Exploring Concurrent Approach for Respiratory Epidemiological Surveillance and Symptom Screening (CARES): a new strategy for preventing respiratory infection outbreaks in long-term care facilities.

Objective: The Concurrent Approach for Respiratory Epidemiological Surveillance and Symptom Screening (CARES) combines symptom screening to prevent external respiratory infections by managing staff and visitor health and surveillance to monitor the infection rates within the facility and take timely decisions on activity programs based on outbreak prevalence. This study examines the efficacy of the CARES strategy in preventing respiratory infection outbreaks in long-term care facilities.

Design: Prospective cohort study utilizing historical controls including an intervention and control group.

Downregulation of fascin induces collective cell migration in triple‑negative breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common types of cancer affecting female patients. Triple‑negative BC (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype. Fascin, an actin‑bundling protein, serves a significant role in cancer metastasis.

Enhanced ion acceleration from transparency-driven foils demonstrated at two ultraintense laser facilities.

Laser-driven ion sources are a rapidly developing technology producing high energy, high peak current beams. Their suitability for applications, such as compact medical accelerators, motivates development of robust acceleration schemes using widely available repetitive ultraintense femtosecond lasers. These applications not only require high beam energy, but also place demanding requirements on the source stability and controllability.

Healthcare workers' presenteeism causing an outbreak of respiratory infections in a facility for patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities.

Background: This study aimed to identify the source of infection and medical costs for a respiratory infection outbreak in a facility for patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID). Presenteeism refers to a situation wherein a person continues going to work despite being ill.

Methods: The cohort included 1 healthcare worker and 17 patients who developed a fever of ≥37.

Correction: Metabolomic analysis of uterine serous carcinoma with acquired resistance to paclitaxel.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25868.

Fascin-1 is associated with recurrence in solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma.

Fascin-1, an actin-bundling protein, is associated with poor prognosis in patients with various types of human carcinoma. However, research is limited on the role of fascin-1 in sarcoma. Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) and hemangiopericytoma (HPC) are rare sarcomas derived from the mesenchyme.

Family Presence Restrictions and Telemedicine Use in Neonatal Intensive Care Units during the Coronavirus Disease Pandemic.

We aimed to describe parental presence policy and telemedicine use in Japanese neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) before and during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. This cross-sectional study was performed through an online survey in 110 level III units from 19 November 2020 to 18 December 2020. Nurses' evaluation of the current situation (during COVID-19) was compared with their retrospective pre-COVID-19 (December 2019) evaluation.

The formation process of button ulcers in pigs experimentally infected with a subgenotype 2.1 isolate of classical swine fever virus.

We evaluated the role of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in the formation of button ulcers in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of pigs experimentally infected with a subgenotype 2.1 isolate of CSFV, which was isolated in Japan in 2019, revealed follicular necrosis in the submucosal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and herniation of crypts as factors that contribute to the development of button ulcers during CSFV infection.

Absolute response of a Fuji BAS-TR imaging plate to low-energy protons (<0.2 MeV) and carbon ions (<1 MeV).

This paper reports on the absolute response of a Fuji BAS-TR image plate to relatively low-energy protons (<0.2 MeV) and carbon ions (<1 MeV) accelerated by a 10-TW-class compact high-intensity laser system. A Thomson parabola spectrometer was used to discriminate between different ion species while dispersing the ions according to their kinetic energy.

Ion species discrimination method by linear energy transfer measurement in Fujifilm BAS-SR imaging plate.

We have developed a novel discrimination methodology to identify ions in multispecies beams with similar charge-to-mass ratios, but different atomic numbers. After an initial separation by charge-to-mass ratios using co-linear electric and magnetic fields, individual ions can be discriminated by considering the linear energy transfer of ions irradiating a stimulable phosphor plate (Fujifilm imaging plate) by comparison with the Monte Carlo calculation. We apply the method to energetic multispecies laser-driven ion beams and use it to identify silver ions produced by the interaction between a high contrast, high intensity laser pulse; and a sub-micrometer silver foil target.

New algorithm using L1 regularization for measuring electron energy spectra.

Retrieving the spectrum of physical radiation from experimental measurements typically involves using a mathematical algorithm to deconvolve the instrument response function from the measured signal. However, in the field of signal processing known as "Source Separation" (SS), which refers to the process of computationally retrieving the separate source components that generate an overlapping signal on the detector, the deconvolution process can become an ill-posed problem and crosstalk complicates the separation of the individual sources. To overcome this problem, we have designed a magnetic spectrometer for inline electron energy spectrum diagnosis and developed an analysis algorithm using techniques applicable to the problem of SS.

Compact Thomson parabola spectrometer with variability of energy range and measurability of angular distribution for low-energy laser-driven accelerated ions.

This article reports the development of a compact Thomson parabola spectrometer for laser-accelerated ions that can measure angular distribution with a high energy resolution and has a variable measurable energy range. The angular-resolved energy spectra for different ion species can be measured in a single shot, and the sampling angle can be selected from outside the vacuum region. The electric and magnetic fields are applied to the ion dispersion by using a permanent magnetic circuit and annulus sector-shaped electrodes with a wedge configuration.

Effect of Small Focus on Electron Heating and Proton Acceleration in Ultrarelativistic Laser-Solid Interactions.

Acceleration of particles from the interaction of ultraintense laser pulses up to 5×10^{21}  W cm^{-2} with thin foils is investigated experimentally. The electron beam parameters varied with decreasing spot size, not just laser intensity, resulting in reduced temperatures and divergence. In particular, the temperature saturated due to insufficient acceleration length in the tightly focused spot.

Successful management of cutaneous lymphangitis carcinomatosa arising from cervical cancer with paclitaxel-cisplatin and bevacizumab combination therapy: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Globally, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. Here, we report a case of cutaneous lymphangitis carcinomatosa arising from cervical cancer, an extremely rare and treatment-resistant condition.

Case Presentation: A 64-year-old Japanese woman presented with genital bleeding.

Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of the afucosylated, humanized anti-EPHA2 antibody DS-8895a: a first-in-human phase I dose escalation and dose expansion study in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Background: Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A2 (EPHA2) is overexpressed on the cell surface in many cancers and predicts poor prognosis. DS-8895a is a humanized anti-EPHA2 IgG1 monoclonal antibody afucosylated to enhance antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity. We conducted a two-step, phase I, multicenter, open-label study to determine the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of DS-8895a in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Maximal sterile barrier precautions independently contribute to decreased central line-associated bloodstream infection in very low birth weight infants: A prospective multicenter observational study.

Background: The use of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in neonates differs among various institutions and countries because there are no random controlled trials or large observational studies regarding maximal sterile barrier (MSB) precautions in neonatal intensive care units. Our objective was to investigate the association of MSB implementation with central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) in very low birth weight infants.

Methods: This was a prospective multicenter observational study in Japan of infants with birth weight less than 1501 grams and in whom a PICC was placed for the first time between October 2014 and March 2017.

The Utility of Applying Various Image Preprocessing Strategies to Reduce the Ambiguity in Deep Learning-based Clinical Image Diagnosis.

Purpose: A general problem of machine-learning algorithms based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) technique is that the reason for the output judgement is unclear. The purpose of this study was to introduce a strategy that may facilitate better understanding of how and why a specific judgement was made by the algorithm. The strategy is to preprocess the input image data in different ways to highlight the most important aspects of the images for reaching the output judgement.

Metabolomic analysis of uterine serous carcinoma with acquired resistance to paclitaxel.

Introduction: Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is more aggressive than other subtypes of endometrial carcinoma and is associated with a poor prognosis. We analyzed the metabolomic profile of USC with acquired resistance to paclitaxel.

Results: Glutathione (GSH) concentration in PTX-1 cells was higher than in USPC-1 cells.

Ultrasound scattering by aggregated red blood cells in patients with diabetes.

Purpose: To develop methods for noninvasively and quantitatively measuring blood glucose levels.

Methods: In the present study, we evaluated the degree of red blood cell (RBC) aggregation at a low shear rate robustly by introducing two new parameters determined from changes in the scattering power spectrum of the echoes from the intravascular lumen before and after cessation of blood flow. We also considered the clinical significance of these parameters and the change in sizes estimated by the conventional method by comparing them with the blood glucose level obtained just before the ultrasonic measurements.

High-contrast high-intensity repetitive petawatt laser.

We report the generation of 63 J of broadband pulse energies at 0.1 Hz from the J-KAREN-P laser, which is based on an OPCPA/Ti:sapphire hybrid architecture. Pulse compression down to 30 fs indicates a peak power of over 1 PW.

Tumor lysis syndrome associated with docetaxel and carboplatin in a case with recurrent endometrial cancer.

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncological life-threatening complication characterized by hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperkalemia, which can lead to acute renal failure, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest and seizures. Although TLS is a rare complication in patients with non-hematological malignancy, the mortality rate of TLS in solid tumors is higher than that in hematological malignancies. Acute renal injury is the most common cause of mortality associated with TLS in solid tumors.

Absence of histopathological changes in the retina of zebrafish treated with sodium iodate.

In ophthalmological research, the use of zebrafish to investigate visual behaviors has been increasing, but can produce misleading, false-positive results if compounds adversely affect their motor functions or central nervous system. Therefore, histological analysis to identify a target organ is important in zebrafish toxicity assay. We investigated the retinal degeneration in zebrafish, using typical retinal toxicants, mainly sodium iodate and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU).

A reaction mechanism-based prediction of mutagenicity: α-halo carbonyl compounds adduct with DNA by S2 reaction.

Most of the α-halo carbonyl (AHC) compounds tend to be predicted as mutagenic by structure-activity relationship based on structural category only, because they have an alkyl halide structure as a structural alert of mutagenicity. However, some AHC compounds are not mutagenic. We hypothesized that AHC reacts with DNA by S2 reaction, and the reactivity relates to mutagenicity.