Age-related alterations in functional connectivity patterns during working memory encoding of emotional items.

Previous findings indicate age-related differences in frontal-amygdala connectivity during emotional processing. However, direct evidence for age differences in brain functional activation and connectivity during emotional processing and concomitant behavioral implications is lacking. In the present study, we examined the impact of aging on the neural signature of selective attention to emotional information during working memory (WM) encoding.

Pattern of triple negative epithelial ovarian cancer in indigenous African women.

Triple negative epithelial ovarian cancer (TNEOC)  refers to ovarian carcinomas that do not express estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor- type 2 (HER-2/neu).  The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of triple negative epithelial ovarian cancer in indigenous African women. : We performed a retrospective review of ER, PR and HER-2/neu expression in 90 Nigerian patients with histologically diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer.

Structural but not functional neuroplasticity one year after effective cognitive behaviour therapy for social anxiety disorder.

Effective psychiatric treatments ameliorate excessive anxiety and induce neuroplasticity immediately after the intervention, indicating that emotional components in the human brain are rapidly adaptable. Still, the interplay between structural and functional neuroplasticity is poorly understood, and studies of treatment-induced long-term neuroplasticity are rare. Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (using 3T MRI) was performed in 13 subjects with social anxiety disorder on 3 occasions over 1year.

Differential effects of total and partial sleep deprivation on salivary factors in Wistar rats.

Objective: Aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation on salivary factors in rats.

Design: Animals were randomly assigned into three groups of 6 animals each as control, total sleep deprivation (TSD) and partial sleep deprivation (PSD) groups. The multiple platform method was used to induce partial and total sleep deprivation for 7days.

Climate change in Lagos state, Nigeria: what really changed?

Our study revealed periodicities of 2.3 and 2.25 years in wet and dry seasons and periodicities of 2 to 5 years on seasonal and annual timescales.

Central nervous system tumours in children in Ibadan, Nigeria: a histopathologic study.

Introduction: Contrary to some earlier teachings that central nervous system (CNS) tumours are uncommon in black children, these neoplasms are the fourth most common paediatric tumours in Ibadan. Our centre is the major referral centre for CNS tumours in Nigeria. The last major study of paediatric CNS neoplasms from Ibadan was in 1985.

Longitudinal Evidence for Dissociation of Anterior and Posterior MTL Resting-State Connectivity in Aging: Links to Perfusion and Memory.

Neuroimaging studies of spontaneous signal fluctuations as measured by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging have revealed age-related alterations in the functional architecture of brain networks. One such network is located in the medial temporal lobe (MTL), showing structural and functional variations along the anterior-posterior axis. Past cross-sectional studies of MTL functional connectivity (FC) have yielded discrepant findings, likely reflecting the fact that specific MTL subregions are differentially affected in aging.

Childhood ovarian neoplasms in Ibadan, South-western Nigeria.

Background: Childhood ovarian neoplasms are very rare. Little information is available on the relative pattern and frequency of these tumors in Nigerian children. Earlier study done in Ibadan involved ovarian neoplasms in children and adolescents.

Dopamine D2 receptor availability is linked to hippocampal-caudate functional connectivity and episodic memory.

D1 and D2 dopamine receptors (D1DRs and D2DRs) may contribute differently to various aspects of memory and cognition. The D1DR system has been linked to functions supported by the prefrontal cortex. By contrast, the role of the D2DR system is less clear, although it has been hypothesized that D2DRs make a specific contribution to hippocampus-based cognitive functions.

The health of temporary foreign workers in Canada: A scoping review.

Objectives: Temporary foreign workers contribute to economic prosperity in Canada, but they experience forms of structural inequities and have minimal rights, which can contribute to their ill health. The objective of this scoping review is to examine the extent, range and nature of the Canadian literature on the health of temporary foreign workers and their families in Canada.

Methods: The review was guided by Arksey and O'Malley's five stages for conducting a scoping review.

Lung cancer awareness and anticipated delay before seeking medical help in the middle-belt population of Nigeria.

Setting: Ilorin metropolis in the middle-belt region of Nigeria.

Objectives: To determine the awareness about warning signs and risk factors for lung cancer and the anticipated delay before seeking medical care in the middle-belt population of Nigeria.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study performed among 1125 adults.

[A cervical necrotizing cellulitis revealing a Lemierre syndrome].

Introduction: Lemierre syndrome is characterized by a septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) following an oropharyngeal infection.

Case Report: We report a case of Lemierre syndrome that occurred in a context of angina and necrotizing cellulitis of the neck in a 45-year-old patient. The Doppler ultrasound exam of the neck vessels and a neck CT showed an IJV thrombophlebitis.

[Harlequin syndrome in a melanoderm patient].

Introduction: Harlequin's syndrome is a neurological disorder due to a dysfunction of the sympathetic innervation of the face. It has been rarely reported in the literature. The authors report one case occurring in a melanoderm patient.

Diagnostic accuracy of tru-cut biopsy of breast lumps at University College Hospital, Ibadan.

Background: Tru-cut needle biopsies form an integral part of Triple assessment of breast cancer and include clinical assessment, mammography and core needle biopsy. No study has been done to evaluate the validity of the procedure in our environment. This study was done to evaluate the validity of core needle biopsies in our centre.

Genetics of structural connectivity and information processing in the brain.

Understanding the genetic factors underlying brain structural connectivity is a major challenge in imaging genetics. Here, we present results from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of whole-brain white matter (WM) fractional anisotropy (FA), an index of microstructural coherence measured using diffusion tensor imaging. Data from independent GWASs of 355 Swedish and 250 Norwegian healthy adults were integrated by meta-analysis to enhance power.

Neuroplasticity in response to cognitive behavior therapy for social anxiety disorder.

Patients with anxiety disorders exhibit excessive neural reactivity in the amygdala, which can be normalized by effective treatment like cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). Mechanisms underlying the brain's adaptation to anxiolytic treatments are likely related both to structural plasticity and functional response alterations, but multimodal neuroimaging studies addressing structure-function interactions are currently missing. Here, we examined treatment-related changes in brain structure (gray matter (GM) volume) and function (blood-oxygen level dependent, BOLD response to self-referential criticism) in 26 participants with social anxiety disorder randomly assigned either to CBT or an attention bias modification control treatment.

Physical activity over a decade modifies age-related decline in perfusion, gray matter volume, and functional connectivity of the posterior default-mode network-A multimodal approach.

One step toward healthy brain aging may be to entertain a physically active lifestyle. Studies investigating physical activity effects on brain integrity have, however, mainly been based on single brain markers, and few used a multimodal imaging approach. In the present study, we used cohort data from the Betula study to examine the relationships between scores reflecting current and accumulated physical activity and brain health.

Comparison of Parental Satisfaction with Three Tooth-Colored Full-Coronal Restorations in Primary Maxillary Incisors.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the parental satisfaction among resin composite strip crown, preveneered stainless steel crown (PVSSC) and the newly introduced pre-fabricated primary zirconia crown for restoring maxillary primary incisors.

Study Design: A prospective clinical study on 39 children with carious or traumatized primary maxillary incisors. They were randomly and equally distributed in three groups and received one of the full-coronal restorations.

Post-embolization syndrome as an early predictor of overall survival after transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the most common treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Post-embolization syndrome (PES) is a common post-TACE complication. The goal of this study was to evaluate PES as an early predictor of the long-term outcome.

[Sinonasal mucormycosis revealed by a necrotic velar ulceration].

Introduction: Mucormycosis is a deep mycosis which has been spreading out in recent years. It is still poorly understood and poorly described in sub-Saharan Africa. The authors report a case of sinonasal localization, of fatal evolution and late diagnosis in a young child.

Features and Outcome of Surgical Management of Spinal Tumors in a Cohort of Nigerian Patients.

Objective: There is a dearth of information on operated cases of spinal tumors in patients in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the histologic pattern, anatomic distribution, and extent and outcome of surgery of Nigerian patients with spinal tumors.

Methods: This retrospective study comprised a cohort of Nigerians who underwent surgery for spinal tumors.

[Post-dental extraction tetanus. About an observation].

Unlabelled: The authors report a case of tetanus diagnosed in the aftermath of tooth extraction, in the absence of any other front door.

Observation: A patient showed a persistent trismus several days after the extraction of tooth 38 performed at the dental office. The diffusion of tension and the appearance of paroxysms allowed the diagnosis of tetanus.

The age effect in increasing operative mortality following delay in elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Background: Elective repair of large abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) is associated with the risk of significant perioperative mortality. When abdominal aneurysm repair is delayed, patients with asymptomatic large AAAs face the risk of death from rupture. In addition to the risk of rupture, the advancing age of the patients adds a future operative risk.