[Early diagnosis and management of femur head necrosis in young adult age].

There are a lot factors in the genesis of the ischemic femoral head necrosis. In the early stage the intraosseous pressure increases without any clinical or radiological sign. The disease is often bilateral.

[Is remodeling still possible after collapse in femur head necrosis?].

A case of a femoral head necrosis, with collapsed joint surface after fracture of the femoral neck will be presented. Following varisation osteotomy, the necrotic parts of the bone was removed and filled with cancellous bone. A standardized bone block of the iliac crest was implanted into the hole.

[Talus substitution using a vascular pedicled bone flap].

Authors report on the substitution of in consequence of complete talus luxation, missing talus. It succeeded with the transplantation of a free vascular pedicled bone block, gained from the crista ilei to retain the length of the extremity and to secure the gait of the patient without aid, finally to make the return to the former active life possible. The use of the method in similar cases was found to be unknown after a review of the literature.

[Aseptic femur head necrosis and therapeutic possibilities by using a bone graft with a vascular pedicle].

The review of the occurrence, etiopathology, classification and diagnosis of the aseptic necrosis of the femoral head is followed by the description of the method of transplantation of the vascular pedicled bone graft. During 5 years implantation of 12 vascular pedicled bone grafts in 10 young patients with severe and of major extension necrosis of the femoral head was carried out. The early result was in every case the quick and significant decrease of pains and that the necrosis did not progress.

[Osteosynthesis of femoral neck fractures by double-cannulated screws (preliminary report)].

Authors report on a new osteosynthesis based on the double nailing of femoral neck fracture and screwing, and developed from the "Uppsala" double screwing. The preliminaries of the double cannulated screwing method, its advantages, the experiences gained in 30 cases operated in one year and the early results are described.

[Management of upper arm fractures using a thermoplastic functional brace].

Authors report on the functional bracing of the fractured humerus. The advantage of the method is the preserved muscle and joint function with the use of a brace. This means ease for the patient in respect of the personal hygiene and living conditions.

[Management of lower leg fractures by external fixators and thermoplastic braces. Preliminary report].

Authors describe their new combined method for treatment of lower leg fractures. To this a new type fixator was developed which makes dynamization also possible. The other novelty in this country is the use of functional external fixing brace.

[Nondisplaced (impacted) femoral neck fracture--conservative or surgical treatment?].

The treatment of undisplaced femoral neck fractures, having been disputed for the past 50 years, is analysed on the basis of 111 observations during the period of 1981 to 1983. Osteosynthesis proved to be advantageous. Fixation with a three-flanged nail did not increase mortality rate, had no negative effect on late complications, while it could prevent dislocation and permitted full loading at an early stage.

[Method of fracture fixation using external fixation devices].

An improvement of the results of treatment can be reached, beside respecting the indication of external fixateurs, with correct tactics of the treatment. Because of the disadvantages of the fixateur externe, we strive to restrict their use, to the time by all means necessary, and if possible to use other methods of fixation. This is motivated especially by the effect on fracture healing and the hindering of the movements and activity of the patient.

Significance of urgent (within 6h) internal fixation in the management of fractures of the neck of the femur.

The value of internal fixation of fractures of the neck of the femur within 6 h was assessed in a review of a 3-year series. Three groups were compared, in which the operation was performed within 6 h, between 6 and 24 h and after 24 h respectively. The time and quality of union and the incidence of collapse of the head of the femur were significantly better in the first group.

Patellar chondropathy. II. Ultrastructure, scanning electron microscopic studies.

A scanning electron microscopic study of the chondropathy of the patellar articular surfaces following knee injury was made. The early signs of degeneration were evident in the superficial membrane. Here, the fibres running parallel with the surface then turning deep become irregularly arranged, i.

Arthroscopy of the injured knee.

A rather neglected method suitable for examination of the inner side of the knee-joint is discussed. After describing the types of arthroscope and the advantages and disadvantages of different techniques, the arthroscopic picture of the inner formations of the knee-joint is described. Results achieved during a year are summed up and the importance of arthroscopy in early diagnosis is emphasized.

[Multiple fracture].

The term 'deux étages fracture' is used in different meanings. Therefore, an exact definition seems necessary. 38 own cases of this kind treated in the last 5 years are analysed.

[Management of the complications of severe fractures with external fixator (author's transl)].

After a chronological review the advantages of this method are reviewed here, together with the indications. The different types of fixator are demonstrated in some of their cases. It is emphasized, that this method is complementary to the internal fixation, and the indications of its use are made in an increasing number of cases, such as in septic complications as well as 3rd degree compound fractures, delayed unions etc.