Mammographic density in a multiethnic cohort.

Objectives: To compare mammographic density among premenopausal and early perimenopausal women from four racial/ethnic groups and to examine density and acculturation among Japanese and Chinese women.

Design: The study included 391 white, 60 African American, 171 Japanese, and 179 Chinese participants in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, a multisite study of US women transitioning through menopause. Mammograms done when women were premenopausal or early perimenopausal were assessed for area of dense breast tissue and the percent of the breast occupied by dense tissue (percent density).

Mammographic density and breast cancer after ductal carcinoma in situ.

Women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are at substantially increased risk for a second breast cancer, but few strong predictors for these subsequent tumors have been identified. We used Cox regression modeling to examine the association between mammographic density at diagnosis of DCIS of 504 women from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-17 trial and risk of subsequent breast cancer events. In this group of patients, mostly 50 years old or older, approximately 6.

Secular stability and reliability of measurements of the percentage of dense tissue on mammograms.

Elevated mammographic density is associated with increased risk of breast cancer. We conducted a reliability study on mammographic density assessments to determine their potential usefulness for projecting individual breast cancer risk. We used baseline screening mammograms from 7251 women in the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP).

Mammographic density and breast cancer in three ethnic groups.

The extent of radiodense tissue on a mammogram (mammographic densities) is strongly associated with breast cancer risk among (non-Latina) white women, but few data exist for African-American and Asian-American women. We collected prediagnostic mammograms from 622 breast cancer patients and 443 control subjects ages 35-64 years from three different ethnic groups (whites, African Americans, and Asian Americans) who participated as cases and controls in one of two ongoing breast cancer studies. Percent and absolute mammographic density were assessed using a previously validated computer-assisted method.

Genetic determinants of mammographic density.

Background: Changes in breast density are highly correlated with steroid hormone exposure.

Materials And Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 396 Caucasian and African-American women, we evaluated whether polymorphisms in genes involved in steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism, CYP17 (T27C), COMT (Val158Met), 17HSDB1 (Ser312Gly) and 3HSDB1 (Asn367Thr), predict mammographic density. We also evaluated whether associations vary by menopausal and hormone replacement therapy status.

Effects of mammographic density and benign breast disease on breast cancer risk (United States).

Background: Having either a history of benign breast disease, particularly atypical hyperplasia or extensive mammographic breast density, is associated with increased breast cancer risk. Previous studies have described an association between benign breast disease histology and breast density. However, whether these features measure the same risk, or are independent risk factors, has not been addressed.

The detection of changes in mammographic densities.

We previously reported reductions in mammographic densities in women participating in a trial of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHA)-based regimen for breast cancer prevention. In our previous report, we compared (by simultaneous evaluation) three basic elements of mammographic densities. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether a standard (expert) method of measuring mammographic densities would detect such changes in densities and whether a novel nonexpert computer-based threshold method could do so.

Mammographic features and breast cancer risk: effects with time, age, and menopause status.

Background: Mammographic images from women with a high proportion of epithelial and stromal breast tissues are described as showing high-density parenchymal patterns. Most past studies that noted an increase in breast cancer risk associated with mammographic parenchymal patterns showing high density either 1) lacked information on other breast cancer risk factors, 2) were too small, or 3) included insufficient follow-up time to adequately resolve persisting doubts whether mammographic features are "independent" measures of breast cancer risk and not a detection artifact.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to evaluate the associations between mammographic features and other breast cancer risk factors and 2) to assess effects of mammographic features on breast cancer risk by time, age, and menopause status.

Mammographic densities and risk of breast cancer.

To determine the relation of mammographic densities to subsequent breast cancer risk, a case-control study was undertaken using prediagnostic mammograms of screening program participants. Mammograms of cases (n = 266) and controls (n = 301) were blindly assessed for mammographic densities, which were measured by planimetry. The odds of breast cancer increased steadily with increasing breast density (test for trend, P less than 0.

Mammographic parenchymal patterns as indicators of breast cancer risk.

Mammographic parenchymal patterns have been suggested as indicators of breast cancer risk. However, few well-controlled studies have used prediagnostic mammograms to determine the pattern classification. The authors studied 266 cases of breast cancer and 301 controls from 25 screening centers of the Breast Cancer Detection and Demonstration Project, a nationwide screening program conducted between 1973 and 1980 to evaluate the risk associated with mammographic patterns using mammograms taken four years before the detection of breast cancer.

Xeroradiography of the breast: overview of 21,057 consecutive cases.

Xeroradiography was performed on 21,057 new patients referred over a 5 1/2-year period. For purposes of analysis, mammograms reported as "benign" or "follow-up suggested" were considered negative and those reported as "suspicious" or "strongly suggestive of cancer" were considered positive. All patients were followed up for 12 months.

Mammographic parenchymal patterns and quantitative evaluation of mammographic densities: a case-control study.

The classification of breast parenchymal patterns (N1, P1, P2, DY) and the percentage of the breast containing radiographic densities are two highly correlated radiographic measures proposed as predictors of the risk of breast cancer. In this case-control study, 160 cases of breast cancer and 160 matched controls from a mammography referral practice were compared to determine the risk of breast cancer associated with each of these two radiographic measures. The mammographic densities were quantified on caudal projections by means of a compensating polar planimeter.

Breast parenchymal patterns: analysis of 332 incident breast carcinomas.

A detailed analysis of 332 incident breast carcinomas is presented. The study results indicate that there is validity to the breast parenchymal patterns as an indication of risk for developing breast cancer and that risk is independent of length of follow-up and age of patient. All cases were drawn from a referral-type practice at Hutzel Hospital, Detroit, MI.

Familial influences on breast parenchymal patterns.

Some studies accomplished thus far have indicated that mammographic patterns may serve as risk indices for breast cancer. The present investigation was undertaken to determine whether patterns are familial. Mammograms from 110 mothers and their daughters and 122 sister pairs and a like number of unrelated controls matched for patient age, reproductive history, and personal and family history of breast cancer and drawn from the files of the Radiology Department of Hutzel Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, were compared.