Altered mitochondrial DNA copy number in cervical exfoliated cells among high‑risk HPV‑positive and HPV‑negative women.

The majority of cervical cancer cases are due to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, certain cases of cervical cancer are not caused by HPV. Recent studies have shown a link between altered mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, an indicative measure of mitochondrial dysfunction, and cervical cancer in women who test positive for HPV.

Patterns of drug overdose deaths in Kuwait from 2014 to 2018.

Background: Kuwait is an Arabian Gulf couFntry with a population of around 4.4 million as of 2020. In recent years, government based news agencies have commonly exposed drug smuggling plots that were foiled by local authorities.

Early initiation of insulin attenuates histological and functional changes in the liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using Tc-sulfur colloid functional imaging.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of insulin on the reticuloendothelial system (RES) in the liver and spleen in diabetic rats. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into control, diabetic rats (DM) and diabetic rats treated with insulin (IDM) for 2 weeks. Rats were imaged with technetium-99m-sulfur colloid (Tc-SC) tracer to determine regional distributions of the tracer for all groups by drawing regions of interest and then obtained the ratios as the cumulative counts of heart, liver, and spleen to the whole body (WB).

Early Versus Late Acute Antibody-Mediated Rejection Among Renal Transplant Recipients in Terms of Response to Rituximab Therapy: A Single Center Experience.

Objectives: There are no comparable trials concerning the use of rituximab among renal transplant recipients with acute antibody-mediated rejection. Here, we compared early and late acute antibody-mediated rejection in renal transplant recipients in terms of response to rituximab therapy.

Materials And Methods: Of 1230 kidney transplants performed at Hamed Al-Essa Organ Transplant Center (Kuwait) over the past 10 years, 103 recipients developed acute antibody-mediated rejections and were subcategorized into 4 groups according to the onset of rejection and rituximab treatment.

Epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma patients in Kuwait.

Context: Nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most frequently diagnosed form of lung cancer in Kuwait. NSCLC samples from Kuwait have never been screened for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene aberration, which is known to affect treatment options.

Aims: This study investigated the feasibility of using fine-needle aspiration (FNA) material for mutational screening, and whether common EGFR mutations are present in NSCLC samples from Kuwait.

Nonossifying fibroma (metaphyseal fibrous defect) of the mandible in a 15-year-old boy.

We describe a rare case of nonossifying fibroma of the mandible in a 15-year-old boy who presented with a left mandibular swelling. Conventional imaging showed an expansile radiolucent lesion involving the angle and the body of the left mandible. The lesion was curetted, and a miniplate was implanted at the excision site.

Patterns of accidental deaths in Kuwait: a retrospective descriptive study from 2003-2009.

Background: Accidents are a preventable cause of death. Unfortunately it accounts for a large number of deaths in many societies. In Kuwait, road traffic accidents (RTA) is the leading cause of death in young people.

Forensic autopsy practice in the Middle East: comparisons with the west.

Autopsies are performed in the majority of Arab, Muslim countries. Several of these countries face social challenges and others do not have well established academic programs to teach the science. In this article we intend to review the history and practice of the forensic part of autopsies in a few Arab, Muslim countries (Egypt, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and Kuwait) and compare it with the United States of America (USA) and the United Kingdom (UK), 2 countries where the practice of forensic science and Forensic pathology is well established.

Metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma to the breast in a patient with combined medullary and papillary carcinoma of thyroid--a case report.

We report the fine-needle aspiration cytology of a case of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) metastatic to the breast in a 66-year old female within two years of diagnosis of the thyroid tumor. The aspirate of the breast metastases revealed a plasmacytoid population of cells in loose clusters and singly with mild to moderate pleomorphism. Nuclear groves and occasional intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions were seen.

Molecular characterization of a population-based series of endometrial stromal sarcomas in Kuwait.

Endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESSs) frequently harbor genetic fusions, including JAZF1-SUZ12 and equivalent fusions in low-grade ESS (LGESS) and YWHAE-NUTM2 in high-grade ESS (HGESS). This study aims to classify a population-based series of ESSs in Kuwait based on the 2014 World Health Organization classification system and to assess the diagnostic use of interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) immunomarker for ESSs. Twenty ESSs including 19 LGESSs and 1 HGESS treated during the period between 2002 and 2013 were identified, and the cases were reviewed and characterized using fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical studies.

Contribution of immunocytochemical stainings for galectin-3, CD44, and HBME1 to fine-needle aspiration cytology diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

In cytology practice some papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cases have indeterminate diagnoses and overlapping cytological features with benign lesions. This study was undertaken to find out if immunocytochemistry using Galectin-3, CD-44 and HBME-1 could be of help in such situations. Forty-six cases consisting of 22 malignancy (PTC) cases, 7 suspicious of (S/O) PTC, 1 follicular neoplasm, 5 follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS), and 11 benign (colloid goiter) cases diagnosed by FNA were included in this study.

Patterns of infant mortality in Kuwait from 2003 to 2006.

Infant death is often tragic, particularly in the Arab World, where infants, especially males, are supposed to carry their family's names due to ancient cultural traditions. The conditions and events that may be associated with infant death are extremely varied. Infants may die from either congenital disorders or natural diseases, or may pass away as a consequence of a complicated delivery.

Effective therapy for acute antibody-mediated rejection with mild chronic changes: case report and review of the literature.

To reduce the long-term toxicities of immunosuppressant drugs, corticosteroid-sparing and calcineurin-inhibitor-sparing immunosuppression protocols have become increasingly popular in managing kidney transplant recipients. The most vexing clinical condition caused by antibodies in organ transplants is antibody-mediated rejection. Limitations of the current antibody-mediated rejection therapies include (1) antibody-mediated rejection reversal tends to be gradual rather than prompt, (2) expense, (3) rejection reversal rates below 80%, (4) common appearance of chronic rejection after antibody-mediated rejection treatment, and (5) long-term persistence of donor specific antibodies after therapy.

Isolated sarcoid renal granulomatous tubulointerstitial disease.

A 37-year-old lady presented with hypercalcemia and acute renal impairment. She had no previous medical problems apart from the use of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for nonspecific body pains. Her abdominal ultrasound scan as well as urine studies were nonspecific.

Clinical and histopathological spectrum of IgA nephropathy in Kuwait.

Background: Little is known about the nature and the course of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) in Arab countries. The aim of this work was to study the spectrum of clinical presentation and histopathological findings at our institution.

Design And Setting: Retrospective review, all renal biopsies at the Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital between January 2000 and December 2004.

Late acute antibody mediated rejection after nine years of renal transplantation.

Acute antibody mediated rejection (AMR) is rarely reported as a long-term com-plication of renal transplantation, and it can present on top of another chronic pathology affecting the graft. A 45-year-old gentleman with chronic kidney disease due to unknown etiology received renal transplantation from his sister with 4 HLA mismatches. He received antithymocte globulin induction therapy and was maintained on steroids, azathioprine (AZA) and cyclosporine A (CsA).

Renal biopsy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: indications and nature of the lesions.

Background And Objectives: The prevalence of non diabetic renal disease (NDRD) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus varies widely depending on the selection criteria and the populations being studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the renal biopsies performed on type 2 diabetic patients for suspicion of NDRD and to correlate the pathological with the clinical and laboratory findings.

Subjects And Methods: We selected and reviewed biopsies performed on type 2 diabetics for clinically suspected NDRD from January 2006 to December 2008 at a single hospital.

Disseminated peritoneal Schistosoma japonicum: a case report and review of the pathological manifestations of the helminth.

Schistosomiasis (also known as bilharzia, bilharziasis, bilharziosis or snail fever) is a human disease syndrome caused by infection from one of several species of parasitic trematodes of the genus Schistosoma. The three main species infecting humans are S haematobium, S japonicum, and S mansoni. S japonicum is most common in the far east, mostly in China and the Philippines.

NPHS2 variation in focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Background: Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the most common histologic pattern of renal injury seen in adults with idiopathic proteinuria. Homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the podocin gene NPHS2 are found in 10-30% of pediatric cases of steroid resistant nephrosis and/or FSGS.

Methods: We studied the spectrum of genetic variation in 371 individuals with predominantly late onset FSGS (mean age of onset 25 years) by analysis of DNA samples.