Membrane-targeted push-pull azobenzenes for the optical modulation of membrane potential.

We introduce a family of membrane-targeted azobenzenes (MTs) with a push-pull character as a new tool for cell stimulation. These molecules are water soluble and spontaneously partition in the cell membrane. Upon light irradiation, they isomerize from trans to cis, changing the local charge distribution and thus stimulating the cell response.

Intratumoral Treatment in Lung Cancer: Is It Time to Move Towards Clinical Practice?

According to a modern view, cancer no longer follows a purely mechanistic model. Rather, a tumor is conceived as a more complex structure, composed of cancer cells, the activities of which may interact and reshape the so-called tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to preservation of specific tumoral niches and promoting the survival of tumoral stem cells. : Therapeutic strategies must deal with this unique cancer architecture in the near future by widening their range of activities outside the cancer cells and rewiring a TME to ensure it is hostile to cancer growth.

Cardiomyocyte and stromal cell cross-talk influences the pathogenesis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: a multi-level analysis uncovers DLK1-NOTCH pathway role in fibro-adipose remodelling.

Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a life-threatening, genetically determined disease primarily caused by mutations in desmosomal genes, such as PKP2. Currently, there is no etiological therapy for ACM due to its complex and not fully elucidated pathogenesis. Various cardiac cell types affected by the genetic mutation, such as cardiomyocytes (CM) and cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells (cMSC), individually contribute to the ACM phenotype, driving functional abnormalities and fibro-fatty substitution, respectively.

Enamel surface roughness after orthodontic adhesive removal: an in vitro study comparing four clearance methods.

Purpose: Adhesive remnants removal is the last key step influencing orthodontic treatment outcomes. Four different clearance methods (CM) of orthodontic adhesive were evaluated to determine, which achieved the smoothest enamel surface in the shortest time.

Materials And Methods: 75 intact premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were included, sixty had an orthodontic bracket bonded and subsequently removed, and fifteen served as the control group.

The triglyceride-glucose index, blood glucose levels, and metabolic syndrome are associated with all-cause mortality in obesity.

Background: The Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TYG) has been proposed as a prognostic index for mortality in the general population, in T2DM, and in patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, data on the respective predictive roles of TYG, glucose tolerance (GT), and metabolic syndrome (MS) for mortality in obesity are lacking.

Methods: We analyzed 1359 obese patients (371 men and 988 women), aged 44.

Radiation and DNA Origami Nanotechnology: Probing Structural Integrity at the Nanoscale.

DNA nanotechnology has emerged as a groundbreaking field, using DNA as a scaffold to create nanostructures with customizable properties. These DNA nanostructures hold potential across various domains, from biomedicine to studying ionizing radiation-matter interactions at the nanoscale. This review explores how the various types of radiation, covering a spectrum from electrons and photons at sub-excitation energies to ion beams with high-linear energy transfer influence the structural integrity of DNA origami nanostructures.

Proteolysis Targeting Chimera Agents (PROTACs): New Hope for Overcoming the Resistance Mechanisms in Oncogene-Addicted Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a disease with a poor prognosis despite the advances in therapies. NSCLC with actionable oncogenic alterations represent a subgroup of diseases for which tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have shown relevant and robust impact on prognosis, both in early and advanced stages. While the introduction of powerful TKIs increases the ratio of potentially curable patients, the disease does develop resistance over time through either secondary mutations or bypass activating tracks.

A rapid and reliable method for early identification and characterization in support of the epidemiology study.

Introduction: Legionnaires' disease is a severe pneumonia predominantly caused by (Lp), whose major reservoirs are artificial water systems. As most human infections are caused by serogroup 1 (Lp1), a reliable method for Lp distinction can be crucial for bacterial spread prevention. As the ability to withstand in environments and to cause the waterborne disease is strongly related to specific genes, the identification of virulent strains can be of great relevance to implement water environmental monitoring and to contain harmful outbreaks to public health.

Mammary carcinoma in a male cat following long-term medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment: case report and review of the literature.

In male cats, as in men, mammary carcinomas are rarely reported. However, like in females, hormonal therapy is a significant risk factor. This study reports the case of an 11-year-old male cat with multiple mammary tumours and a history of long-term medroxyprogesterone acetate therapy for the suppression of sexual behaviour, along with a brief review of the literature.

Multiplexed Assays of Variant Effect and Automated Patch Clamping Improve -LQTS Variant Classification and Cardiac Event Risk Stratification.

Background: Long QT syndrome is a lethal arrhythmia syndrome, frequently caused by rare loss-of-function variants in the potassium channel encoded by . Variant classification is difficult, often because of lack of functional data. Moreover, variant-based risk stratification is also complicated by heterogenous clinical data and incomplete penetrance.

Single extraction socket classification for aesthetic outcomes (CEO).

Purpose: Accurate extraction socket evaluation is crucial for aesthetic success with immediate implant placement. The present authors propose a socket classification system to assist selection of the approach most likely to offer an optimal aesthetic outcome. The objectives of this study were to describe this novel system and evaluate the inter-rater agreement.

Newest therapeutic strategies impacting on rarest thoracic malignancies: The clinical case report of biphasic pleural mesothelioma.

A caucasian 62-year-old woman, diagnosed with biphasic pleural mesothelioma (PM) of II stage and BAP1 loss, was treated with therapies included in clinical trial and Early Access Programmes (EAP). During her clinical history, radiological images presented an unusual representation of the disease, with a pseudo progression discussed many times by several specialists. The patient's overall survival improved as a result of the multidisciplinary team and the availability of medicines outside of clinical practice.

Maternal Salivary miR-423-5p Is Linked to Neonatal Outcomes and Periodontal Status in Cardiovascular-High-Risk Pregnancies.

Periodontal disease (PD) during pregnancy may trigger systemic inflammation, increasing the risk of developing cardiometabolic disease (CMD). As a consequence, PD may result in the activation of cellular and molecular pathways, affecting the disease course and pregnancy outcome. Although microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered ideal biomarkers for many diseases, few studies have investigated salivary miRNAs and their role in pregnancy or neonatal outcomes.

Pushing the boundaries: actual and potential distribution of thrushes expanding their ranges in South America.

The distribution of a species reflects its ecological adaptability and evolutionary history, which is shaped by the environment and represents a dynamic area subject to anthropogenic environmental change. We used the MaxEnt algorithm to construct ecological niche models for four thrush species within the Turdus genus; T. amaurochalinus, T.

Alectinib in Early-Stage Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Challenges.

Background: Targeted therapies changed the treatment of advanced oncogene-addicted non-small cell lung cancer and could also improve outcomes in resectable disease.

Results: The ALINA trial evaluated the clinical benefit of adjuvant alectinib compared with standard chemotherapy and met the primary endpoint with a significant increase in disease-free survival at 2 years among anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive patients with stage IB-IIIA disease; two phase II trials (ALNEO and NAUTIKA1) are currently evaluating perioperative treatment with alectinib, and the results of the case reports published to date are encouraging.

Conclusion: In resectable anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive lung cancer, adjuvant alectinib represents the new standard of care and could soon be used in perioperative treatment.

Therapeutic Efficacy of Mexiletine for Long QT Syndrome Type 2: Evidence From Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes, Transgenic Rabbits, and Patients.

Background: Despite major advances in the clinical management of long QT syndrome, some patients are not fully protected by beta-blocker therapy. Mexiletine is a well-known sodium channel blocker, with proven efficacy in patients with sodium channel-mediated long QT syndrome type 3. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of mexiletine in long QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2) using cardiomyocytes derived from patient-specific human induced pluripotent stem cells, a transgenic LQT2 rabbit model, and patients with LQT2.

A mechanistic modelling approach of the host-microbiota interactions to investigate beneficial symbiotic resilience in the human gut.

The health and well-being of a host are deeply influenced by the interactions with its gut microbiota. Contrasted environmental conditions, such as diseases or dietary habits, play a pivotal role in modulating these interactions, impacting microbiota composition and functionality. Such conditions can also lead to transitions from beneficial to detrimental symbiosis, viewed as alternative stable states of the host-microbiota dialogue.

The small non-coding RNA is dispensable to mouse development.

Vault RNAs (vRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved small non-coding RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase lll. Initially described as components of the vault particle, they have since also been described as noncanonical miRNA precursors and as riboregulators of autophagy. As central molecules in these processes, vRNAs have been attributed numerous biological roles including regulation of cell proliferation and survival, response to viral infections, drug resistance, and animal development.

The Dynamic Clamp Technique: A Robust Toolkit for Investigating Potassium Channel Function.

The dynamic clamp technique has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of cardiac electrophysiology, enabling researchers to investigate the intricate dynamics of ion currents in cardiac cells. Potassium channels play a critical role in the functioning of cardiac cells and the overall electrical stability of the heart. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the methods and applications of dynamic clamp in the study of key potassium currents in cardiac cells.

Condensed Matter Systems Exposed to Radiation: Multiscale Theory, Simulations, and Experiment.

This roadmap reviews the new, highly interdisciplinary research field studying the behavior of condensed matter systems exposed to radiation. The Review highlights several recent advances in the field and provides a roadmap for the development of the field over the next decade. Condensed matter systems exposed to radiation can be inorganic, organic, or biological, finite or infinite, composed of different molecular species or materials, exist in different phases, and operate under different thermodynamic conditions.