Impact of Genomic Alterations on Efficacy of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan Against Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2-Positive Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Purpose: The impact of genomic alterations on response and resistance to trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has not been elucidated. Thus, we sought to identify factors predicting sensitivity to T-DXd in gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using real-world clinical data and next-generation sequencing-based comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) data from patients with advanced G/GEJ cancers, collected by the nationwide database in Japan.

Predictive impact of C-reactive protein to albumin ratio for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma receiving nivolumab.

Although the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was reported to be a predictive biomarker for clinical outcomes in various types of cancer, including recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer (R/M HNSCC) treated with nivolumab, the usefulness of the pretreatment C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) as a prognostic marker remains to be clarified. This study aimed to analyze the clinical usability of the CAR in comparison with that of the NLR. 46 R/M HNSCC patients treated with nivolumab were retrospectively analyzed.

Hypoalbuminemia for the prediction of venous thromboembolism and treatment of direct oral anticoagulants in metastatic gastric cancer patients.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is highly associated with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) and is sometimes lethal. Predictors of VTE have not been identified, and the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for AGC-associated VTE remain to be clarified.

Methods: A total of 188 AGC patients who started chemotherapy during the period from January 2014 to December 2017 in our institutions were retrospectively examined for the incidence of VTE, risk factors for VTE, and the efficacy and safety of DOAC-based anticoagulant therapy for VTE.

Successful Treatment of Life-threatening Tracheal Stenosis Caused by Malignancy with a Self-expanding Hybrid Stent.

Tracheal stenosis caused by malignancy is a life-threatening complication. We performed stent therapy in two patients using the AERO™ stent, launched in late 2016 in Japan. One patient presented with stenosis of the trachea due to adenoid cystic carcinoma and the other with stenosis of the trachea due to esophageal cancer.