Antioxidant, antiproliferative, and apoptotic activity of thymoquinone against benzo(a)pyrene-induced experimental lung cancer.

Several studies have suggested that increased consumption of phytochemicals is a comparatively easy and practical strategy to significantly decrease the incidence of cancer. In the present study, we have reported the protective effect of a natural compound, thymoquinone (TQ) against benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)-induced lung carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice. B(a)P (50 mg/kg body weight) was administered twice weekly for four successive weeks and left until 20 weeks to induce lung cancer in mice.

Anticancer Effects of J. Presl, Cinnamaldehyde, 4 Hydroxycinnamic Acid and Eugenol on an Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line.

Aim And Objective: The present study was conducted to assess the anticancer effects of J. Presl extract and its active constituents, such as cinnamaldehyde, 4 hydroxycinnamic acid, and eugenol on oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line.

Materials And Methods: Aqueous, ethanolic, and hydroalcoholic extracts of J.

Taurine abrogates mammary carcinogenesis through induction of apoptosis in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Breast cancer is one of the most severe problems in oncology. Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid with vital biological functions. The current study was intended to investigate the abnormalities in the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins that lead to the progression of 7,12-dimethyl benz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer and to expose the protective effect of taurine on it.

Cellular metabolic energy modulation by tangeretin in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene-induced breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women worldwide. Chemoprevention and chemotherapy play beneficial roles in reducing the incidence and mortality of cancer. Epidemiological and experimental studies showed that naturally-occurring antioxidants present in the diet may act as anticancer agents.

Modulatory Effect of Taurine on 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)Anthracene-Induced Alterations in Detoxification Enzyme System, Membrane Bound Enzymes, Glycoprotein Profile and Proliferative Cell Nuclear Antigen in Rat Breast Tissue.

The modulatory effect of taurine on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer in rats was studied. DMBA (25 mg/kg body weight) was administered to induce breast cancer in rats. Protein carbonyl levels, activities of membrane bound enzymes (Na(+) /K(+) ATPase, Ca(2+) ATPase, and Mg(2+) ATPase), phase I drug metabolizing enzymes (cytochrome P450, cytochrome b5, NADPH cytochrome c reductase), phase II drug metabolizing enzymes (glutathione-S-transferase and UDP-glucuronyl transferase), glycoprotein levels, and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were studied.

Taurine Regulates Mitochondrial Function During 7,12-Dimethyl Benz[a]anthracene Induced Experimental Mammary Carcinogenesis.

Objectives: The present study was undertaken to determine the modulatory effect of taurine on the liver mitochondrial enzyme system with reference to mitochondrial lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidants, major tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes, and electron transport chain enzymes during 7,12-dimethyl benz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced breast cancer in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Methods: Animals in which breast cancer had been induced by using DMBA (25 mg/kg body weight) showed an increase in mitochondrial LPO together with decreases in enzymic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)), non-enzymic antioxidants (reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C, and vitamin E), in citric acid cycle enzymes (isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (alpha KDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH)), and in electron transport chain (ETC) complexes.

Results: Taurine (100 mg/kg body weight) treatment decreased liver mitochondrial LPO and augmented the activities/levels of enzymic, and non-enzymic antioxidants, tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes and ETC complexes.

Potent chemopreventive effect of mangiferin on lung carcinogenesis in experimental Swiss albino mice.

Aim Of The Study: In the present study the effects of mangiferin were tested against lung cancer-bearing mice in both the pre-initiation and post-initiation periods.

Materials And Methods: Healthy male Swiss albino mice (6-8 weeks old) were used throughout the study. The animals were treated with mangiferin (100 mg/kg body weight dissolved in corn oil) two weeks before (pre-initiation) and the twelfth week after (post-initiation) the establishment of B (a) P (50 mg/kg body weight)-induced lung carcinoma.

Antitumor efficacy of tangeretin by targeting the oxidative stress mediated on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene-induced proliferative breast cancer in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to assess the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic efficacy of tangeretin on DMBA-induced oxidative stress in breast cancer-bearing Sprague-Dawley rats.

Methods: In this study, the experimental animals were divided into five groups of six animals each. Group I was control, Group II was DMBA-induced breast cancer-bearing rats, Group III was tangeretin pre-treated (50 mg/kg body weight for 30 days orally) breast cancer-bearing animals, Group IV was tangeretin post-treated (50 mg/kg body weight for 30 days orally) and Group V was tangeretin (50 mg/kg body weight) alone treated animals.

The vascular endothelium and human diseases.

Alterations of endothelial cells and the vasculature play a central role in the pathogenesis of a broad spectrum of the most dreadful of human diseases, as endothelial cells have the key function of participating in the maintenance of patent and functional capillaries. The endothelium is directly involved in peripheral vascular disease, stroke, heart disease, diabetes, insulin resistance, chronic kidney failure, tumor growth, metastasis, venous thrombosis, and severe viral infectious diseases. Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium is thus a hallmark of human diseases.

Immunomodulatory Effect of Mangiferin in Experimental Animals with Benzo(a)Pyrene-induced Lung Carcinogenesis.

The immunomodulatory activity of mangiferin was studied in various groups of animals. For this study, adult Swiss albino male mice were treated with benzo(a)pyrene, abbreviated as B(a)P, at 50 mg/kg body weight orally twice a week for 4 weeks; and mangiferin was also given orally (pre- and post-initiation of carcinoma) at 100 mg/kg body weight. Immunocompetence and immune complexes as measured by phagocyte index, avidity index, and soluble immune complex (SIC) levels (p<0.

Apoptotic role of natural isothiocyanate from broccoli (Brassica oleracea italica) in experimental chemical lung carcinogenesis.

Context: Sulforaphane (SFN) [1-isothiocyanato-4-(methylsulfinyl)butane] is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli [Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck.

Resveratrol interferes with N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma at early and advanced stages in male Wistar rats.

Resveratrol, a phytochemical compound abundant in red wine and grapes, is known to affect cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. A great amount of data have indicated the therapeutic benefits of resveratrol against cancer. However, it remains unclear whether these benefits are similar and equally effective in both the early and advanced stages of cancer or carcinogenesis.

In vitro and in vivo studies on antitumor effects of gossypol on human stomach adenocarcinoma (AGS) cell line and MNNG induced experimental gastric cancer.

The present study has evaluated the chemopreventive effects of gossypol on N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastric carcinogenesis and on human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cell line. Gossypol, C(30)H(30)O(8), is a polyphenolic compound that has anti proliferative effect and induces apoptosis in various cancer cells. The aim of this work was to delineate in vivo and in vitro anti-initiating mechanisms of orally administered gossypol in target (stomach) tissues and in human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cell line.

Chemopreventive role of sulforaphane by upholding the GSH redox cycle in pre- and post-initiation phases of experimental lung carcinogenesis.

Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural, biologically active compound extracted from cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cabbage with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. The present study was carried to assess cytoprotective potential in alleviating oxidative stress, to influence the initiation and subsequent carcinogenesis caused by benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] administration in the pre- and post-initiation phases of carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice. Sulforaphane, supplemented orally at a dose of 9μmoles /mouse/day was found to greatly lessen the damaging effects of B(a)P in mice by increasing the availability of reducing equivalents to fulfil the futile GSH redox cycle and replenish GSH biosynthesis, stabilizing the thiol status.

Role of sulforaphane in the anti-initiating mechanism of lung carcinogenesis in vivo by modulating the metabolic activation and detoxification of benzo(a)pyrene.

Biomarkers are central to the molecular epidemiology approach. Since scientific research progress within this standard, a more complete biological understanding of the specific events underlying the multistage carcinogenesis model is essential. Hence the present investigation was designed to assess the anti-initiating potential of Sulforaphane (SFN) against benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] induced lung carcinogenesis in female Swiss Albino Mice by evaluating the activities of xenobiotic markers, and the balance between phase I and phase II carcinogen/drug metabolizing enzymes.

Protective role of sulforaphane against oxidative stress mediated mitochondrial dysfunction induced by benzo(a)pyrene in female Swiss albino mice.

Recent focus of cancer chemoprevention is on intermediate biomarkers capable of detecting early changes that can be correlated with inhibition of carcinogenic initiation and progression. The present study aimed to delineate in vivo anti-initiating mechanisms of orally administered sulforaphane (SFN) with special reference to mitochondrial dysfunction in target (lungs) and non-target (liver) tissues employing benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] as the model carcinogen. The recent revival of interest in the study of mitochondria has been stimulated by the evidence that genetic and/or metabolic alterations in this organelle lead to a variety of human diseases including cancer.

Effect of fresh apple extract on glycated protein/iron chelate-induced toxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro.

Consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with a low incidence of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases. The present study was aimed at evaluating the protective effects of fresh apple extract (AE) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) exposed to cytotoxic glycated protein (GFBS)/iron (FeCl(3)) chelate. The experimental design comprised 10 groups with 5 flasks in each group.

Ursolic acid attenuates oxidative stress-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma induction by diethylnitrosamine in male Wistar rats.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary cancer of the liver in Asian countries. For more than a decade natural dietary agents including fruits, vegetables and spices have drawn a great deal of attention in the prevention of diseases, preferably cancer. Ursolic acid is a natural triterpenoid widely found in food, medicinal herbs, apple peel and other products it has been extensively studied for its anticancer and antioxidant properties.

Cytoprotective role of astaxanthin against glycated protein/iron chelate-induced toxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Astaxanthin (ASX), a red carotenoid pigment with no pro-vitamin A activity, is a biological antioxidant that occurs naturally in a wide variety of plants, algae and seafoods. This study investigated whether ASX could inhibit glycated protein/iron chelate-induced toxicity in human umbilical-vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) by interfering with ROS generation in these cells. Glycated fetal bovine serum (GFBS) was prepared by incubating fetal bovine serum (FBS) with high-concentration glucose.

Naringenin reduces tumor size and weight lost in N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced gastric carcinogenesis in rats.

Carcinoma of the stomach is reportedly the second most common cancerous condition affecting the general population. Administration of antioxidants is reported to effectively alleviate the risk of gastric carcinoma. Therefore, we assessed the protective role of naringenin, an antioxidant and naturally occurring citrus flavanone, on gastric carcinogenesis induced by MNNG (200 mg/kg body weight) and S-NaCl (1 mL per rat) in Wistar rats (obtained from the Central Animal House Facility, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India).

In vivo protective effect of crocetin on benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung cancer in Swiss albino mice.

The objective of this investigation was to determine the efficacy of crocetin in preventing lung tumorigenesis in mice. We evaluated crocetin in Swiss albino mice treated with the tobacco-specific carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] for their ability to inhibit pulmonary adenoma formation and growth. Male Swiss albino mice (7 weeks old) were given 100 mg/kg B(a)P by i.

Anti-cancer effect of Cassia auriculata leaf extract in vitro through cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in human breast and larynx cancer cell lines.

The in vitro anti-cancer effect of Cassia auriculata leaf extract (CALE) was evaluated in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 and human larynx carcinoma Hep-2 cell lines. CALE preferentially inhibited the growth of both the cell lines in a dose-dependent manner with IC(50) values of 400 and 500 microg for MCF-7 and Hep-2 cells, respectively. The results showed the anti-cancer action is due to nuclear fragmentation and condensation, associated with the appearance of A(0) peak in cell cycle analysis that is indicative of apoptosis.

Chemopreventive efficacy of mangiferin against benzo(a)pyrene induced lung carcinogenesis in experimental animals.

Chemoprevention has emerged as a very effective preventive measure against carcinogenesis. Several bioactive compounds present in fruits and vegetables have revealed their cancer curative potential on carcinogenesis. Tumor markers correlate strongly with prognosis on tumor burden.

Cytoprotective effect of mangiferin on benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung carcinogenesis in swiss albino mice.

Antioxidants are one of the key players in tumourigenesis, and several natural and synthetic antioxidants have been shown to have anticancer effects. In the present investigation, the efficacy of mangiferin on the antioxidant status of benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice was assessed. The animals were divided into five groups.