Validation of a Simplified Tissue-to-Reference Ratio Measurement Using SUVR to Assess Synaptic Density Alterations in Alzheimer Disease with [C]UCB-J PET.

Simplified methods of acquisition and quantification would facilitate the use of synaptic density imaging in multicenter and longitudinal studies of Alzheimer disease (AD). We validated a simplified tissue-to-reference ratio method using SUV ratios (SUVRs) for estimating synaptic density with [C]UCB-J PET. Participants included 31 older adults with AD and 16 with normal cognition.

Assessment of Gray Matter Microstructure and Synaptic Density in Alzheimer's Disease: A Multimodal Imaging Study With DTI and SV2A PET.

Objective: Multimodal imaging techniques have furthered our understanding of how different aspects of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology relate to one another. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures such as mean diffusivity (MD) may be a surrogate measure of the changes in gray matter structure associated with AD. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) has been used to quantify synaptic loss, which is the major pathological correlate of cognitive impairment in AD.

Principal component analysis of synaptic density measured with [C]UCB-J PET in early Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Synaptic loss is considered an early pathological event and major structural correlate of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We used principal component analysis (PCA) to identify regional patterns of covariance in synaptic density using [C]UCB-J PET and assessed the association between principal components (PC) subject scores with cognitive performance.

Methods: [C]UCB-J binding was measured in 45 amyloid + participants with AD and 19 amyloid- cognitively normal participants aged 55-85.

Association of olfaction dysfunction with brain microstructure in prodromal Parkinson disease.

Objective: Although olfaction dysfunction is now considered as an established clinical marker of prodromal Parkinson disease (PD), little is known about the neural underpinnings of olfaction dysfunction in the prodromal phase of PD. The aim of this study was to examine the microstructural association of olfaction in prodromal PD compared to early stage drug-naïve PD patients.

Methods: Diffusion MRI connectometry was conducted on 18 early PD and 17 prodromal PD patients to investigate the differences in group in terms of altered connectivity, i.

Cilostazol adjunctive therapy in treatment of negative symptoms in chronic schizophrenia: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cilostazol, a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase III, as an adjunctive to risperidone in alleviating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Methods: Eighty-four in-patients with diagnosis of chronic schizophrenia participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial and underwent 8 weeks of treatment with either cilostazol (50 mg twice a day) or placebo as an adjuvant to risperidone. Participants were assessed using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) at baseline and at weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8.

Effect of memantine combination therapy on symptoms in patients with moderate-to-severe depressive disorder: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

What Is Known And Objective: Current treatments for depressive disorders are far from optimum. This study was planned to evaluate possible antidepressant effects and safety of memantine, a selective N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, in humans.

Methods: Sixty-six outpatients with the diagnosis of moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder, based on DSM-V diagnostic criteria, were recruited to participate in a parallel, randomized, controlled trial.

Agomelatine as a Treatment for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder. Due to lack of response to the medication and significant side effects of the treatment with stimulants, alternative medications should be considered. The aim of this study is to evaluate efficacy of agomelatine in treatment of ADHD.

Riluzole combination therapy for moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Recent evidences suggest that glutamatergic dysregulation implicated in neural plasticity and cellular resilience may contribute to the pathophysiology of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Riluzole, which exerts its effect by targeting glutamate neurotransmission, has shown antidepressant effect in recent preclinical, observational and open label studies. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and tolerability of riluzole in patients with MDD.