Effects of Exercise Training on Mitochondrial Fatty Acid β-Oxidation in the Kidneys of Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats.

Exercise training (Ex) has anti-hypertensive and renal protective effects. In this study, we investigate the effects of Ex on mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism in the kidneys of Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl-S) rats fed a high-salt (HS) diet. Eight-week-old, male Dahl-S rats were divided into three groups: (1) normal-salt diet, sedentary (NS-Sed), (2) HS diet, sedentary (HS-Sed), and (3) HS-Ex.

Effects of Exercise Training on the Renin-Angiotensin System in the Kidneys of Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats.

Purpose: Exercise training (Ex) has antihypertensive and renal protective effects; however, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. The renal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a vital role in renal function and pathology. Therefore, we investigated the effects of Ex on the renal RAS components in Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl-S) rats.

The Relationship between Sarcopenia and Respiratory Muscle Weakness in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

An association between respiratory muscle weakness and sarcopenia may provide a clue to the mechanism of sarcopenia development. We aimed to clarify this relationship among community-dwelling older adults. In total, 117 community-dwelling older adults were assessed and classified into 4 groups: robust, respiratory muscle weakness, sarcopenia, and respiratory sarcopenia.

Protocol for a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study in Japan: association among hospital-acquired disability, regular exercise and long-term care dependency in older patients after cardiac surgery.

Introduction: Cardiac surgery for older patients, postoperative functional decline and the need for long-term care have received increasing attention as essential outcomes in recent years. Therefore, prevention of functional decline and long-term care dependency after cardiac surgery are important; however, our current understanding of postoperative functional trajectory and effects of postoperative regular exercise on long-term functional decline and long-term care dependency is limited. Therefore, we will conduct a multicentre, prospective cohort study to (1) examine the effect of hospital-acquired disability on long-term functional decline and long-term care dependency and (2) investigate the favourable effect of postoperative regular exercise on long-term functional decline and long-term care dependency in older patients after cardiac surgery.

Psoas Muscle Volume and Attenuation are Better Predictors than Muscle Area for Hospital Readmission in Older Patients after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether the psoas muscle volume (PMV) and its muscle attenuation (MA) are associated with hospital readmission after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Method: We included 113 older patients with aortic stenosis who underwent TAVI at Sakakibara Heart Institute (mean age 85 ± 5 years, 69% women). We measured PMV and psoas muscle area (PMA) as well as total muscle area (TMA) at the third lumbar vertebra using preoperative computed tomography (CT) images.

Febuxostat ameliorates high salt intake-induced hypertension and renal damage in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

Objective: Several clinical studies have reported that xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitors have antihypertensive and renal protective effects but their mechanisms have not been fully determined. This study aims to clarify these mechanisms by examining the effects of febuxostat, which is a novel selective xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor, in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

Methods: Eight-week-old male Dahl salt-sensitive rats were fed a normal salt (0.

Hospitalization-Associated Disability After Cardiac Surgery in Elderly Patients - Exploring the Risk Factors Using Machine Learning Algorithms.

Hospitalization-associated disability (HAD) is associated with prolonged functional decline and increased mortality after discharge. Therefore, we examined the incidence and risk factors associated with HAD in elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery in Japan. We retrospectively examined 2,262 elderly patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery at Sakakibara Heart Institute.

Hospital-Acquired Functional Decline and Clinical Outcomes in Older Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Background: This study aimed to assess the relationship between hospital-acquired functional decline and the risk of mid-term all-cause death in older patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Methods and results: In total, 463 patients (mean age 85 years, interquartile range [IQR]: 82, 88) undergoing elective TAVI at Sakakibara Heart Institute between 2010 and 2018, who were followed up for 3 years, were enrolled in the study. Hospital-acquired functional decline after TAVI, which was defined by at least a 1-point decrease on the Short Physical Performance Battery before discharge compared to the preoperative score, was assessed.

Exercise training delays renal disorders with decreasing oxidative stress and increasing production of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

Objective: Exercise training has antihypertensive and renoprotective effects in humans and rats. However, the effects of exercise training on renal disorders that occur with salt-sensitive hypertension remains unclear. The study aim was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of exercise training on renal function in a rat model of salt-sensitive hypertension.

Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor, Febuxostat Ameliorates the High Salt Intake-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats.

Background: Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a source of reactive oxygen species production in the heart. However, pathophysiological role of XO has not been clarified in hypertensive heart disease. Thus, the present study examined the impacts of high salt (HS) intake and febuxostat (Fx), a XO inhibitor in Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl-S) rats.

Phase II Clinical Trial of First-line Eribulin Plus Trastuzumab for Advanced or Recurrent HER2-positive Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: Eribulin mesylate has been approved for advanced or metastatic breast cancers subjected to at least two previous chemotherapy regimens. The present multicenter, phase II, single-arm study assessed the efficacy and safety of a first-line regimen of eribulin plus trastuzumab for untreated advanced or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: Enrolled patients received eribulin (1.

Pitavastatin Upregulates Nitric Oxide Synthases in the Kidney of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and Wistar-Kyoto Rats.

Background: Clinical trials show potent renoprotective effects of pitavastatin (PTV), although the precise mechanism for these renoprotective effects is not fully clarified. The aim of this study was to examine the antihypertensive and renoprotective effects of PTV, focusing on the nitric oxide (NO) system.

Methods: Male, 6-week-old, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were randomized to receive vehicle or PTV (2 mg/kg bodyweight) for 8 weeks.

Evaluation of the Alteration of Occlusal Distribution in Unilateral Free-End and Intermediate Missing Cases.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of implant prostheses on the occlusal force and area as well as the distribution of occlusal loading in unilateral free-end and intermediate missing cases. Fourteen healthy subjects (7 free-end missing cases in the first and second molars and 7 intermediate missing cases in the first molar region) were included. Six months after the implant prosthesis was placed, an occlusal evaluation was performed with or without the implant superstructure by using Dental Prescale film and an occluder device.

The effectiveness of optical coherence tomography for evaluating peri-implant tissue: A pilot study.

Purpose: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been investigated as a novel diagnostic imaging tool. The utilisation of this equipment has been evaluated through several studies in the field of dentistry. The aim of this preliminary study was to determine through basic experiments the effectiveness of OCT in implant dentistry.

A 10 Minute Self-Care Program May Reduce Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: A Six-Month Prospective Longitudinal Comparative Study.

Patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) need a life-long self-care program that they can adhere to enable them to manage their lymphedema. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a holistic BCRL self-care program that patients could easily adhere to and comply with. A prospective, longitudinal, comparative study between affected arms and unaffected arms in unilateral breast cancer patients was implemented over a six-month period.

[A long-term survival case in advanced mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix using cytoreductive surgery and S-1/CDDP chemotherapy].

Prognosis of patients with advanced mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix (AMCA) is extremely poor. However, there has been no established treatment strategy. We preliminary report here a successfully treated case with AMCA using intensive cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy.

Therapeutic effects of the angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 against carcinomatous peritonitis in mice.

The therapeutic effects of the new anti-angiogenesis factor TNP-470 were examined against carcinomatous peritonitis in mice. In the first experiment using carcinomatous peritonitis caused by i.p.

Morpho-physiological function and role of omental milky spots as omentum-associated lymphoid tissue (OALT) in the peritoneal cavity.

The morpho-physiological function and role of milky spots in the greater omentum are reviewed. These milky spots are composed of cellular aggregations of mesenchymal cells, mainly macrophages and lymphocytes, surrounding capillary convolutions termed omental glomeruli. Initial lymphatics of the omentum begin at the milky spots and drain into lymph collectors.