The mediating role of obesity in the associations of meal-specific dietary patterns and chrono-nutrition components with cardiometabolic risk factors: structural equation modeling.

Background: Circadian eating patterns and chrono-nutrition may influence obesity and disease incidence. Thus, this study aimed to assess the mediating role of obesity in the relationship between meal-specific dietary patterns (DPs), chrono-nutritional components, and cardiometabolic risk using structural equation modeling (SEM).

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 825 Iranian adults was conducted.

Association of chrono-nutrition components with cardiometabolic health in a sample of Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study.

Chrono-nutrition is an emerging field that examines how the frequency and timing of meals impact health. Previous research shows inconsistency in the relationship between chrono-nutritional components and cardiometabolic health. We investigated cross-sectional associations between these components and cardiometabolic health in 825 Iranian adults aged 20-59 years.

The effect of vitamin D supplementation on depression: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The impact of vitamin D supplementation on depressive symptoms remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the dose-dependent effects of vitamin D supplementation on depressive and anxiety symptoms in adults. We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to December 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of vitamin D supplementation on depression and anxiety symptoms in adults.

Comparative effects of different beverages on weight loss in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Background: There is a lack of clarity on the comparative effects of different beverages on weight loss in adults.

Objective: This study aimed at quantifying and ranking the effects of different beverages on weight loss.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to January 2023.

Association between mealtime distribution of macronutrient and mental health in apparently healthy Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study.

Mental health (MH) disorders are one of the most prevalent global public health issues for a significant portion of the population. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the mealtime distribution of macronutrients and MH in Iranian adults. We used a convenience sampling technique to perform this cross-sectional study.

Evaluation of the Relationship Between Meal-Based Dietary Anti-Oxidant Quality Score with Obesity in Apparently Healthy Adults Attended to Health Care Centers in Tehran.

Background: Studying the dietary antioxidant quality (DAQ) score as a modifiable factor to lessen the negative effects of obesity on health is vital due to the rising global trend of obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine how adult obesity and meal-based DAQ scores correlate.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study including 850 men and women in Tehran was conducted.

Comparative effects of tea and coffee drinking on body weight in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised trials.

We aimed at quantifying the effects of different tea and coffee on weight loss in adults. We searched PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL and grey literature sources to July 2024. The study excluded cross-over trials without washout period, those in critically ill patients, pregnant or breast-feeding women, multicomponent interventions and active control groups with tea or coffee.

Adherence to plant-based diet during pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes: a prospective birth cohort study.

Background: Studies have shown that plant-based foods have a protective effect against gestational diabetes (GDM). We examined the association between plant-based dietary patterns and the risk of GDM in a sample of Iranian adults.

Methods: We enrolled 635 pregnant women for the present study.

Development of a new equation and validation of earlier resting energy expenditure predicting equations in adults living in Tehran.

Background: Predictive equations have been considered as a practical approach for estimating resting energy expenditure (REE) across multiple populations, but their accuracy for each community remains to be determined. Thus, the purposes of this study were to determine the validity of REE predictive equations and to develop a new REE predictive equation in adults living in Tehran.

Methods: The study included 284 subjects (158 females) aged 18-60 years old from two cross-sectional studies conducted in Tehrani populations.

Association of social capital and adherence to a Mediterranean diet in adults living in Tehran: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Understanding the role of social capital in adherence to the Mediterranean diet can inform interventions to promote healthier eating habits in Iranian adults.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Dietary intake was assessed using a 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire.

The effects of time-restricted eating alone or in combination with probiotic supplementation in comparison with a calorie-restricted diet on endocrine and metabolic profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized clinical trial.

Aim: To assess the impact of intermittent fasting, with or without probiotic supplementation, versus a calorie-restricted diet on anthropometric measures, metabolic status and gonadal variables in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm clinical trial. The effects of the 14:10 early time-restricted eating (eTRE) strategy alone or combined with probiotics, on obese women with PCOS, were investigated.

Association of dietary and lifestyle inflammatory indices with type 2 diabetes risk in Iranian adults.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often linked to chronic inflammation, which can be influenced by both lifestyle and dietary choices. However, the relationship between the inflammatory potential of diet and lifestyle factors and the risk of developing T2DM remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the associations of the empirical dietary inflammatory index (EDII), dietary inflammatory score (DIS), and lifestyle inflammatory score (LIS) with the risk of T2DM among Iranian adults.

Effect of Intermittent Fasting on Liver Function Tests: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Context: Intermittent fasting (IF) is a diet strategy with alternate intervals of calorie reduction and normal eating. Despite its beneficial effects on weight loss and cardiometabolic risk factors, the effect of IF on liver function tests (LFTs) remains unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of IF on LFTs through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Efficacy and safety of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation for anxiety symptoms: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background/objectives: There is uncertainty about the optimum dose of omega-3 fatty acids for anxiety symptoms. We aimed to find the dose-dependent effect of omega-3 supplementation on anxiety symptoms.

Methods: We systematically reviewed PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science until December 2022 to find randomized trials that assessed the effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on anxiety symptoms in adults.

Dose-response association of obesity and risk of mental health among tehranian residents: result of a cross-sectional study.

Background: Obesity and mental health issues are two of the most prevalent global public health issues for a significant portion of people. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between obesity indicators and mental health in Tehran-dwelling Iranian adults.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on healthy Iranian adults using a convenience sampling technique.

Validity of dietary assessment methods compared with doubly labeled water in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: We aimed to validate dietary assessment methods against the gold standard, doubly labeled water (DLW), for estimating total energy intake (TEI).

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched until May 2023. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies involving participants aged 1-18 years, employing dietary assessment methods like food records, dietary histories, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), or 24-h recalls estimating TEI alongside DLW to measure total energy expenditure (TEE).

Efficacy of dietary supplements on mortality and clinical outcomes in adults with sepsis and septic shock: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Aim: The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to investigate the effects of different dietary supplements on the mortality and clinical status of adults with sepsis.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials until February 2023. The inclusion criteria were: 1) randomized controlled trials (RCT)s; 2) adults suffering sepsis or septic shock; 3) evaluation of short- or long-mortality; and 4) publications between 1994 and 2023.

Association of healthy eating index and self-rated health in adults living in Tehran: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Self-rated health (SRH) has been identified in many studies as a valid predictor of mortality and healthcare utilization. There is limited research on SRH and dietary intake. This study aimed to investigate the association between healthy eating index (HEI) and SRH in adults living in Tehran.

The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Weight Loss, Glycemic Control, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Purpose: L-carnitine supplementation has been recommended to improve cardiometabolic health markers in diabetic patients. Our purpose was to assess the dose-dependent effects of l-carnitine supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched until May 2022 for randomized controlled trials that examined the impact of l-carnitine supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with type 2 diabetes.

The effects of intermittent fasting diet on quality of life, clinical symptoms, inflammation, and oxidative stress in overweight and obese postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is known as a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder that primarily targets synovial joints, and may cause pain and functional limitations. Studies show diet can have beneficial effects on symptoms and oxidative stress of this disease. Intermittent fasting (IF) is a dietary approach with cycles of fasting and intake.

Higher dietary methyl donor micronutrient consumption is associated with higher muscle strength in adults: a cross-sectional study.

Methyl donor micronutrients might affect muscle strength via DNA methylation. We aimed to evaluate the combined relationship of dietary methyl donor micronutrients containing betaine, choline, methionine, vitamin B, vitamin B and folate on muscle strength. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 267 subjects including 113 men and 154 women.

Consumption of red and processed meat during early pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes: a prospective birth cohort study.

To investigate the association of red and processed meat intake with the risk of gestational diabetes (GDM) in Iranian mothers. A total of 635 pregnant mothers were included. Dietary intake was assessed by a 90-item food frequency questionnaire during the first trimester of pregnancy.

The effects of probiotic supplements on oxidative stress and inflammation in subjects with mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Through modulating effects on the gut-brain axis, probiotics are an effective adjuvant treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of our century's most important medical care challenges (Agahi et al. Front Neurol 9:662, 2018). This trial aimed to examine the effects of two different single-strain probiotics on oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with mild and moderate AD.

A dose-response meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials investigating the effects of omega-3 supplementation on body weight in patients with cancer cachexia.

Background: Cachexia is one of the side effects of cancer diseases that can be reduced weight, and lower overall survival. Weight loss has been associated with adverse outcomes in both cancer patients and patients with benign diseases. There is no definitive treatment for fully reverse cachexia.