[Determination of colon resection limits in diverticulosis].

Results of surgical treatment of 112 patients with colon diverticulosis are analyzed. It is established that during operation it is necessary to perform such scope of resection which permits to create anastomosis between colon parts without their discoordination. The risk of complications from anastomosis decreases to 3.

[Proximal colostomy in multistage treatment of complicated colonic diverticulosis].

On the basis of experience in surgical treatment of 128 patients with colonic diverticulosis who had a proximal colostoma which was formed earlier for acute complications of the process, it is shown that colostomy is inadequate as an independent method for the management of complicated diverticulosis. Resection or exteriorization of the involved segment of the large intestine is necessary in such cases. The formation of entero-enterostomy is hazardous and inexpedient in that event.

[Treatment methods in colonic diverticulosis].

The authors had 662 patients with diverticulosis of the colon under observation. Nonoperative treatment for clinically manifested diverticulosis was undertaken in 226 patients. A good effect was produced in 82.

[Congenital angiodysplasias of the large intestine].

Angiodysplasia is a rare disease of the intestinal vessels. One of its types is the congenital form (so-called hemangioma or vascular hamartoma) which is mostly encountered at young age. Forty-eight patients with congenital forms of angiodysplasia of the large intestine were treated at the Scientific Research Institute of Proctology, RF Ministry of Health, beginning from 1962.

[The restoration of the natural intestinal passage after Hartmann's operation in a short stump of the rectum].

Analysis showed restorative-reconstructive operations in patients who underwent Hartmann's operation with preservation of a short rectal stump to be technically difficult and injurious interventions. The interventions must be undertaken only after complete removal of the causes of suppuration of the colostomy in a patient whose condition is satisfactory. The degree of the cicatricial process in the pelvis and the method of the colorectal anastomosis formation essentially influence the results of the restorative-reconstructive operations.

[Surgical treatment of recto-vaginal fistulas].

The article discusses 15-year experience in the treatment of 280 patients with various forms of rectovaginal fistulas. The choice of the operative method was differentiated on basis of complex appraisal of the etiology of the disease, pronouncement of the cicatricial and inflammatory changes, the level of the communication, relation of the fistula to the sphincter ani, and the functional condition of the rectal obturator apparatus. Most of the patients were subjected to combined interventions--excision of the fistula and local myoplasty (62%).

[Restoration of natural intestinal passage after Hartmann's operation].

From 1972 to 1988 restorative operations were carried out at the Institute of Proctology on 252 patients after resection of the colon by Hartmann's technique. Analysis showed that restoration of natural intestinal passage after Hartmann's operation for resection of the colon is a complex and dangerous surgical intervention. When undertaking such intervention, the surgeon should take into account not only the patient's wish to be relieved from the colostomy, but also correct appraisal of the possibility of accomplishing the restorative operation from the standpoint of the patients' somatic condition, the technical conditions for restoration of intestinal continuity, and his own professional possibilities.

[Immediate results of combined treatment of cancer of the colon using intensive methods of preoperative radiotherapy].

Combined treatment with the use of intensive methods of preoperative radiotherapy was carried out in 41 patients with malignant tumors of the colon. Study of the specific features of the accomplished surgical interventions and the postoperative management of patients showed that short courses of irradiation on a betatron with energy of 25 MeV, given in 5 daily exposures to a total basic dose of 20 Gy or a single exposure to a basic dose of 7.5 Gy had no unfavourable effect on the performance of the operation and the patients' condition in the postoperative period.

[The diagnosis of perifocal inflammation in cancer of the colon].

The study discusses the experience gained with application of a complex of methods for early diagnosis of perifocal inflammation in 50 patients with cancer of the colon. Endoscopic, roentgenologic and radionuclide (using 67Ga citrate) methods were mainly employed. Perifocal inflammation was established in 38 (76%) patients.

[Locally disseminated cancer of the sigmoid colon].

The study discusses the experience of treatment of 207 patients with locally-advanced cancer of the sigmoid colon who made up 13.5% of the total number of cases of cancer of this site seen in the clinic in 1972-1990. Radical surgery was performed in 170 (82.

[Cancer of the right half of the colon: clinical aspects, diagnosis and immediate results of surgical treatment].

Carcinoma of the right half of the colon (CRHC) is diagnosed in 21-35% of patients with colorectal carcinomas. The Research Institute of Proctology of the RSFSR Ministry of Health has an experience with treatment of 338 patients with CRHC. Most of them (84.

[Total diverticulosis of the large intestine, complicated by ischemic colitis with development of multiple inflammatory polyps].

One observation of total colon diverticulosis in a male of 62 is described. Clinical signs (abdominal pains, blood in faeces, vomiting) persisted for 7 years and was aggravated by ileus. Instrumental examination revealed multiple colon diverticula, stenosing villous tumour of sigmoid colon.

[Fistulous atresia of the distal part of the rectum in adults].

Based on an analysis of the surgical treatment of 19 adult patients with atresia of the anal canal with a fistula into the vagina or perineum, not operated for this disease in their childhood the author has established specific indications for their treatment. The adequate choice of the method of operation with special reference to anatomical features of the developmental defect and complications resulting from its long existence is responsible for success of the treatment.