Gut microbiota involvement in the effect of water-soluble dietary fiber on fatty liver and fibrosis.

The beneficial effects of water-soluble dietary fiber on liver fat and fibrosis involve the gut microbiota; however, few epidemiological studies have investigated this association. This large-scale epidemiological study aimed to determine the effect of water-soluble dietary fiber intake on liver fat and fibrosis via gut microbiota for the general population. We divided low- and high-intake groups by median daily water-soluble dietary fiber intake and matched background factors by propensity score matching for sex and age.

An epidemiological study on the factors including genetic polymorphism influencing ALT >30 U/L and liver fibrosis progression in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease among the general population.

Background And Aim: Identifying the factors contributing to the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a lifestyle-related disease, is crucial for preventing future liver-related deaths. This study aimed to epidemiologically investigate factors, including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels >30 U/L and potential risk factors for liver fibrosis, in a general population cohort of patients with MASLD.

Methods: Among 1059 participants in the health checkup project, 228 who were diagnosed with MASLD were analyzed.

Use of a mouse-human chimeric anti-α-galactosidase A monoclonal antibody as a reference for measuring serum antidrug antibody titers in patients with Fabry disease.

The detection of antidrug antibodies (ADAs) is important for monitoring patients with Fabry disease who are undergoing enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant α-galactosidase A (GLA) drugs, as ADAs can cause allergic reactions and reduce therapeutic efficacy. Various immunological methods, particularly enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), are widely used to measure serum ADA titers in patients with Fabry disease. However, estimating and comparing results of ELISA is challenging because of the absence of a reference antibody.

Creation of catalytic activity-improved hyperthermophilic PQQ-dependent aldose sugar dehydrogenase and its efficient use for high performance electro-device.

PQQ-dependent aldose sugar dehydrogenase (PQQ-ASD) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum (PaeASD) has great potential as an element for durable bioelectrodevices owing to its exceptional stability against high temperatures and across a broad pH spectrum. However, its application is constrained by low electric current output of the enzyme-immobilized electrodes, which is attributable to its low catalytic activity. A directed evolutionary approach was performed on PaeASD to improve enzyme activity, resulting in the identification of a PaeASD s24 mutant containing six amino acid substitutions, which exhibited a 16-fold higher specific activity than that of wild type.

Involvement of Mediterranean fever gene mutations in colchicine-responsive enterocolitis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The involvement of Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene mutations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease unclassified (IBDU) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics and responsiveness to colchicine in Japanese patients with IBDU carrying MEFV mutations.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we examined MEFV mutations using gene analysis, clinical information, and colchicine responsiveness.

Solitary Peutz-Jeghers polyp harboring a focus of high-grade dysplasia in the colon: a case report and literature review.

A solitary Peutz-Jeghers (PJ) polyp is a rare hamartomatous lesion without an associated PJ syndrome. However, little is known regarding malignancy arising in solitary PJ polyps. Here, we report a case of a solitary colonic PJ polyp with focal dysplasia.

Epidemiological Study on the Interaction between the (rs738409) and Gut Microbiota in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Many factors are associated with the development and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD); however, genetics and gut microbiota are representative factors. Recent studies have highlighted the link between host genes and the gut microbiota. Although there have been many studies on the separate effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gut bacteria on MASLD, few epidemiological studies have examined how SNPs and gut bacteria interact in the development and progression of MASLD.

Comparative study on incorporation of three recombinant human α-galactosidase A drugs (agalsidases) into cultured fibroblasts and organs/tissues of Fabry mice.

Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant human α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) drugs (agalsidases) has been successfully used for treatment of Fabry disease, and three kinds of agalsidases are now available in Japan. To compare the biochemical characteristics of these drugs, especially focusing on their incorporation into cultured fibroblasts and organs/tissues of Fabry mice, we performed in vitro, cell, and animal experiments. The results revealed that there were no differences in the kinetic parameters and enzyme activity between these agalsidases.

Factors Predicting Effectiveness of Eradication Therapy for -Associated Dyspepsia Symptoms.

Functional dyspepsia is distinguishable from -associated dyspepsia. However, distinguishing -associated dyspepsia from functional dyspepsia before eradication is difficult. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate whether serum pepsinogen levels before eradication are associated with the amelioration of dyspepsia after successful eradication.

Toll-Like Receptor 7-Expressed Macrophages Are Involved in the Pathogenesis of Esophageal Achalasia and Esophagogastric Junction Outflow Obstruction.

Introduction: Esophageal achalasia is a typical esophageal motility disorder (EMD). Although viral infections have been hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of esophageal achalasia, its etiology remains unclear. This study used esophageal muscle layer specimens collected during per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) procedures to investigate the association between esophageal achalasia and esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) and pattern recognition receptors.

Colorectal Post-polypectomy Bleeding in Outpatient versus Inpatient Treatment: Propensity Score Matching Analysis.

Objectives: Delayed bleeding is the most frequent adverse event associated with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and hot snare polypectomy (HSP) of colorectal polyps. However, whether the incidence of delayed bleeding differs between outpatient and inpatient treatment is unknown. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate delayed bleeding rates between outpatient and inpatient endoscopic treatments and clarify the safety of outpatient treatment.

Does administration of hydroxychloroquine/amiodarone affect the efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy for Fabry mice?

As a standard therapy for Fabry disease, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant human α-galactosidase A (α-Gal) has been successfully used, and the instructions for this drug state that "it should not be co-administrated with cationic amphiphilic drugs such as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and amiodarone (AMI), since these drugs have the potential to inhibit intracellular α-Gal activity". However, there would be cases in which HCQ or AMI is required for patients with Fabry disease, considering their medical efficacy and application. Thus, we examined the impact of HCQ/AMI on recombinant human α-Gal by , cellular, and animal experiments.

Effects of switching from agalsidase-α to agalsidase-β on biomarkers, renal and cardiac parameters, and disease severity in fabry disease forming neutralizing antidrug antibodies: a case report.

Fabry disease is an X-linked hereditary disorder caused by deficient α-galactosidase A (GLA) activity. Patients with Fabry disease are often treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). However, ERT often induces the formation of neutralizing antidrug antibodies (ADAs), which may impair the therapeutic efficacy.

A Logistic Regression Model for Predicting the Risk of Subsequent Surgery among Patients with Newly Diagnosed Crohn's Disease Using a Brute Force Method.

Surgery avoidance is an important goal in Crohn's disease (CD) treatment and predicting the risk of subsequent surgery is important to determine adequate therapeutic strength for patients with newly diagnosed CD. Herein, we aimed to construct a prediction model for the risk of subsequent surgery based on disease characteristics at the patients' initial visit. We retrospectively collected disease characteristic data from 93 patients with newly diagnosed CD.

Profiles of Globotriaosylsphingosine Analogs and Globotriaosylceramide Isoforms Accumulated in Body Fluids from Various Phenotypic Fabry Patients.

Objectives Fabry disease is characterized by the systemic accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and globotriaosylsphingosine (Lyso-Gb3), which are widely used as biomarkers of the disease. However, few reports have described the relationship of Lyso-Gb3 analogs and Gb3 isoforms with the disease. The present study determined the profiles of Lyso-Gb3 analogs and Gb3 isoforms accumulated in body fluids from various phenotypic Fabry patients to elucidate the basis of the disease.

Assessment of the Physical Invasiveness of Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy during the Perioperative Period Based on Changes in Energy Metabolism.

A novel treatment method for achalasia of the esophagus and related disorders is known as peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). This study aimed to calculate the resting energy expenditure (REE) and evaluated the degree of physical invasiveness based on metabolic changes during the perioperative period of POEM. Fifty-eight patients who underwent POEM were prospectively enrolled; REE, body weight (BW), and basal energy expenditure were measured on the day of POEM, postoperative day 1 (POD 1), and three days after POEM (POD 3).

The new 222-nm far ultraviolet-C lowers bacterial contamination to endoscopists during esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Objectives: This study aimed to clarify the disinfectant efficacy of the 222-nm far ultraviolet-C (UV-C) during esophagogastroduodenoscopy using bacterial cultures.

Methods: The endoscopists performed esophagogastroduodenoscopy wearing a gown with a tryptic soy agar medium plate on their epigastric region and were divided into two groups: 222-nm far UV-C irradiation (UV group) and non-UV irradiation (non-UV group). As a control group, tryptic soy agar medium plates were placed about 110 cm above the floor.

Morphological change of foveolar-type gastric adenocarcinoma after proton pump inhibitor discontinuation in a short time period: A case report.

A 37-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy as a screening examination for anemia and bloody stool. A semi-pedunculated edematous lobular polyp of 25 mm in size was detected in the greater curvature of the upper gastric body. At that time, a definitive diagnosis of cancer could not be made based on a biopsy specimen from the lesion.

Influence of CYP3A5 and ABCB1 polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of vincristine in adult patients receiving CHOP therapy.

Purpose: This study aims to clarify the impact of CYP3A5 and ABCB1 polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of vincristine (VCR) in adult patients receiving CHOP therapy.

Methods: Plasma samples were collected immediately after the end of VCR administration and at 1.5, 2.