The preventive effects of natural plant compound carvacrol against combined UVA and UVB-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in skin damage of rats.

The skin is constantly exposed to a variety of environmental stressors, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Exposure of the skin to UV radiation causes a number of detrimental biological damages such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The ER stress response is a cytoprotective mechanism that maintains homeostasis of the ER by increasing the capacity of the ER against the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER.

A benzimidazolium salt induces apoptosis and arrests cells at sub-G1 phase in epithelial ovarian cancer cells.

Background: Ovarian cancer, also known as a silent killer, is the deadliest gynecological cancer in women worldwide. Epithelial ovarian cancers constitute the majority of ovarian cancers, and diagnosis can be made in advanced stages, which greatly reduces the likelihood of treatment and lowers the survival rate. For the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancers, the search for synthetic agents as well as agents of natural origin continues.

β-Escin reduces cancer progression in aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells by inhibiting glutamine metabolism through downregulation of c-myc oncogene.

Background: The c-myc oncogene, which causes glutamine dependence in triple negative breast cancers (TNBC), is also the target of one of the signaling pathways affected by β-Escin.

Methods And Results: We sought to determine how c-myc protein affects glutamine metabolism and the proteins, glutamine transporter alanine-serine-cysteine 2 (ASCT2) and glutaminase (GLS1), in β-Escin-treated MDA-MB-231 cells using glutamine uptake and western blot analysis. Cell viability, colony formation, migration and apoptosis were also evaluated in MDA-MB-231 cells in response to β-Escin treatment using MTS, colony forming, wound healing, and Annexin-V assay.

Pain management practices in the emergency departments in Turkey.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate pain management practices in the emergency departments (EDs) in Turkey and to evaluate the prevalence and etiologies of oligoanalgesia to identify possible improvement strategies.

Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 10 tertiary care hospitals in Turkey. Patients who were admitted to the ED with pain chief complaints were included in the study.