateral amygdala regions.

Minocycline as a member of the tetracycline family is a lipophilic broad-spectrum antibiotic, which can display some non-antibiotic properties such as antioxidant, antiapoptosis, neuroprotection and modulation of pharmacological traits of drugs of abuse (ie, reward, sensitization and/or analgesia). Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of minocycline on morphine-induced memory impairment and motor function in male Wistar rats. The behavioural responses were measured by a passive avoidance test for evaluating memory, and in the open field for studying motor function.

Metronidazole aryloxy, carboxy and azole derivatives: Synthesis, anti-tumor activity, QSAR, molecular docking and dynamics studies.

A series of novel metronidazole aryloxy, carboxy and azole derivatives has been synthesized and their cytotoxic activities on three cancer cell lines were evaluated by MTT assay. Compounds 4m, 4l and 4d showed the most potent cytotoxic activity (ICs less than 100 µg/mL). Apoptosis was also detected for these compounds by flow cytometry.

A minireview on the in vitro and in vivo experiments with anti-Escherichia coli O157:H7 phages as potential biocontrol and phage therapy agents.

Phage therapy is an old method of combating bacterial pathogens that has recently been taken into consideration due to the alarming spread of antibiotic resistance. Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a foodborne pathogen that causes hemorrhagic colitis and life-threatening Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). There are several studies on isolation of specific phages against E.