Genetic analysis reveals the genetic diversity and zoonotic potential of Streptococcus dysgalactiae isolates from sheep.

Streptococcus dysgalactiae (S. dysgalactiae ) is a common pathogen of humans and various animals. However, the phylogenetic position of animal S.

Increased Motility in and Changes in Its Virulence, Fitness, and Morphology Following Protein Expression on Ribosomes with Altered RsmA Methylation.

Infection with is the major cause of human gastroenteritis in the United States and Europe, leading to debilitating autoimmune sequelae in many cases. While considerable progress has been made in detailing the infectious cycle of , a full understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for virulence remains to be elucidated. Here, we apply a novel approach by modulating protein expression on the pathogen's ribosomes by inactivating a highly conserved rRNA methyltransferase.

Should We Consider Them as a Threat? Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Potential and Genetic Diversity of spp. Isolated from Varsovian Dogs.

Campylobacteriosis seems to be a growing problem worldwide. Apart from the most common sources of numerous species, such as poultry and other farm animals, dogs may be an underrated reservoir of this pathogen. Our goal was to establish the frequency of occurrence, antimicrobial resistance, and detection of chosen virulence factor genes in genomes of canine isolates.

RAPD-PCR-Based Fingerprinting Method as a Tool for Epidemiological Analysis of Infections.

In this study, a Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR) method for genetic typing of , an opportunistic bacterial pathogen, was designed. The method optimization was performed for 37 clinical strains isolated from various infections in different animal species. Optimal conditions for reliable and reproducible DNA fingerprinting were determined according to the modified Taguchi method.

Virulence Factors Identified by Modulating Their Synthesis on Ribosomes With Altered rRNA Methylation.

is a major cause of food poisoning worldwide, and remains the main infective agent in gastroenteritis and related intestinal disorders in Europe and the USA. As with all bacterial infections, the stages of adhesion to host tissue, survival in the host and eliciting disease all require the synthesis of proteinaceous virulence factors on the ribosomes of the pathogen. Here, we describe how virulence is attenuated by altering the methylation of its ribosomes to disrupt the composition of its proteome, and how this in turn provides a means of identifying factors that are essential for infection and pathogenesis.

New Determinants of Aminoglycoside Resistance and Their Association with the Class 1 Integron Gene Cassettes in .

is an important opportunistic animal pathogen. Different antimicrobials, including aminoglycosides, are used to treat infections. The aim of the present study was to evaluate aminoglycoside susceptibility and to detect aminoglycoside resistance determinants in 86 isolates of different origin.

Virulence properties of Campylobacter jejuni are enhanced by displaying a mycobacterial TlyA methylation pattern in its rRNA.

Campylobacter jejuni is a bacterial pathogen that is generally acquired as a zoonotic infection from poultry and animals. Adhesion of C. jejuni to human colorectal epithelial cells is weakened after loss of its cj0588 gene.

Evaluation of selected phenotypic features among Campylobacter sp. strains of animal origin.

A total of 43 Campylobacter isolates from poultry, cattle and pigs were investigated for their ability to form biofilm. The studied strains were also screened for motility, adhesion and invasion of Caco-2 cells as well as extracellular DNase activity. The relation between biofilm formation and selected phenotypes was examined.

Biofilm Formation and Motility Are Promoted by Cj0588-Directed Methylation of rRNA in .

Numerous bacterial pathogens express an ortholog of the enzyme TlyA, which is an rRNA 2'--methyltransferase associated with resistance to cyclic peptide antibiotics such as capreomycin. Several other virulence traits have also been attributed to TlyA, and these appear to be unrelated to its methyltransferase activity. The bacterial pathogen possesses the TlyA homolog Cj0588, which has been shown to contribute to virulence.

The Cj0588 protein is a Campylobacter jejuni RNA methyltransferase.

TlyA proteins belong to 2'-O-methyltransferases. Methylation is a common posttranscriptional RNA modification. The Campylobacter jejuni Cj0588 protein belongs to the TlyA(I) protein family and is a rRNA methyltransferase.

Influence of mutation in cj0183 and cj0588 genes for colonization abilities of Campylobacter jejuni in Caco-2 cells using confocal laser scanning microscope.

The cj0183 and cj0588 genes identified in the Campylobacter jejuni NCTC 11168 genome encode proteins with homology to virulence factors found in other bacteria. Previous studies showed that single mutation in the cj0183 gene does not affect adhesion of C. jejuni to the Caco-2 cell line whereas protein encoded by cj0588 is involved in adherence to the Caco-2 cells.

The first description of gastric Helicobacter in free-ranging wild boar (Sus scrofa) from Poland.

Specimens of gastric mucosa of 17 free-ranging wild boars (Sus scrofa) shot in the Central Poland during 2007/2008 hunting season were investigated for the presence of Helicobacter species. Histopathology, Helicobacter genus-specific 16S rRNA PCR, and DNA sequence analysis were employed. In PCR analysis the presence of Helicobacter's DNA was detected in one stomach.

Resistance to antimicrobial agents of Campylobacter spp. strains isolated from animals in Poland.

A total of 69 Campylobacter jejuni and 16 Campylobacter coli strains isolated from chicken, dog and pig stool samples were characterized based on their resistance to five antimicrobial agents and on plasmid pTet profiles. Antimicrobials used in this study were: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Among the isolates studied, 91.

Strategies of constructing recombinant vaccines.

Vaccines are the most effective prophylactic tool in veterinary medicine. Despite the great success of many vaccines used currently, there is still a constant need for their improvement. An ideal vaccine should contain a variety of immunogens, be safe and efficacious and induce broad humoral and cell-mediated immunity with one or, at most, two administrations given orally rather than by injection, and should be inexpensive.

Functional analysis of the Campylobacter jejuni cj0183 and cj0588 genes.

The cj0183 and cj0588 genes identified in the Campylobacter jejuni NCTC 11168 genome encode proteins with amino acid sequences predicted to be homologous to other bacterial hemolysins. The Cj0183 protein exhibits homology to Brachyspira hyodysenteriae TlyC protein, whereas the cj0588 gene product is homologous to TlyA proteins Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Helicobacter pylori, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which play a crucial role in bacterial virulence. The aim of our work was to examine the hemolytic activity and determine the role of cj0183- and cj0588-encoded proteins on the adherence of chosen C.