Early growth response 1 transcription factor and its context-dependent functions in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma is the most aggressive form of primary brain tumour in adults. This tumour employs numerous transcription factors to advance and sustain its progression. Current evidence suggest that early growth response 1 (EGR1) plays a dual role as both an oncogene and a tumour suppressor in glioblastoma.

Effect of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid on Intracerebral Brain Hemorrhage in Traumatic Brain Injury.

Aim: To determine the effect of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid (TXA) on traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage.

Material And Methods: A total of 94 cases of TBI with intracerebral hemorrhage, admitted to the emergency department who did not need surgical intervention based on a primary brain spiral computed tomography (CT) scan, were randomly assigned into two groups of 47 patients. In the intervention group, intravenous TXA was administered as one gram of bolus and one gram every 6 hours for 48 hours, and in the control group, the placebo was administered in the same way.

Spontaneous regression of multiple intracranial capillary hemangiomas in a newborn-long-term follow-up and literature review.

Background: Intracranial capillary hemangiomas (ICHs) have a natural history and behavior that is very different from intracranial cavernous malformations. The literature is not consistent as to the best management strategy for ICHs.

Case Description: Our patient is a 40-day-old male infant who presented with progressive increase in head circumference and multiple cutaneous capillary and ICHs.

Single-walled and multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce oxidative stress in isolated rat brain mitochondria.

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are broadly applicable across a variety of industrial fields. Despite their usefulness in many different applications, oxidative stress-induced toxicity of SWCNTs and MWCNTs has not been widely investigated. The present study examined the effects of SWCNTs and MWCNTs on rat brain mitochondria using the 3,4 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and indices of reactive oxygen species (ROS), based on measurements of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and mitochondrial membrane potential.

Stab Wounds to the Head; Case Series, Review of Literature, and Proposed Management Algorithm.

Background And Objectives: Stabbing the head is a rare event. It may occur following an assault or self-inflicted injury. We intend to report our experience with four such cases and review narratively the relevant literature.

Cystic dilation of a ventriculus terminalis. Case report and review of the literature.

The ventriculus terminalis (VT) is a small ependyma-lined cavity within the conus medullaris that is in direct continuity with the central canal of the spinal cord. Cystic dilatation of the ventriculus terminalis on its own is an extremely rare pathological event in adults whose pathogenesis is uncertain. VT has been described in children as a normal developmental phenomenon.

Effect of trigger point injection on lumbosacral radiculopathy source.

Background: Active muscular trigger points (aMTPs) presenting with radiating pain can interfere in diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from lumbosacral radiculopathy.

Objectives: We aimed to diagnose and evaluate the trigger point therapy on the outcome of pain in patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy.

Materials And Methods: A total of 98 patients were enrolled suffered with chronic pain andlumbosacral radiculopathy at L4-L5 and L5-S1 who were candidates of non-surgical management.