A Case of Strabismus Fixus With Extremely Long Axial Length Results in Improvement of Limitation of Abduction by the Yokoyama Procedure.

Acquired strabismus in high myopia is typically fixed in the positions of adduction and depression, with restrictions in both abduction and elevation. As a treatment for myopic strabismus fixus, the Yokoyama procedure is effective. We report a case of strabismus fixus with a long axial length (34 mm), in which abduction limitation was improved by the Yokoyama procedure with medial rectus recession.

Intraocular pressure-lowering effects of ripasudil, a rho-kinase inhibitor, and selective laser trabeculoplasty as adjuvant therapy in patients with uncontrolled glaucoma.

Objectives: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effects of ripasudil, a rho-kinase inhibitor, and selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) as adjuvant therapy in Japanese glaucoma patients and to identify the factors associated with treatment success.

Methods: We performed a retrospective medical chart review of patients with glaucoma who received ripasudil or SLT as an adjuvant therapy. We collected data on 65 eyes (65 patients) with primary open-angle glaucoma, normal-tension glaucoma, or exfoliation glaucoma with at least 12 months of follow-up.

Author Correction: Changes in Distribution of Dry Eye Disease by the New 2016 Diagnostic Criteria from the Asia Dry Eye Society.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Changes in Distribution of Dry Eye Disease by the New 2016 Diagnostic Criteria from the Asia Dry Eye Society.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a disorder of the tear film. Here, we delineate the changes in distribution of DED after diagnostic criteria changes from the 2006 Japanese Diagnostic Criteria to the 2016 Asia Dry Eye Society criteria. We included 250 right eyes of 250 patients and all patients completed ophthalmic assessments for DED.

Multifocal visual evoked potential is dependent on electrode position.

Purpose: To investigate whether the multifocal visual evoked potential (mVEP) is dependent on the electrode position, and to confirm the reproducibility of the mVEP.

Methods: The mVEPs were recorded using the Veris III system with two different bipolar electrode settings. In Position 1, electrodes were placed at equal distances in vertical alignment 2 cm above and below the inion.

Multifocal electroretinograms in early primary open-angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To determine the utility of multifocal electroretinograms (mfERGs) in patients with early primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) with unilateral visual field abnormalities.

Methods: mfERGs were recorded from 24 eyes of 12 cases of early POAG (stage I for 1 eye and stage II for the other eye on the Kosaki scale). The implicit times and amplitudes of the second-order kernel summed for the whole visual field, for the superior and inferior hemi-fields, and for quadrantic fields of the stage I and stage II eyes were compared.

Analysis of second-order kernel response components of multifocal electroretinograms elicited from normal subjects.

Purpose: It has been reported that the second-order kernel response components of multifocal electroretinograms (mERGs) reflect the electrical activity of the inner retinal layers. In this study, we have investigated whether the amplitudes of the second-order kernel response components correlate with the spatial distribution of human retinal ganglion cells.

Methods: Multifocal electroretinograms were recorded using the Veris III system from 5 healthy subjects with different stimulus and recording parameters.

A basic investigation of multifocal electroretinogram: reproducibility and effect of luminance.

Purpose: To investigate the reproducibility as well as the effect of luminance in multifocal electroretinogram (mERG).

Methods: Multifocal electroretinogram recordings were repeated on different days in 6 normal subjects using the Veris III system. The mean luminance of the monitor displaying the stimuli was randomly varied by five kinds of neutral density (ND) filters.

[Detection of parafoveal scotoma by multifocal electroretinograms].

We investigated the relation between multifocal electroretinograms (M-ERGs) and artificial parafoveal scotoma. M-ERGs were recorded from normal subjects using a circular piece of black paper attached to a monitor. Lower response density around the 10 to 15 degree parafovea region was not observed up to 3 degree scotoma (visual angle), but was detected above 5 degree scotoma in field topography of M-ERGs.

[Mitotic activity of rabbit corneal epithelium in vitro].

It is difficult to maintain corneal epithelial cells for several passages in culture. At a first step to establish a culture system for corneal epithelium, the authors evaluated factors which seemed to be involved in the growth kinetics and mitotic activity of rabbit corneal epithelium in vitro. First of all, to compare the growth kinetics of peripheral and central epithelium, we measured the areas and distances of the epithelium that outgrew from peripheral and central explants in culture.