Prevalence of Bleeding Symptoms among Adolescents and Young Adults in the Capital City of Saudi Arabia.

Background: Bleeding disorders vary in prevalence. While some are rare, some can be common in both sexes. Most bleeding disorders manifest as chronic bleeding tendencies or as an increase in bleeding during surgical procedures or trauma.

Colorectal cancer and brain metastases: An aggressive disease with a different response to treatment.

Introduction: Brain metastases (BM) are rare in colorectal cancer (CRC) and are associated with a dismal prognosis. This work aims to report the rate of BM in CRC patients treated in a single institution, along with survival and prognostic factors.

Methods: Medical charts for patients with histologically proven CRC were retrospectively reviewed.

Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in Head And Neck Surgery reconstructions: critical analysis.

Objective: to evaluate the results of the use of the pectoralis major flap in the reconstruction of head and neck surgeries.

Methods: we conducted a retrospective study with data bank analysis and review of medical records of patients with head and neck cancer operated at the Discipline of Head and Neck Surgery, Surgery Department, São Paulo Holy Home of Mercy, using the pectoralis major flap for reconstruction, in a period of 16 years. We analyzed age, gender, primary site of neoplasia, clinical staging, preoperative radiotherapy (RT) and complications, classified as major and minor.

Author Correction: Photonic Generation of High Power, Ultrastable Microwave Signals by Vernier Effect in a Femtosecond Laser Frequency Comb.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

New developments in the management of head and neck cancer - impact of pembrolizumab.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a heterogeneous group of upper aerodigestive tract malignancies, is the seventh most common cancer worldwide. Tobacco use and alcohol consumption were the most identified risk factors of HNSCC. However, human papilloma virus, a sexually transmitted infection, has been determined as another primary cause of HNSCC.

Aneurysm of the Fibular Vein: A Case Report.

Background: Aneurysms of the deep veins of the lower limbs are rare and often asymptomatic. Although natural history is unclear, these aneurysms have been associated with deep venous thrombosis and fatal pulmonary embolism events. To our knowledge, this case represents the fifth patient with isolated aneurysm of a calf vein described in the literature and the second one affecting the fibular vein.

Sleep in ambulatory patients with stable cirrhosis of the liver.

Background: Questionnaires indicate that patients with liver disease have disturbed sleep. However, polysomnographic studies to quantify sleep architecture and sleep disorders in this population are lacking. The current study compared polysomnographic findings of two groups of patients with clinically stable but severe end-stage pathology of the liver and heart.

Photonic Generation of High Power, Ultrastable Microwave Signals by Vernier Effect in a Femtosecond Laser Frequency Comb.

Optical frequency division of an ultrastable laser to the microwave frequency range by an optical frequency comb has allowed the generation of microwave signals with unprecedently high spectral purity and stability. However, the generated microwave signal will suffer from a very low power level if no external optical frequency comb repetition rate multiplication device is used. This paper reports theoretical and experimental studies on the beneficial use of the Vernier effect together with the spectral selective filtering in a double directional coupler add-drop optical fibre ring resonator to increase the comb repetition rate and generate high power microwaves.

Influence of ABO blood group on von Willebrand factor tests in healthy Saudi blood donors.

: Von Willebrand disease is a common bleeding disorder. The wide variation in von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels between and within normal individuals highlights the clinical challenge of defining its cutoff value. Although studies on the influence of ethnicity on ABO phenotypes and the levels of VWF have been carried out on different ethnicities, there is a lack of such data among Arab population.

Using Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) for the Integration of Risk Minimization Systems in Hospitals.

With the growing strain of medical staff and complexity of patient care, the risk of medical errors increases. In this work we present the use of Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) as communication standard for the integration of an ontology- and agent-based system to identify risks across medical processes in a clinical environment.

Molecular Characterization of Cronobacter sakazakii in Egypt, Survival and Thermoresistance at Different Temperatures: A Potential Public Health Risk.

Cronobacter sakazakii has been implicated in causing serious infections in neonates due to consumption of contaminated infant powdered milk. The zoonotic potential of the organism was not clear due to scarce evidence about the role of food animals in the transmission of infection. C.

A Novel Method to Improve the Anticancer Activity of Natural-Based Hydroxyapatite against the Liver Cancer Cell Line HepG2 Using Mesoporous Magnesia as a Micro-Carrier.

Micro-carriers are the best known vehicles to transport different kinds of drugs to achieve high impact. In this study, mesoporous magnesium oxide has been harnessed as a micro-carrier to encapsulate the anticancer candidate drug natural-based cubic hydroxyapatite (HAP). HAP@MgO composites with different HAP loading (0-60 wt %), were prepared by a hydrothermal treatment method using triethanol amine as a template.

Case Report: Histoplasmosis: First Autochthonous Case from Israel.

We present an autochthonous infection in Israel. The patient presented with hoarseness and weight loss. Pathology findings and molecular tests confirmed the diagnosis, and the patient responded to antifungal therapy.

A retrospective, matched paired analysis comparing bendamustine containing BeEAM versus BEAM conditioning regimen: results from a single center experience.

The combination of carmustine, etoposide, aracytin, and melphalan(BEAM) conditioning regimen in autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) is widely used in patients with relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma. It is also an option in patients with very-high risk aggressive NHL in first complete remission (CR). Recently, a phase Ib-II feasibility study using bendamustine replacing carmustine (BCNU) was reported.

Outpatient Total Knee Arthroplasty: Are We There Yet? (Part 2).

The method by which surgeons conduct outpatient total knee procedures has yet to be fully elucidated. Literature demonstrates different experiences from various care protocols in place across the nation. This article reviews current recommendations for implementing successful total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty outpatient protocols.

Impact of Outpatient Total Joint Replacement on Postoperative Outcomes.

Total joint arthroplasty (TJA) has demonstrated tremendous benefits to patients with osteoarthritis. Health care reform has influenced surgeons to optimize TJA care pathways as well as playing a role in the formation of outpatient TJA protocols. Understanding the outcomes of outpatient TJA is imperative to surgical predicate decision making.

Total Hip Arthroplasty in the Outpatient Setting: What You Need to Know (Part 2).

The intra- and postoperative phases of outpatient total hip arthroplasty (THA) vary by institution and surgeon. An understanding of an evidence-based approach to enhancing the intra- and postoperative phases of the care continuum is warranted to offer high-value care to outpatient candidates. This article will discuss methods for implementing successful outpatient THA protocols.

Total Hip Arthroplasty in the Outpatient Setting: What You Need to Know (Part 1).

The method by which surgeons conduct outpatient total hip arthroplasty (THA) procedures has yet to be fully standardized. Careful examination of components involved in the preoperative phase of outpatient hip arthroplasty procedures may lead to improved outcomes. This article will discuss methods for implementing successful outpatient THA protocols.

Outpatient Total Knee Arthroplasty: Are We There Yet? (Part 1).

Recent trends in total joint care have moved toward outpatient surgery. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains a definitive management for end-stage osteoarthritis and has experienced increased utilization over the past several decades. The method by which surgeons conduct outpatient total knee procedures has yet to be fully elucidated as different institutions report different experiences from their pathways.

A Novel Technique Utilizing a Vastus Lateralis Anchor in Treatment of Chronic Patellar Dislocation After Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Extensor mechanism complications involving the patella frequently result in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) failure. Postoperative patellar dislocation may be caused by soft tissue imbalance, improper sizing, and position of the prosthesis. This report describes a case of revision TKA requiring several rounds of soft tissue releases in an effort to treat the patient's chronic patellar dislocation.

Saudi lung cancer management guidelines 2017.

Background: Lung cancer management is getting more complex due to the rapid advances in all aspects of diagnostic and therapeutic options. Developing guidelines is critical to help practitioners provide standard of care.

Methods: The Saudi Lung Cancer Guidelines Committee (SLCGC) multidisciplinary members from different specialties and from various regions and healthcare sectors of the country reviewed and updated all lung cancer guidelines with appropriate labeling of level of evidence.

Expansion of mesenchymal stem cells on electrospun scaffolds maintains stemness, mechano-responsivity, and differentiation potential.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise for regenerative therapies and tissue engineering applications given their multipotential differentiation capacity. However, MSC isolation and expansion are typically performed on super-physiologically stiff tissue culture plastic (TCP), which may alter their behavior and lead to unintended consequences upon implantation. In contrast, electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds possess physical and mechanical properties that are similar to that of native tissue.