Hyperhelianthemones A-D: Polycyclic polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinols from Hypericum helianthemoides.

Phytochemical investigation of the n-hexane-soluble fraction of the aqueous ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Hypericum helianthemoides (Spach) Boiss. (Hypericaceae), furnished four undescribed polycylic polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinols (PPBPs) 1-4, together with phytyl formate (5) and thirteen previously reported prenylated phloroglucinol derivatives, including yezo'otogirin C (6), hyperibrins A (7) and F (8), hyperibones G (9), J (10), La (11a)/Lb (11b), 7-epi-clusianone a (12a)/7-epi-clusianone b (12b), and hypermongones A (13), C (14), E (15), G (16), H (17), and sampsonione L (18). The structures of 1-4 were established by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectral analysis as well as HREI-MS.

, , and STD-NMR studies of flavonoids from (Spach) Boiss. against pteridine reductase 1 (PTR1).

Apigenin () and 3I,8II-biapigenin (), a dimer of apigenin, were isolated from the aerial parts of (Spach) Boiss. (Hypericaceae family). This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of flavonoids and against pteridine reductase-1 (PTR1), an essential enzyme for the growth of parasites and other trypanosomatid protozoa.

Germination under the dark as an efficient method to enrich barley hordatine aglycones and to prepare a hordatine-rich fraction.

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.; Poaceae), the second most important grain after wheat, contains phenolamides, specifically hordatines and their agmatinated precursors. Hordatines are the unique compounds found in barley, consumption of which is associated with beneficial effects for human health.

Insights into in vitro and in silico studies of α-glucosidase inhibitors isolated from the leaves of Grewia optiva (Malvaceae).

α-Glucosidase plays a critical role in glucose metabolism by breaking down complex carbohydrates into simpler sugars for intestinal absorption. Due to the side effects of current α-glucosidase inhibitors, there is increasing interest in exploring alternative therapeutic options. Inspired by the traditional uses of Grewia optiva J.

Identification of new potential inhibitors of pteridine reductase-1 (PTR1) via biophysical and biochemical mechanism-based approaches: Step towards the treatment of Leishmaniasis.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease, which spreads from the bite of an infected Phlebotomine fly to human hosts. The disease is characterized by a number of clinical manifestations, such as ulcerative lesions at the site of sandfly bite (cutaneous form), inflammation of mucosal membranes (mucosal leishmaniasis) or the deadly visceral form. This study was aimed to target pteridine reductase-1 (PTR1), a member of short chain dehydrogenases, which accounts for the reduction of conjugated and unconjugated pterins in Leishmania parasite.

A new labdane diterpenoid, and cytotoxicity, and protease inhibitory effects of phytochemicals from K. Koch leaves.

Cytotoxicity-guided purification of K. Koch leaves (Cupressaceae) led to the isolation of a new labdane diterpenoid, 3-(acetyloxy)-acetylisocupressic acid (), together with isocupressic acid (), 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl alcohol () and deoxypodophyllotoxin (). The chemical structures of were established by detailed 1D and 2D NMR, HRFAB-MS and LRESI-MS, as well as by comparing the spectral data with those reported in the literature.

Peptides from Marine-Derived Fungi: Chemistry and Biological Activities.

Marine natural products are well-recognized as potential resources to fill the pipeline of drug leads to enter the pharmaceutical industry. In this circumstance, marine-derived fungi are one of the unique sources of bioactive secondary metabolites due to their capacity to produce diverse polyketides and peptides with unique structures and diverse biological activities. The present review covers the peptides from marine-derived fungi reported from the literature published from January 1991 to June 2023, and various scientific databases, including Elsevier, ACS publications, Taylor and Francis, Wiley Online Library, MDPI, Springer, Thieme, Bentham, ProQuest, and the Marine Pharmacology website, are used for a literature search.

Oliveria decumbens Vent. (Apiaceae): Biological screening and chemical compositions.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Oliveria decumbens Vent. (Apiaceae), a single aromatic species in Iran, is traditionally used for healing inflammation, gastrointestinal disorders, and infections.

Aim Of The Study: Regarding the importance of O.

Pentaketides and 5--Hydroxyphenyl-2-pyridone Derivative from the Culture Extract of a Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus KUFA0732.

Five undescribed pentaketide derivatives, ()-6,8-dihydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3,4-dihydro-1-2-benzopyran-1-one (), [(3,4)-3,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-4,5-dimethyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1-isochromen-3-yl]methyl acetate (), ()-5, 7-dimethoxy-3-((-(1-hydroxyethyl)-3,4-dimethylisobenzofuran-1(3)-one (), ()-7-hydroxy-3-(()-1-hydroxyethyl)-5-methoxy-3,4-dimethylisobenzofuran 1(3)-one (), and a -hydroxyphenyl-2-pyridone derivative, avellaneanone (), were isolated together with the previously reported ()-3-acetyl-7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-3,4-dimethylisobenzofuran-1(3)-one (), ()-7-hydroxy-3-(()-1-hydroxyethyl)-5-methoxy-3,4-dimethylisobenzofuran-1(3)-one () and isosclerone (), from the ethyl acetate extract of a culture of a marine sponge-derived fungus, KUFA0732. The structures of the undescribed compounds were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR, as well as high-resolution mass spectral analyses. The absolute configurations of the stereogenic carbons in , , , and were established by X-ray crystallographic analysis.

New Hybrid Phenalenone Dimer, Highly Conjugated Dihydroxylated C Steroid and Azaphilone from the Culture Extract of a Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus, KUFA 1767.

An undescribed hybrid phenalenone dimer, talaropinophilone (), an unreported azaphilone, 7--pinazaphilone B (), an unreported phthalide dimer, talaropinophilide (), and an undescribed 9,15-dihydroxy-ergosta-4,6,8 (14)-tetraen-3-one () were isolated together with the previously reported bacillisporins A () and B (), an azaphilone derivative, Sch 1385568 (), 1-deoxyrubralactone (), acetylquestinol (), piniterpenoid D () and 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphthalaldehydic acid () from the ethyl acetate extract of the culture of a marine sponge-derived fungus, KUFA 1767. The structures of the undescribed compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR as well as high-resolution mass spectral analyses. The absolute configuration of C-9' of and was revised to be 9' using the coupling constant value between C-8' and C-9' and was confirmed by ROESY correlations in the case of .

Bioactive PI3-kinase/Akt/mTOR Inhibitors in Targeted Lung Cancer Therapy.

One of the central signaling pathways with a regulatory effect on cell proliferation and survival is Akt/mTOR. In many human cancer types, for instance, lung cancer, the overexpression of Akt/mTOR has been reported. For this reason, either targeting cancer cells by synthetic or natural products affecting the Akt/mTOR pathway down-regulation is a useful strategy in cancer therapy.

Benth. Ameliorates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats through the Antioxidant Pathways.

Methods: In this experimental study, 35 male Wistar rats (120-180 g) were divided into five groups ( = 7) as follows: intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (BLM, 7.5 IU/kg) was administered to group II. The third and fourth groups received BLM plus hydroalcoholic extract (SPHE) (300 mg/kg/day, gavage).

Curcumin-Based Nanoformulations: A Promising Adjuvant towards Cancer Treatment.

Throughout the United States, cancer remains the second leading cause of death. Traditional treatments induce significant medical toxic effects and unpleasant adverse reactions, making them inappropriate for long-term use. Consequently, anticancer-drug resistance and relapse are frequent in certain situations.

Anthraquinones and Their Analogues from Marine-Derived Fungi: Chemistry and Biological Activities.

Anthraquinones are an interesting chemical class of polyketides since they not only exhibit a myriad of biological activities but also contribute to managing ecological roles. In this review article, we provide a current knowledge on the anthraquinoids reported from marine-derived fungi, isolated from various resources in both shallow waters such as mangrove plants and sediments of the mangrove habitat, coral reef, algae, sponges, and deep sea. This review also tentatively categorizes anthraquinone metabolites from the simplest to the most complicated scaffolds such as conjugated xanthone-anthraquinone derivatives and bianthraquinones, which have been isolated from marine-derived fungi especially from the genera , , , , , , , , and other fungal strains.

Gemini Curcumin Suppresses Gastric Cancer AGS Cell Proliferation Through Modulation of and Genes.

Objectives: Gemini surfactant nanocurcumin (Gemini-Cur) is a novel formulation of Curcumin (Cur) with dramatic suppressive effects on cancer cells. Here, we investigated the cancer effects of Gemini-Cur in a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell-line (AGS) through the evaluation of the expression of long non-coding RNAs colon cancer-associated transcript-2 () and its downstream as known oncogenic modulators of tumorigenesis.

Materials And Methods: The AGS cells were treated with Gemini-Cur and pure Cur in a time- and dose-dependent manner.

Uncommon Terpenoids from Species: Chemistry, Biosynthesis and Biological Activities.

The search for new bioactive compounds from plant sources has been and continues to be one of the most important fields of research in drug discovery. However, Natural Products research has continuously evolved, and more and more has gained a multidisciplinary character. Despite new developments of methodologies and concepts, one intriguing aspect still persists, i.

Apoptotic Effect of Gemini Curcumin on MDA-MB-468 Breast Cancer Cell Line.

Background: Gemini Curcumin (Gemini-Cur) is the latest nanoformulation of curcumin with a significant apoptotic effect on cancer cell lines.

Objective: This in vitro study aims to evaluate the apoptotic effects of Gemini-Cur toward MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell lines and further the related mechanism of apoptosis.

Methods: The cytotoxicity of Gemini-Cur toward MDA-MB-468 cell lines was tested using MTT assay.

Effects of on Metabolic Profiles in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Clinical Trials.

Background: Several studies have investigated the effect of Urtica dioica (UD) consumption on metabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, the findings are inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials were performed to summarize the evidence of the effects of UD consumption on metabolic profiles in patients with T2DM.

Methods: Eligible studies were retrieved from searches of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases until December 2019.

Marine-Derived Compounds with Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Activities.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible and progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, and, eventually, the ability to perform simple tasks. As the aging population continues to increase exponentially, AD has become a big concern for society. Therefore, neuroprotective compounds are in the spotlight, as a means to tackle this problem.

Natural Products from Medicinal Plants with Anti-Human Coronavirus Activities.

Since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019, COVID-19 has spread to all the continents at an unprecedented pace. This pandemic has caused not only hundreds of thousands of mortalities but also a huge economic setback throughout the world. Therefore, the scientific communities around the world have focused on finding antiviral therapeutic agents to either fight or halt the spread of SARS-CoV-2.

Allium hooshidaryae (Alliaceae); Chemical compositions, biological and ethnomedicine uses.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Allium hooshidaryae (sect. Pseudoprason) is a wild plant in northwestern Iran. The plant is traditionally used, besides as spice, also for its medicinal properties.

Dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins from Salvia russellii Benth.

Three undescribed dammarane-type saponins, russelliinosides A-C, together with a common sterol (β-sitosterol), an abietane diterpenoid (18-hydroxyferruginol), two oleane triterpenoids (daturaolone and oleanolic acid), an ursane triterpenoid (ursolic acid) as well as three 5-hydroxyflavones (cirsimaritin, eupatorin, and salvigenin) were isolated from a dichloromethane extract of the aerial parts of Salvia russellii Benth. The chemical structures of the aforementioned compounds were characterized, using detailed spectroscopic analyses, including high-resolution mass spectrometry and 1D and 2D NMR (H-H COSY, TOCSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY) spectroscopy as well as physicochemical properties. Cytotoxic effects of S.

Effects of Citrullus colocynthis L. in a rat model of diabetic neuropathy.

Objective: This study investigated the biochemical, histopathological and physiological effects of Citrullus colocynthis on peripheral neuropathy in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes.

Methods: Seventy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were included in the present study. Diabetes was induced in 60 rats, with a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg).

Antimicrobial Survey of Local Herbal Drugs against Isolated from Patients Admitted to a Level-I Trauma Center.

Objective: To determine the antimicrobial activity and entity of several local herbal plants against isolated from trauma patients admitted to a Level-I trauma center.

Methods: The antibacterial activities of the oil and someselected Iranian medicinal plants ( and belonging to the Asteraceae/Compositae; and belonging to the Lamiaceae/Labiatae) were assayed on by microdilution and agar disc diffusion methods. Having obtained the acceptable antibacterial data, the shade-dried aerial parts of the plants were extracted by hydrodistillation method using Clevenger apparatus according to European pharmacopeia for 3 h.

Isolation, spectroscopic characterization, X-ray, theoretical studies as well as in vitro cytotoxicity of Samarcandin.

Samarcandin 1, a natural sesquiterpene-coumarin, was isolated as well as elucidated from F. assa-foetida which has significant effect in Iranian traditional medicine because of its medicinal attitudes. The crystal structure of samarcandin was determined by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis.