Parvovirus B19 detection analysis in thyroid tissue paired samples: an observational study from a tertiary surgical oncology department.

Purpose: In the present study, we sought to investigate the presence of Parvovirus B19 in both abnormal and normal adjacent thyroid tissue specimens after total thyroidectomy as well as the extent that this phenomenon occurs in a population group referred to a tertiary surgical oncology department.

Methods: We detected Parvovirus B19 by Real-Time PCR in both abnormal and normal adjacent thyroid tissue specimens from 41 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for thyroid disease (cancerous or benign). Hashimoto's thyroiditis, thyroid gland weight, maximum size of the predominant thyroid nodule as well as sex and age of the patients were also evaluated in respect to the Parvovirus B19 presence.

Patterns of Lymph Node Metastasis in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer; Clinical Implications with Particular Emphasis on the Emerging Role of Compartment-Oriented Lymph Node Dissection.

Recent advances in modern imaging allow an accurate identification of involved or suspicious lymph nodes within the nodal compartments of the neck. Careful ultrasonographic lymphatic mapping of the neck by an experienced radiologist allows a targeted, compartment-oriented (or selective) lymph node dissection to be performed instead of the more extensive modified radical lymph node dissection. Compartment-oriented lymph node dissection necessitates the close cooperation of an experienced radiologist with a particular interest in thyroid and neck ultrasonography.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios in Detecting Occult Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinomas in Benign Multinodular Goitres.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR) ratios in detecting occult papillary thyroid microcarcinomas in benign, multinodular goitres.

Methods: 397 total thyroidectomy patients were identified from the institutional thyroid surgery database between 2007 and 2016 (94 males, 303 females, mean age 53 ± 14.5 years).

Association of Baseline Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio with Clinicopathological Characteristics of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the potential association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a surrogate systemic inflammatory biomarker, with clinical and pathological characteristics of papillary thyroid cancers.

Methods: 205 patients with papillary carcinoma were identified from the institutional thyroid cancer database between 2006 and 2015 (55 males, 150 females, mean age 51.2 ± 14.

Mucocele of the Appendix: Dilemmas in Differential Diagnosis and Therapeutic Management.

Mucocele of the appendix (AM) is a descriptive term for mucinous distension of the appendiceal lumen. It refers to the progressive retrograde dilatation of the vermiform appendix. Because of a lack of specific signs or due to its sometime quiet presentation, this condition is frequently diagnosed only at an advanced stage.

Pyramidal lobe of the thyroid: anatomical considerations of importance in thyroid cancer surgery.

The pyramidal lobe is a remnant of the thyroglossal duct and is considered a normal component of the thyroid gland. The pyramidal lobe may be affected by the diseases that affect the rest of the thyroid parenchyma. A practicing endocrine surgeon should keep the anatomical variations of the pyramidal lobe in mind to achieve a completely total thyroidectomy, when indicated.

Incidental thyroid C cell hyperplasia: clinical significance and implications in practice.

Incidental C cell hyperplasia (CCH) following thyroidectomy for other indications may rarely be encountered, which may raise concerns about its clinical significance and proper management. CCH can be classified as physiological (reactive) or neoplastic. Reactive CCH has no malignant potential and can be observed in association with many other thyroid diseases (including differentiated thyroid cancer); in contrast, neoplastic CCH should be considered as a preneoplastic stage in the spectrum of C cell disease, ultimately leading to the development of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC).

Investigation of BK virus, Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomavirus sequences in postoperative thyroid gland specimens.

Background: Although recent evidence has implicated viruses in the regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumor progression, little is known regarding viral infections in thyroid malignancies. Thus the aim of this study was to detect sequences of 3 potentially oncogenic viruses - BK virus (BKV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) - in a series of postoperative thyroid gland specimens.

Methods: Thirty patients with thyroid nodules who underwent surgery for thyroid disease within a 3-year period were enrolled.

Hereditary pancreatitis: dilemmas in differential diagnosis and therapeutic approach.

Introduction: Hereditary pancreatitis (HP) is a rare, heterogeneous familial disease and should be suspected in any patient who has suffered at least two attacks of acute pancreatitis for which there is no underlying cause and unexplained chronic pancreatitis with a family history in a first- or second-degree relative. Genetic factors have been implied in cases of familial chronic pancreatitis. The most common PRSS1 mutations worldwide are the R122H and N29I variants.

Expression analysis of B-Raf oncogene in V600E-negative benign and malignant tumors of the thyroid gland: correlation with late disease onset.

B-Raf, a member of the Raf serine/threonine kinase family, is an intermediate molecule in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, which relays extracellular signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus via a cascade of phosphorylation events, ultimately promoting cancer development. This pathway is usually activated in human neoplasias. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of B-Raf in thyroid pathology.

External branch of the superior laryngeal nerve: applied surgical anatomy and implications in thyroid surgery.

The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) is the only motor supply to the cricothyroid muscle and has an important role during phonation in high frequencies. Iatrogenic injury of the EBSLN, most commonly during thyroid surgery, is associated with varying levels of alterations in phonation, which may have an impact on a patient's life, especially when his or her career depends on the full range of voice. EBSLN injury incidence after thyroid surgery ranges widely in the literature (0 to 58%).

Controversies and challenging therapeutic modalities in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer is still the fourth common neoplasm worldwide. Gastric ulcers, adenomatous polyps, and intestinal metaplasia have been associated with an increased relative risk. Tissue diagnosis and anatomic localization of the primary tumor are best obtained by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Molecular biology of pancreatic cancer: how useful is it in clinical practice?

Context: During the recent two decades dramatic advances of molecular biology allowed an in-depth understanding of pancreatic carcinogenesis. It is currently accepted that pancreatic cancer has a genetic component. The real challenge is now how these impressive advances could be used in clinical practice.

Interval routine appendectomy following conservative treatment of acute appendicitis: Is it really needed.

Conservative management of acute appendicitis (AA) is gradually being adopted as a valuable therapeutic choice in the treatment of selected patients with AA. This approach is based on the results of many recent studies indicating that it is a valuable and effective alternative to routine emergency appendectomy. Existing data do not support routine interval appendectomy following successful conservative management of AA; indeed, the risk of recurrence is low.

Necrotizing acute pancreatitis current status - emerging new strategies in surgical management.

Despite that pancreatic necrosis complicates only 15 % of cases of acute pancreatitis (AP), it is associated with high morbidity and considerable mortality. In an attempt to improve prognosis, many surgical strategies have been described during the last few decades. Currently, necrosectomy remains the cornerstone in the surgical treatment of infected pancreatic necrosis and in selected cases of sterile necrotizing pancreatitis.

Individuals at high-risk for pancreatic cancer development: management options and the role of surgery.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal disease. Despite advances regarding the safety and long-term results of pancreatectomies, early diagnosis remains the only hope for cure. This necessitates the implementation of an intensive screening program (based mainly on modern imaging), which - given the incidence of PC - is not cost effective for the general population.

Prophylactic total gastrectomy for hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. Review of the literature.

Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is characterized as an autosomal dominant cancer susceptibility syndrome largely attributable to germline mutations and deletions in the gene encoding E-cadherin, CDH1. Mutation carriers have a more than 70% lifetime risk of developing DGC and an elevated probability of lobular breast cancer. The aim of this review was to evaluate the results of surgical treatment for HDGC with special reference to the extent of its histological spread and to analyze the recent literature in order to provide an update on the current concepts of prophylactic gastrectomy for disease prevention.