Association of walking and activities of daily living with muscle thickness of the trunk and lower extremity muscles in children with down syndrome.

Purpose: We examined the association of walking and activities of daily living(ADL) with trunk and lower extremity muscle thickness in children with Down syndrome (DS).

Methods: 27 children with DS participated in this study. Walking was assessed using measurements of the maximal walking speed and step length, while ADL was assessed using the Pediatric Evaluation of DisabilityInventory (PEDI).

Comparison of the Upper and Lower Extremity and Trunk Muscle Masses between Children with Down Syndrome and Children with Typical Development.

Purpose: Comparison of not only the upper and lower extremity but also trunk muscle masses measured by means of an ultrasound imaging device between children with Down syndrome (DS) and children with typical development (TD).

Methods: The study included 35 children with TD (TD group) and 26 children with DS (DS group). The upper and lower extremity and trunk muscle thicknesses were measured using an ultrasound imaging device.

Comparison of the degree of pes planovalgus and muscle mass of the ankle joint and foot muscles between children with Down syndrome and children with typical development.

We aimed to compare the degree of pes planovalgus and muscle mass of the ankle joint and foot muscles between children with Down syndrome (DS) and children with typical development (TD). We also examined the association of the degree of pes planovalgus with muscle mass of the ankle joint and foot muscles in children with DS and children with TD. The subjects were 24 children with TD (control [CTR] group) and 23 children with DS (DS group).

Comparison of primary thyroid lymphoma with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma on computed tomographic imaging.

Purpose: Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (LY) and anaplastic carcinoma (AC) of the thyroid gland are rare malignant tumors, and the initial symptoms of these diseases are very similar. The aim of our study was to compare the characteristics of the two diseases using computed tomographic (CT) scans in order to make an accurate differential diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: Ten patients with LY and 10 with AC were analyzed.

[Four cases of an extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck].

From 1987 to 1988, four patients with solitary, extramedullary plasmacytomas of the head and neck were seen at the Gunma Cancer Center Hospital. With reference to such plasmacytomas, we have reviewed the medical literature regarding these tumors and mainly present the results of radiation therapy with respect to these patients. One patient, who had a local recurrence after surgical treatment, underwent radiation therapy (36Gy in four weeks) that resulted in good local control of the disease.

[Three cases of thyroid cancer, including a component of squamous cell carcinoma].

A squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland is rare and its prognosis is poor. Three cases of a rare thyroid cancer are reported, the first case being an adenosquamous cell carcinoma of a 75-year-old male and the second case being a pure squamous cell carcinoma of a 64-year-old male. These two cases were pathologically diagnosed on autopsy.

[The effectiveness of radiation therapy in bone metastasis from breast cancer].

48 cases with bone metastasis from breast cancer were treated by radiation therapy. Result; 1) The effective ratio of radiation therapy on symptomatic relief of pain was 83%. 2) In 90% of effective cases, patients felt pain relief at 20 Gy.

[Autopsy findings in 255 cases of head and neck cancer].

Two hundred and fifty-five autopsies of patients with head and neck cancers were performed at Gunma Cancer Center between 1972 and 1986. This figure accounts for 27.8% of the total number of autopsies at the Center which was 917 cases during the period.

[Pleural thickening associated with solitary pulmonary nodule: evaluation with thin-slice CT].

Thin-slice CT was performed in 39 cases with a solitary pulmonary nodule abutting on the chest wall. Fifteen cases had bronchogenic carcinomas and the other 24 had benign non-neoplastic pulmonary nodules. CT findings were evaluated retrospectively paying special attention to the angle of the lesion with adjacent pleura, the homogeneity of the boundary between the lesion and the pleura, the configuration of the pleural thickening (broad or not, symmetric or not, tapering or not) and the visibility of the extrapleural fat plane.

[An evaluation of multi-disciplinary treatment combined with intra-arterial chemotherapy of head and neck cancer].

Seventy-five cases of head and neck cancer except of maxillary sinus, 27 cases of mesopharyngeal cancer, 6 cases of oral cancer, 9 cases of thyroid cancer and 9 cases of the other cancer, were treated with this multi-disciplinary treatment and the results were evaluated in this series. An intraarterial infusion drug, 5-FU, was used mainly through the superficial temporal artery. The five year survival rate was 46.

[Radiotherapy in trimodal combination therapy of maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma].

From May 1979 to December 1982, 31 patients with reappraisable preoperative CT were treated with trimodal combination therapy for maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma. The three-year cumulative survival rate of all cases was 43% and the two-year cumulative local control rate was 44%. The 5-FU distribution in infusion chemotherapy was reappraised by the dye method and the radiation field was reappraised on the basis of preoperative CT.

[Problems in the treatment of small cell lung cancer from the standpoint of the cause of death].

Fifty patients with small cell lung cancer were treated by radiotherapy mainly with maintenance chemotherapy. Relative survival for all cases combined was 34.6% for one year, 5.

[Effects of PS-K as adjuvant therapy for primary lung cancer--an autopsy case].

A 57-year-old woman underwent left lower lobectomy for primary lung cancer (papillary adenocarcinoma, T2NOMO). Despite postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy with 5-Fu, Carboquone and PS-K, bone metastases were recognized at 9 months after the surgery. She received radiation therapy and was administered PS-K alone, 3.