Survival After Cancer Treatment at Top-Ranked US Cancer Hospitals vs Affiliates of Top-Ranked Cancer Hospitals.

Importance: Hospital networks formed around top-ranked cancer hospitals represent an opportunity to optimize complex cancer care in the community.

Objective: To compare the short- and long-term survival after complex cancer treatment at top-ranked cancer hospitals and the affiliates of top-ranked hospitals.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study was conducted using data from the unabridged version of the National Cancer Database.

Arterial hypertension and the risk of severity and mortality of COVID-19.

https://bit.ly/2Kr6Ax4

Correction: Direct therapeutic targeting of immune checkpoint PD-1 in pancreatic cancer.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

A neuroscientific evaluation of driver rehabilitation: Functional neuroimaging demonstrates the effectiveness of empathy induction in altering brain responses during social information processing.

An alarming number of traffic-related deaths occur each year on European roads alone. Figures reveal that the vast majority of road-traffic accidents are caused by drivers themselves, and so further improvements in road safety require developments in driver training and rehabilitation. This study evaluated a novel approach to driver rehabilitation-specifically, empathy induction as a means of changing attitudes towards risky driving.

Genetic Determinants Enabling Medium-Dependent Adaptation to Nafcillin in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing standards driving clinical decision-making have centered around the use of cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (CA-MHB) as the medium with the notion of supporting bacterial growth, without consideration of recapitulating the environment. However, it is increasingly recognized that various medium conditions have tremendous influence on antimicrobial activity, which in turn may have major implications on the ability of susceptibility assays to predict antibiotic activity To elucidate differential growth optimization and antibiotic resistance mechanisms, adaptive laboratory evolution was performed in the presence or absence of the antibiotic nafcillin with methicillin-resistant (MRSA) TCH1516 in either (i) CA-MHB, a traditional bacteriological nutritionally rich medium, or (ii) Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI), a medium more reflective of the host environment. Medium adaptation analysis showed an increase in growth rate in RPMI, but not CA-MHB, with mutations in , adenine phosphoribosyltransferase, and the manganese transporter subunit, , occurring reproducibly in parallel replicate evolutions.

Classification of the Molecular Defects Associated with Pathogenic Variants of the Creatine Transporter.

More than 80 loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in the creatine transporter (hCRT1) are responsible for cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome (CCDS), which gives rise to a spectrum of neurological defects, including intellectual disability, epilepsy, and autism spectrum disorder. To gain insight into the nature of the molecular defects caused by these mutations, we quantitatively profiled the cellular processing, trafficking, expression, and function of eight pathogenic CCDS variants in relation to the wild type (WT) and one neutral isoform. All eight CCDS variants exhibit measurable proteostatic deficiencies that likely contribute to the observed LOF.

[Hospital mortality and long-term survival of 103 patients with infective endocarditis requiring surgery].

Background Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious disease with high mortality, especially among the most severe cases undergoing surgery. Aim To analyze the clinical features, perioperative mortality and long-term survival of patients with infective endocarditis requiring surgery. Material and Methods Review of medical records of patients who underwent heart valve surgery for active infective endocarditis in a public hospital between 1995 and 2008.

Computational analyses on genetic alterations in the NSD genes family and the implications for colorectal cancer development.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent tumour throughout the world. CRC symptoms appear only in advanced stages causing decrease in survival of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to establish new strategies to detect CRC through subclinical screening.

Adherence to antihypertensive drug treatment in Argentina: A multicenter study.

Adherence to antihypertensive medication is an important challenge that doctors often face in the treatment of hypertension. Good adherence is crucial to prevent cardiovascular complications. In consequence, the present study aimed at determining the prevalence of adherence to antihypertensive treatment and identifying associated clinical variables.

Prevalence of viral load suppression, predictors of virological failure and patterns of HIV drug resistance after 12 and 48 months on first-line antiretroviral therapy: a national cross-sectional survey in Uganda.

Objectives: We implemented the WHO cross-sectional survey protocol to determine rates of HIV viral load (VL) suppression (VLS), and weighted prevalence, predictors and patterns of acquired drug resistance (ADR) in individuals with virological failure (VF) defined as VL ≥1000 copies/mL.

Methods: We enrolled 547 and 1064 adult participants on first-line ART for 12 (±3) months (ADR12) and ≥48 months (ADR48), respectively. Dried blood spots and plasma specimens were collected for VL testing and genotyping among the VFs.

Experiencing sexual harassment by males and associated substance use & poor mental health outcomes among adolescent girls in the US.

Purpose: Among a sample of adolescent girls, we assessed: 1) prevalence of sexual harassment by type, place of occurrence, and perpetrators; 2) association with substance use and poor mental health outcomes; and 3) the proportion of girls experiencing sexual harassment in and relation to study outcomes.

Methods: We collected survey data from 159 sexually active girls (aged 15-19 years) recruited from an urban health clinic in Southern California. We used multivariable regression models to assess associations between sexual harassment in the past 6 months and the following outcomes: 1) substance use in past 30 days (alcohol use, binge drinking, and marijuana use, respectively); 2) other drug use ever; and 3) feelings of depression and anxiety, respectively, in past 30 days.

Epicardial adipose tissue: A cardiovascular risk marker to evaluate in chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease represents a true inflammatory state, and is related to multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Coronary artery disease is the major complication, and has usually been associated with non-classical or uraemic related factors that include the disturbance of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, among others. Recent clinical evidence shows that specific body fat deposition like epicardial adipose tissue is an additional factor to consider when evaluating cardiovascular risk in the general population and kidney patients.

LEGO MINDSTORMS Fraction Collector: A Low-Cost Tool for a Preparative High-Performance Liquid Chromatography System.

Preparative high-performance liquid chromatographic (prep-HPLC) systems are used in many research schemes including purifying products from reaction mixtures, fractionating natural product extracts, and isolating compounds. Manual fraction collection from a prep-HPLC is a common method; however, it often lacks the reproducibility of automated fraction collectors due to human error. Automated fraction collectors for prep-HPLC systems can add thousands of dollars to the cost of prep-HPLC and are thus not always available to budgetary constrained research programs.

Influence of pulp on the microbial diversity during cupuassu fermentation.

Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum Schum) is a fruit belonging to the same genus as cocoa and, through seed fermentation, a chocolate-like product called "the cupulate" is obtained. The pulp is removed from the seeds before fermentation because its abundance hinders the process. Unlike cocoa, little is known about the microbial diversity involved in cupuassu fermentation.

Enzymatic Bioautographic Methods.

Enzymatic bioautography enables the detection of enzyme inhibitors absorbed on a thin-layer chromatography plate. Therefore, it is an assay format that is particularly useful for the detection of inhibitors present in complex mixtures. The inhibition properties of compounds separated by thin-layer chromatography can be directly analyzed to produce an inhibition profile.

-Glycosylation of mollusk hemocyanins contributes to their structural stability and immunomodulatory properties in mammals.

Hemocyanins are widely used as carriers, adjuvants, and nonspecific immunostimulants in cancer because they promote Th1 immunity in mammals. Hemocyanins also interact with glycan-recognizing innate immune receptors on antigen-presenting cells, such as the C-type lectin immune receptors mannose receptor (MR), macrophage galactose lectin (MGL), and the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), stimulating proinflammatory cytokine secretion. However, the role of -linked oligosaccharides on the structural and immunological properties of hemocyanin is unclear.

Drug-Induced Acute Pancreatitis in Adults: An Update.

Drug-induced acute pancreatitis (DIAP) is a rare entity that is often challenging for clinicians. The aim of our study was to provide updated DIAP classes considering the updated definition of acute pancreatitis (AP) and in light of new medications and new case reports. A MEDLINE search (1950-2018) of the English language literature was performed looking for all adult (≥17 years old) human case reports with medication/drug induced as the cause of AP.

Evaluation of ventricular-arterial coupling by impedance cardiography in healthy volunteers.

Background: The interplay between cardiac function and the arterial system is currently defined as ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC) and it is an expression of global cardiovascular efficiency. VAC involves a variety of complex interactions between the heart and the vasculature. A basic index of VAC is the ratio of effective arterial elastance (Ea)/ end-systolic elastance (Ees).

Relation of outbursts of anger and the acute risk of placental abruption: A case-crossover study.

Background: Roughly, a fourth of all placental abruption cases have an acute aetiologic underpinning, but the causes of acute abruption are poorly understood. Studies indicate that symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety during pregnancy may be associated with a higher risk of abruption.

Objective: We examined the rate of abruption in the 2 hours immediately following outbursts of anger.

The MOSEXY trial: mobile phone intervention for sexual health in youth-a pragmatic randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effect of a smartphone application on sexual health in youth in Stockholm, Sweden.

Unlabelled: An estimated 350 million cases of STIs occur globally each year. In Sweden, is the most common STI with approximately 30 000 cases annually, disproportionally affecting youth. National surveys report low condom use among youth.

Prevalence of isolated nocturnal hypertension according to 2018 European Society of Cardiology and European Society of Hypertension office blood pressure categories.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of isolated nocturnal hypertension (INH) and its relationships with office blood pressure (BP) categories defined by 2018 ESC/ESH guidelines.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in consecutive patients referred to perform an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for diagnosis or therapeutic purposes. Office BP measurements and ABPM were performed in the same visit.

Tranquility is a child with a full belly: Pathways linking food insecurity and maternal mental distress in Nicaragua.

A growing body of literature identifies food insecurity (FI) as a critical social determinant of mental health. Across settings, quantitative studies report positive correlations between FI and mental distress, especially among women. Less understood are the pathways by which FI undermines women's mental well-being.

Short Versus Conventional Pulse-Width Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Crossover Comparison.

Background: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is an effective therapy for selected Parkinson's disease patients with motor fluctuations, but can adversely affect speech and axial symptoms. The use of short pulse width (PW) has been shown to expand the therapeutic window acutely, but its utility in reducing side effects in chronic STN-DBS patients has not been evaluated.

Objective: To compare the effect of short PW settings using 30-μs with conventional 60-μs settings on stimulation-induced dysarthria in Parkinson's disease patients with previously implanted STN-DBS systems.