Palpable Penile Metastases: A Bizarre Presentation of Rectal Adenocarcinoma.

Metastasis to the penis is an uncommon occurrence, with only about 370 cases reported in the literature to date. The majority of the primary tumors are genitourinary in origin. We report on a patient with undiagnosed disseminated rectal adenocarcinoma, who first presented with lesions of the corporal bodies.

Expression of core antigen of HCV genotype 3a and its evaluation as screening agent for HCV infection in Pakistan.

Background: Pakistan is facing a threat from hepatitis C infection which is increasing at an alarming rate throughout the country. More specific and sensitive screening assays are needed to timely and correctly diagnose this infection.

Methods: After RNA extraction from specimen (HCV-3a), cDNA was synthesized that was used to amplify full length core gene of HCV 3a.

Overexpression of the phytochrome B gene from Arabidopsis thaliana increases plant growth and yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum).

The phytochrome B (PHYB) gene of Arabidopsis thaliana was introduced into cotton through Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Integration and expression of PHYB gene in cotton plants were confirmed by molecular evidence. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in one of the transgenic lines, QCC11, was much higher than those of control and other transgenic lines.

Techniques for laparoscopic and robotic localization of intraluminal ureteral pathology.

Objectives: Improvements in endoscopic technology have made open ureteral surgery uncommon. There remain cases of ureteral disease not amenable to ureteroscopic treatment, but laparoscopy allows even these complicated cases to be treated in a minimally invasive fashion. Laparoscopic and robotic surgical treatment of the ureter requires the ability to localize the diseased segment laparoscopically, even when the defect is within the lumen and cannot be seen externally or palpated as in open surgery.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy for adrenocortical carcinoma: initial report and review of the literature.

We report the first robot-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy for adrenocortical carcinoma. This patient was referred to our center for extirpation of an incidentally discovered 8-cm adrenal mass. The patient underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Somatic embryogenesis in wild relatives of cotton (Gossypium Spp.).

Wild cotton species can contribute a valuable gene pool for agronomically desirable cultivated tetraploid cultivars. In order to exploit diploid cotton a regeneration system is required to achieve transformation based goals. The present studies aimed at optimizing the conditions for regeneration of local varieties as well as wild species of cotton.

The assessment and management of the dizzy patient.

A significant number of individuals are affected by symptoms of dizziness. It is the most common complaint among patients over 75 years of age. A large number of these patients seek counsel from their physicians.