Limited Availability and Readability of Spanish Language Patient Educational Material: A Review of the Nation's Top Children's Hospitals.

Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common congenital facial pathology that occurs at higher incidences in Hispanic communities. The authors analyzed the availability and readability of Spanish-written patient education materials (PEMs) on CL/P from top-ranking U.S.

Photosensitivity-Induced Pediatric Rash Following Surgery: A Case Study.

Photosensitivity is characterized by an abnormal skin reaction to light that causes various adverse skin reactions such as blistering, redness, and inflammation. Photosensitivity may also depend on the wavelength of the light as minor changes affect different layers of the skin. During surgical procedures, many different types of light are used with a range of wavelengths.

Distribution and Characteristics of Congenital Cardiac Surgery Centers within Bangladesh.

Congenital heart disease is a leading cause of non-communicable childhood death. This is especially true in nations with limited resources where shortages of skilled workforce, healthcare facilities, and essential equipment limit the ability to provide care. This retrospective study was designed to determine the volume and distribution of surgical care being provided to patients with congenital heart disease in Bangladesh, as well as to characterize the facilities providing such care.

Sourdough bread enriched with exopolysaccharides and gazpacho by-products modulates in vitro the microbiota dysbiosis.

Sourdough bread enriched with soluble fiber (by in-situ exopolysaccharides production) and insoluble fiber (by gazpacho by-products addition) showed prebiotic effects an in vitro dynamic colonic fermentation performance with obese volunteer's microbiota. Bifidobacterium population was maintained whereas Lactobacillus increased throughout the colonic sections. Conversely, Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridium groups clearly decreased.

Echocardiography to the Rescue in Adult-Onset Partial Shone Complex.

• Shone complex is a rare congenital disorder resulting in serial obstructive lesions. • Although often detected in childhood, partial Shone may present in adulthood. • Multimodality imaging may aid in the evaluation of different disease components.

Brain drain in pediatric anesthesiology: The geographic and demographic distribution of national origin among pediatric anesthesiologists in the United States.

Background: American pediatric anesthesiologists have a long history of international volunteerism. However, the US healthcare system also benefits from the contributions of a large number of physicians who come from other nations to work within its borders. Despite this fact, little is known about the contribution of international medical graduates (IMG) to the pediatric anesthesiology subspecialty.

A non-invasive method of microplastics pollution quantification in green sea turtle Chelonia mydas of the Mexican Caribbean.

Due to the amply exposure of marine turtles to marine plastic pollution, this is a reason that the green sea turtle Chelonia mydas makes a good candidate species as a bioindicator for plastic pollution. Turtle feces were collected at Isla Blanca on the northeast Caribbean coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Microplastic extraction was done following Hidalgo-Ruz et al.

US air pollution is associated with increased incidence of non-syndromic cleft lip/palate.

Unlabelled: Maternal cigarette use is associated with the fetal development of orofacial clefts. Air pollution should be investigated for similar causation. We hypothesize that the incidence of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCLP) and non-syndromic cleft palate (NSCP) would be positively correlated with air pollution concentration.

The social epidemiology of binge-eating disorder and behaviors in early adolescents.

Background: Binge-eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder phenotype and is linked to several negative health outcomes. Yet, little is known about the social epidemiology of BED, particularly in early adolescence. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and BED and binge-eating behaviors in a large, national cohort of 10-14-year-old adolescents in the United States (U.

Biomechanical Performance of Biodegradable Screw Fixation in Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis.

Internal distraction devices are commonly used in congenital micrognathia. The eventual need for device and screw removal can be challenging, requiring extensive dissection and disturbance of bone regenerate. Bioabsorbable poly-L-lactide (PLLA) screws, compared to traditional titanium screws, simplify device removal.

The Best Under Stress: An Analysis of Breast Tissue Expander Response to External Forces.

Background: The use of breast tissue expanders (TEs) in breast reconstruction is accompanied by undesired changes to the chest wall and lateral plane. Breast TEs are designed to create a naturally formed breast pocket by capitalizing on the ductile response of skin tissue; however, in practice, the use of expanders is accompanied by undesired changes to the chest wall and lateral plane.

Objectives: The authors of this study compared 3 comparably sized and commercially available breast TEs to assess the mechanical profile and functionality of each design.

Hyaluronidase Availability in Emergency Rooms: A Statewide Analysis.

Authors sought to determine the immediate availability of hyaluronidase (HYAL) among emergency rooms (ERs) in California. Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are regarded as a safe procedure; however, major ischemic complications do exist, notably blindness and tissue necrosis. The successful management of these vascular events relies on an injector's immediate HYAL, the enzymatic reversal agent for HA.

Industry Perspective on Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning in Pharmacovigilance.

TransCelerate reports on the results of 2019, 2020, and 2021 member company (MC) surveys on the use of intelligent automation in pharmacovigilance processes. MCs increased the number and extent of implementation of intelligent automation solutions throughout Individual Case Safety Report (ICSR) processing, especially with rule-based automations such as robotic process automation, lookups, and workflows, moving from planning to piloting to implementation over the 3 survey years. Companies remain highly interested in other technologies such as machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence, which can deliver a human-like interpretation of data and decision making rather than just automating tasks.

Consumption of Sourdough Breads Improves Postprandial Glucose Response and Produces Sourdough-Specific Effects on Biochemical and Inflammatory Parameters and Mineral Absorption.

To evaluate responses to different sourdough breads, six groups of rats were fed a conventional refined wheat bread with no sourdough content (C_WhB); a leavened spelt bread baked with Rebola sourdough (Re_SpB); a durum wheat bread with Rebola sourdough (Re_DuB); or a multigrain bread leavened with Rebola (Re_MGB), Carla (Ca_MGB), or San Francisco sourdough (SF_MGB). Compared to C_WhB-fed rats, Re_SpB-, Re_DuB-, and Re_MGB-fed animals showed lower postprandial blood glucose levels, whereas SF_MGB-fed rats displayed a decreased postprandial blood insulin response and glucose and insulin products. The 3 week intake of Ca_MGB decreased blood triacylglycerols and the relative apparent absorption (RAA) of Fe, Cu, and Zn, whereas Re_MGB-fed animals showed lower serum levels of the MCP-1 inflammatory marker and decreased the Fe RAA.

A new tool to sense pH changes at the neuromuscular junction synaptic cleft.

Synaptic transmission triggers transient acidification of the synaptic cleft. Recently, it has been shown that pH affects the opening of postsynaptic channels and therefore the production of tools that allow to study these behaviors should result of paramount value. We fused α-bungarotoxin, a neurotoxin derived from the snake Bungarus multicinctus that binds irreversibly to the acetylcholine receptor extracellular domain, to the pH sensitive GFP Super Ecliptic pHluorin, and efficiently expressed it in Pichia pastoris.

Collectins and galectins in the abomasum of goats susceptible and resistant to gastrointestinal nematode infection.

Originally described in cattle, conglutinin belongs to the collectin family and is involved in innate immune defense. It is thought that conglutinin provides the first line of defense by maintaining a symbiotic relationship with the microbes in the rumen while inhibiting inflammatory reactions caused by antibodies leaking into the bloodstream. Due to the lack of information on the similar lectins and sequence detection in goats, we characterized the goat conglutinin gene using RACE and evaluated the differences in its gene expression profile, as well as in the gene expression profiles for surfactant protein A, galectins 14 and 11, interleukin 4 and interferon-gamma in goats.

C-phycocyanin extraction assisted by pulsed electric field from Artrosphira platensis.

This paper assesses the application of pulsed electric fields (PEF) to the fresh biomass of Artrhospira platensis in order to enhance the extraction of C-phycocyanin into aqueous media. Electroporation of A. platensis depended on both electric field strength and treatment duration.

Assessing the efficacy of PEF treatments for improving polyphenol extraction during red wine vinifications.

Unlabelled: The influence of the electric field intensity and pulse width on the improvement of total polyphenol index (TPI) and colour intensity (CI) during extraction in an ethanolic solution (30%) and during fermentation-maceration has been investigated in different grape varieties: Grenache from two harvesting times, Syrah and Tempranillo. The aim of this study was to develop a procedure to establish the PEF treatment conditions that cause enough permeabilization in the skin cells of different grape varieties to obtain a significant improvement in the vinification process in terms of increment on the polyphenol content or reduction of maceration time. Results obtained in this investigation indicate that extraction of polyphenols in a solution of ethanol (30%) for 2 h could be a suitable procedure to know if the PEF technology is effective for improving extraction of polyphenols from the grapes during vinification and to determine the most suitable PEF treatment conditions to obtain this objective.

Microbiological aspects related to the feasibility of PEF technology for food pasteurization.

Processing unit operations that seek to inactivate harmful microorganisms are of primary importance in ascertaining the safety of food. The capability of pulsed electric fields (PEF) to inactivate vegetative cells of microorganisms at temperatures below those used in thermal processing makes this technology very attractive as a nonthermal pasteurization process for the food industry. Commercial exploitation of this technology for food pasteurization requires the identification of the most PEF-resistant microorganisms that are of concern to public health.

Inactivation of Salmonella spp. in liquid whole egg using pulsed electric fields, heat, and additives.

This paper evaluates the lethal effectiveness on 7 different Salmonella serovars of the application, in static and continuous conditions, of pulsed electric fields (PEF) followed by heat treatments in liquid whole egg (LWE) with additives (EDTA or triethyl citrate-TC-). Compared to heat treatments, the PEF (25 kV/cm and 75-100 kJ/kg) followed by heat (52°C/3.5', 55°C/2', or 60°C/1') in LWE with 2% TC permitted the reduction of heat treatment time from 92 fold at 52°C to 3.

Defining treatment conditions for pulsed electric field pasteurization of apple juice.

The influence of temperature and the presence of N(α)-lauroyl ethylester (ethyl lauroyl arginate, LAE) on the inactivation caused by continuous pulsed electric field treatments (PEF) in Escherichia coli O157:H7 suspended in apple juice have been investigated to define treatment conditions applicable at industrial scale that promote an equivalent safety level when compared with thermal processing. In the range of experimental conditions investigated (outlet temperature: 20-40 °C, electric field strength: 20-30 kV, treatment time: 5-125 μs) at outlet temperatures equal or lower than 55±1 °C, the inactivation of E. coli O157:H7 treated in apple juice ranged from 0.