Through the eyes into the brain, using artificial intelligence.

Introduction: Detection of neurological conditions is of high importance in the current context of increasingly ageing populations. Imaging of the retina and the optic nerve head represents a unique opportunity to detect brain diseases, but requires specific human expertise. We review the current outcomes of artificial intelligence (AI) methods applied to retinal imaging for the detection of neurological and neuro-ophthalmic conditions.

Adenocarcinoma or early-stage cervical cancer is a risk factor for preterm delivery after cervical conization: a multicenter observational study.

Objective: Pregnancy after conization is associated with a high risk of preterm delivery. However, because risk factors for preterm delivery after conization remain unknown, we conducted a multicenter observational study to investigate risk factors associated with preterm delivery.

Methods: We selected patients who had previously undergone conization and reviewed medical records from 18 hospitals in cooperation with Keio University School of Medicine between January 2013 and December 2019.

High-mobility group box-1 and inter-alpha inhibitor proteins: In vitro binding and co-localization in cerebral cortex after hypoxic-ischemic injury.

The high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein is a transcription-regulating protein located in the nucleus. However, it serves as a damage-associated molecular pattern protein that activates immune cells and stimulates inflammatory cytokines to accentuate neuroinflammation after release from damaged cells. In contrast, Inter-alpha Inhibitor Proteins (IAIPs) are proteins with immunomodulatory effects including inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Effects of inter-alpha inhibitor proteins on brain injury after exposure of neonatal rats to severe hypoxia-ischemia.

Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is one of the most common neurological problems occurring in premature and full-term infants after perinatal complications. Hypothermia is the only treatment approved for HI encephalopathy in newborns. However, this treatment is only partially protective, cannot be used to treat premature infants, and has limited efficacy to treat severe HI encephalopathy.

The Association between Placenta Implantation at Prior Myomectomy Locations and Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women Who Previously Underwent One-Step Hysteroscopic Myomectomy.

Objectives: There are no data describing the correlation between placenta implantation at prior myomectomy locations and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women after transcervical resection myomectomy (TCR-M). The aim of the study is to investigate the correlations between placenta implantation at prior myomectomy locations and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women who had previously undergone TCR-M.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study.

Pharmacokinetics of Inter-Alpha Inhibitor Proteins and Effects on Hemostasis After Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Neonatal Rats.

Background: Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is a leading cause of long-term neurodevelopmental morbidities in neonates. Human plasma-derived Inter-Alpha Inhibitor Proteins (hIAIPs) are neuroprotective after HI brain injury in neonatal rats. The light chain (bikunin) of hIAIPs inhibits proteases involved in the coagulation of blood.

Primary malignant melanoma of the uterine cervix or vagina which were successfully treated with nivolumab.

Primary malignant melanomas (MM) originating from the gynecological tract are rare. They respond poorly to immunotherapy when compared with cutaneous MM. This study reports two cases.

Inter-alpha Inhibitor Proteins Modulate Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers After Hypoxia-Ischemia in Neonatal Rats.

Neuroinflammation contributes to hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury. Inter-alpha inhibitor proteins (IAIPs) have important immunomodulatory properties. Human (h) plasma-derived IAIPs reduce brain injury and improve neurobehavioral outcomes after HI.

Twelve-year experience of office-setting removal of lost intrauterine devices in place for more than 10 years.

We investigated the effectiveness of removing lost intrauterine devices (IUDs) that had been in place for over 10 years, using Lin's biopsy grasper in an office setting. This single-centre, retrospective study conducted between March 2006 and June 2018 included 49 women who had had an IUD in place for contraception for more than 10 years and who underwent removal of the lost IUD using Lin's biopsy grasper under transabdominal sonography without use of a tenaculum, anaesthesia and analgesia, after dilation of the cervical os and hysteroscopy. The women's median age was 52 years (range 34-80 years) and the median duration of insertion was 17 years (range 10-43 years).

Neuroprotective effects of inter-alpha inhibitor proteins after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats.

Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is one of the most common neurological problems occurring in the perinatal period. Hypothermia is the only approved intervention for neonatal HI encephalopathy. However, this treatment is only partially protective, has a narrow therapeutic time window after birth and only can be used to treat full-term infants.

Is the risk of small for gestational age influenced by maternal body composition in young Japanese women?

We aimed to investigate whether there was a high incidence of young Japanese mothers being underweight (pregravid body mass index [BMI] < 18.5 kg/m) and if they delivered infants who were small for gestational age (SGA). Our study was carried out from 2013 to 2017 and included adolescent women (maternal age at delivery: <20 years old;  = 94), women in their early twenties (maternal age at delivery: 20-24 years;  = 479), and controls (maternal age at delivery: 25-34 years;  = 2061).

Clinical application of Lin's biopsy grasper for intrauterine targeted biopsy and polypectomy during office hysteroscopy.

Objective: Hysteroscopy has widely been used for diagnosis of the uterine cavity; however, target biopsy has often been difficult in part to the inherent limitations of ancillary instruments. Lin's biopsy grasper was specifically designed to work in conjunction with a flexible hysteroscope to obtain intrauterine biopsy under transabdominal sonography. Herein, we share our clinical experience in the management of endometrial abnormalities with the use of Lin's biopsy grasper during office-based hysteroscopy.

Development of pseudoaneurysm in cesarean section scar pregnancy: a case report and literature review.

Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy. It is becoming more common, but it can lead to uterine rupture and severe hemorrhage. Here, we report a case of a 37-year-old woman with CSP complicated with pseudoaneurysm.

Hysteroscopic Transcervical Resection for Atypical Polypoid Adenomyoma of the Uterus: A Valid, Fertility-Preserving Option.

Study Objective: To evaluate hysteroscopic transcervical resection (TCR) for atypical polypoid adenomyoma of the uterus (APA).

Design: Retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

Setting: Single tertiary hospital.