Benzofuran-morpholinomethyl-pyrazoline hybrids as a new class of vasorelaxant agents: synthesis and quantitative structure-activity relationship study.

The benzofuran-morpholinomethyl-pyrazoline hybrids 4a-e, 5a-e and 6a-j were synthesized via reaction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds 3a-e with hydrazine hydrate, semicarbazide or thiosemicarbazide. Applying the Mannich reaction to 5-(5-aryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4-methoxybenzofuran-6-ols 7a-e with morpholine hydrochloride and paraformaldehyde afforded positional isomeric 7-morpholinomethyl derivatives 4a-e and N-morpholinomethyl derivatives 8a-e. All the synthesized compounds showed significant vasodilatation properties in isolated thoracic aortic rings of rats precontracted using the standard norepinephrine hydrochloride technique.

Multiple pregnancies, hepatitis C, and risk for hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian women.

Background: The reasons for the worldwide sex disparity in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain elusive. We investigated the role of multiple pregnancies on the associations between viral hepatitis C (HCV) infection and HCC risk among Egyptian women.

Methods: We used data collected from blood specimens and questionnaires administered to female HCC cases and controls in Cairo, Egypt, from 1999 through 2009.

Thioacetamide-induced liver injury: protective role of genistein.

This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of genistein (GEN), a phytoestrogen, on the liver injury induced in rats by thioacetamide (TTA; 200.0 mg·(kg body mass)(-1); administered 3 times a week by intraperitoneal injection). GEN (0.

Heparin modulation on hepatic nitric oxide synthase in experimental steatohepatitis.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered to be a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, and has been etiologically associated with insulin resistance (IR). The histopathology of NAFLD ranges between simple steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with or without fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of heparin on steatohepatitis and hepatic-induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in mice.

Naturalistically observed conflict and youth asthma symptoms.

Objective: To investigate the links between naturalistically observed conflict, self-reported caregiver-youth conflict, and youth asthma symptoms.

Method: Fifty-four youth with asthma (age range: 10-17 years) wore the Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR) for a 4-day period to assess interpersonal conflict and caregiver-youth conflict as they occur in daily life. Conflict also was assessed with baseline self-report questionnaires and daily diaries completed by youth participants and their caregivers.

Combined clearance of pelvic and superficial nodes for clinical groin melanoma.

30-44% of patients with clinical groin node melanoma have involved pelvic nodes. Clinical guidelines selectively target pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) to those meeting radiological and clinico-pathological criteria, but we lack satisfactory diagnostic tools to preoperatively identify patients with pelvic node disease. We evaluate routine PLND for all patients undergoing superficial node dissection (SLND), performed as a combined single-stage ilioinguinal lymph node dissection (ILND).

Effects of socioeconomic status on maternal and child positive behaviors in daily life among youth with asthma.

Objective: Socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with poorer behavioral and emotional outcomes in children with asthma. This study investigated the associations between maternal income and education and naturalistically observed behaviors and affect during everyday parent-child interactions.

Methods: 53 predominantly low-income youth with asthma, aged 10-17 years, wore a naturalistic event-sampling device, the Electronically Activated Recorder, for 4 days to assess mother and child positive behaviors and affect in daily life.

Interrelationships among sedentary time, sleep duration, and the metabolic syndrome in adults.

Background: The study objectives were to examine whether: 1) sedentary time is associated with sleep duration, 2) sedentary time predicts the metabolic syndrome (MetS) independent of sleep duration and vice versa, and 3) sedentary time and sleep duration have an interactive effect on the MetS.

Methods: This cross-sectional study is based on the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A sample of 1371 adults (aged ≥20 years) were studied.

Knowledge and perceptions of hepatitis C infection and pesticides use in two rural villages in Egypt.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most fatal types of malignancy, is increasing worldwide, and particularly in Egypt where there is a confluence of its contributing factors, including high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, widespread use of pesticides, and diets that are contaminated by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in rural areas. We investigated knowledge, attitudes, and prevention practices related to HCV infection and pesticides use in rural Egypt, where over half of the population resides and agriculture is the predominant occupation.

Methods: From two rural villages we recruited 67 residents aged 18-80 years, who completed a 40-item survey that included questions about demographics, knowledge of and protective measures relevant to pesticides use in the home and in agriculture, awareness and perceptions of HCV infection and its treatment and prevention.

Association of interferon-γ inducible protein-10 pretreatment level and sustained virological response in HCV-positive Egyptian patients.

Background: The response to antiviral therapy in HCV infected patients depends on several predictive factors; however, the ability to achieve sustained virological response is still limited to around 60% of the patients infected with the HCV-4 genotype. Increased serum and intrahepatic interferon -γ inducible protein 10 (IP-10) levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C have been described. The aim of the work was to study the impact of pretreatment serum IP-10 level on the antiviral treatment outcome in a group of Egyptian patients infected with HCV.

Molecular design and synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted piperazines as α(1)-adrenergic receptor blockers.

A new series of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid amide and 3,5,6,8-tetrahydropyrido[4',3':4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives were designed, synthesized, their binding and functional properties as α1-adrenoreceptors blockers were evaluated. A new validated α1-adrenoreceptor blocker pharmacophore model (hypothesis) was generated using Discovery Studio 2.5.

Synthesis, bioassay, and molecular field topology analysis of diverse vasodilatory heterocycles.

A diverse training set composed of 76 in-house synthesized and 61 collected from the literature was subjected to molecular field topology analysis. This resulted in a high-quality quantitative structure-activity relationships model (R² = 0.932, Q² = 0.

South-East Asia is the center of origin, diversity and dispersion of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae.

• Inferring invasion routes and identifying reservoirs of diversity of plant pathogens are essential in proposing new strategies for their control. Magnaporthe oryzae, the fungus responsible for rice blast disease, has invaded all rice growing areas. Virulent genotypes regularly (re)emerge, causing rapid resistance breakdowns.

Pesticides, gene polymorphisms, and bladder cancer among Egyptian agricultural workers.

Unlabelled: This study examined the associations between pesticide exposure, genetic polymorphisms for

Nad(p)h: quinone oxidoreductase I (NQO1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and urinary bladder cancer risk among male agricultural workers in Egypt. Logistic regression was used to analyze data from a multicenter case-control study and estimate adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Exposure to pesticides was associated with increased bladder cancer risk (odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.

Reconstruction of complex oro-facial defects using the myocutaneous sub-mental artery flap.

Oro-facial defects require reconstruction that provides suitable colour match and texture. Moreover inner and outer cheek lining and bulk are key considerations. In cases of severe oro-facial infections concomitant mandibular abnormality, for example trismus, can mandate the need for tissue to obturate mandibular defects.

The partial myocutaneous gluteal flap reconstruction of extralevator abdominoperineal defects in irradiated patients.

Reconstruction of the irradiated perineum has posed a consistent reconstructive challenge historically. The evolution of reconstructive techniques must mirror advances in neoadjuvant treatment and surgery for low rectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perineal healing in a cohort of patients, of whom a majority had laparoscopic tumor excision and partial myocutaneous gluteal flap reconstruction.

Genetic polymorphisms in NQO1 and SOD2: interactions with smoking, schistosoma infection, and bladder cancer risk in Egypt.

Background: Bladder cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer in men among Egyptians, for whom tobacco smoke exposure and Schistosoma haematobium (SH) infection are the major risk factors. We hypothesized that functional polymorphisms in

Nad(p)h: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), modulators of the effects of reactive oxidative species, can influence an individual's susceptibility to these carcinogenic exposures and hence the risk of bladder cancer.

Methods: We assessed the effects of potential interactions between functional polymorphisms in the NQO1 and SOD2 genes and exposure to smoking and SH infection on bladder cancer risk among 902 cases and 804 population-based controls in Egypt.

The organotin coordination polymer [(n-Bu3Sn)4Fe(CN)6H2O] as effective catalyst towards the oxidative degradation of methylene blue.

The structure of the supramolecular coordination polymer SCP 1; [(n-Bu3Sn)4Fe(CN)6H2O] consists of octahedral [Fe(CN)6](4-) building blocks which are connected by the TBPY-5 configured n-Bu3Sn(CN..)2 fragments creating 3D-network structure.

Agricultural workers and urinary bladder cancer risk in Egypt.

The authors examined the associations between farming and the risk for squamous cell (SCC) or urothelial cell (UC) carcinoma of the urinary bladder among Egyptians. The authors used data from a multicenter case-control study (1,525 male and 315 female cases, and 2,069 male and 547 female age- and residence-matched, population-based controls) to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Men in farming and who never smoked had increased risk for either SCC or UC (AOR [95% CI]: 4.