Car accident leading to "traumatic" macular hole formation proven by optical coherence tomography.

Background: We present the case of a car accident where the cause-consequence of the subsequent visual loss in one eye of the victim was proven by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: A 66-year-old woman was hit by a car from her right side and complained of immediate visual loss after the accident in her right eye. The patient was referred to our outpatient clinic 2.

Clinical and genetic findings in Hungarian patients with X-linked juvenile retinoschisis.

Purpose: To determine clinical phenotypes, examine the age dependency of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS), and identify mutations in the retinoschisis1 gene (RS1) in 13 Hungarian (Caucasian) families with this disease.

Methods: This study included 72 members in 13 families. Complete ophthalmological examinations, including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and full-field and multifocal electroretinography (ERG), were performed on 20 affected males, 13 female carriers, and 27 healthy controls.

Cataract surgery anaesthesia: is topical anaesthesia really better than retrobulbar?

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness for the patient of retrobulbar anaesthesia (RBA) and topical anaesthesia (TA) in cataract surgery by phacoemulsification.

Methods: We performed a prospective, randomized study on 115 patients operated at our clinic using the two anaesthesia techniques. The RBA group comprised 57 patients (20 women, 37 men; age 72 +/- 10 years); the TA group comprised 58 patients (20 women, 38 men; age 74 +/- 10 years).

Intraocular lens power calculation for combined cataract surgery, vitrectomy and peeling of epiretinal membranes for macular oedema.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare preoperatively calculated and postoperatively achieved refraction following phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation combined with pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane or epiretinal membrane removal.

Methods: Twelve eyes of 12 patients who underwent a combined procedure were enrolled in this study. Ultrasound axial length and macular thickness (optical coherence tomography, OCT) measurements were performed pre- and postoperatively.

Functional assessment of the possible toxicity of indocyanine green dye in macular hole surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the possible toxicity of indocyanine green (ICG) dye in macular hole surgery by comparing functional results after successful surgeries performed with and without staining.

Design: Prospective observational case series.

Methods: In a study conducted at our department, 30 eyes of 29 patients with idiopathic macular hole underwent pars plana vitrectomy, with peeling of the internal limiting membrane (ILM).

[Role of the music in the operating theatre].

Purpose: To investigate the effect of music on patients, surgeons and staff in the operating theatre at our Ophthalmology department in Mária street Clinic.

Patients And Methods: I. 150 patients, 7 staff and 19 surgeons have been asked to fill out a questionnaire.

Soluble semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity is related to oxidative stress and subchronic inflammation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Diabetes is known to increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia via oxidative stress and inflammation. There are speculations that SSAO activity might be related to the development of AD. Our aim was to investigate whether changes of soluble SSAO activity, oxidative stress and inflammation markers are related to each other in diabetes.

Correlation of clinical and genetic findings in Hungarian patients with Stargardt disease.

Purpose: Autosomal recessive Stargardt disease (arSTGD) presents with substantial clinical and genetic heterogeneity. This study was conducted to correlate foveolar thickness (FT) and total macular volume (TMV), measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT), with other clinical characteristics and with specific genetic variation in Hungarian patients with arSTGD.

Methods: After a standard ophthalmic workup, both eyes of 35 patients with STGD from Hungary and of 25 age-matched healthy control subjects were tested with OCT.

[Optical biopsy of the retina in vivo: on optical coherence tomography and its clinical use in ophthalmology].

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a novel, non invasive imaging method, which enables in vivo assessment of living tissues, providing near histological resolution images. The first description of its clinical introduction was in ophthalmology, which substantially changed our view of specific retinal diseases. OCT technology is slowly penetrating into other medical fields, supposedly opening new perspectives with the possibility of in vivo optical biopsy.

[Refraction and visual acuity after laser coagulation treatment for retinopathy of prematurity in stage 3+].

Purpose: Correlations between myopia < or =-4.0 D, birth weight, gestation age at birth, extension of laser photocoagulation and mild posterior pole changes were assessed in eyes of 1-year-old children who underwent laser treatment for stage 3+ retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). In addition the relationship between best-corrected visual acuity (VA) and mild posterior pole alterations was evaluated at 3 years of age.

Laser treatment of zone I prethreshold and stage 3 threshold retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: To analyze the structural outcomes of zone I prethreshold and stage 3 threshold retinopathy of prematurity following laser ablation.

Patients And Methods: This nonrandomized observational case series evaluated 71 eyes of 36 infants who weighed less than 1,250 g at birth. Infants were treated at either prethreshold or threshold severity.

[Determination of serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity in diabetic retinopathy in type-2 diabetes].

Introduction: Recent data suggest that the copper-containing semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase enzyme (SSAO) may play a role in vascular endothelial damage through conversion of certain endogenous monoamines, like methylamine into cytotoxic aldehydes, hydrogen peroxide and ammonia. SSAO is present in various human tissues and in the serum. Elevated SSAO activities have been reported in patients with both types of diabetes mellitus.

MRI for the evaluation of scleral invasion and extrascleral extension of uveal melanomas.

Aim: To study the diagnostic value of MRI for the detection of scleral infiltration and extrascleral extension of uveal melanoma.

Materials And Methods: Twelve consecutive patients with clinically suspected large uveal melanoma were examined by MRI. All of the patients underwent enucleation or exenteration.

[Cataract and refractive surgery in Hungary at the turn of the Millennium].

A survey of cataract-, and refractive surgery carried out around the Millennium presents the habits, styles and results of the Hungarian surgeons. There is a significant trend for transition to phacoemulsification procedure, 38 per cent of all cataract surgeries have been carried out with this most modern procedure, and 4/5 of the operating institutes possesses the equipment needed for this operation. The refractive surgeries in Hungary have been carried out in 11 private institutes.

A catheter technique in ophthalmic regional anaesthesia. Clinical investigations.

Background: Usually general anaesthesia is chosen if ophthalmic surgery of longer duration is expected. Our goal was to introduce a flexible catheter preoperatively into the extra- or intraconal space and to provide sufficient anaesthesia by continuous administration of a local anaesthetic via the catheter.

Methods: The continuous anaesthetic technique was applied in 28 patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery.

A catheter technique in ophthalmic regional anaesthesia. Cadaver experiments.

Background: Regional anaesthesia for ophthalmic surgery is generally accomplished by peri- or retrobulbar techniques. Depending on the duration of ophthalmic surgery, reblock might become necessary. Our goal was to invent a catheter technique for ophthalmic regional anaesthesia that enables the user to administer local anaesthetics intraoperatively into the peri- or retrobulbar space continuously.

Intraoperative complications in vitreoretinal surgery.

Pars plana vitrectomy is a well developed and widespread used surgical technique with several instruments and special tools for selected vitreoretinal cases. Knowledge of complications during the various steps of the surgical procedure make easier to avoid them. Most important is first to collect experiences with simple cases and to get accustomed to the otherwise special surgical technique that needs good cooperation of the surgeons two hands, two feet and needs steady attention on the tips of the intraocular instruments.

[Degenerative diseases affecting vision].

Degenerative-dystrophic disorders threatening the vision may occur in the cornea, in the lens, in the vitreous body, in the retina and in the optic nerve. Corneal degenerative disorders are rare and mainly of hereditary origin. Keratoplasty is a successful therapeutical method.