Effect of Seed Hydropriming on the Elongation of Plumule and Radicle During the Germination Process and Changes in Enzyme Activity Under Water-Deficient Conditions.

Hydropriming rice seeds effectively improve the germination percentage, shortens the germination period, and promotes seedling growth. The impact of seed hydropriming is to speed up growth under dry soil conditions, thereby avoiding drought damage. This study analyzes the effect of hydropriming on morpho-physiological changes in the water uptake of rice seeds using "Kasalath" and "Nipponbare" under water-deficit conditions.

Halopriming in the submergence-tolerant rice variety improved the resilience to salinity and combined salinity-submergence at the seedling stage.

The role of halopriming in alleviating the detrimental effects of salinity and combined salinity-submergence was evaluated using two rice genotypes, "IR06F148" (anaerobic germination + submergence tolerant [Sub1]) and "Salt-star" (salt tolerant) with contrasting levels of tolerance. Nonprimed seeds and those primed with 1% calcium chloride (CaCl) were germinated, and the seedlings were exposed to salinity (50 or 100 mM sodium chloride [NaCl]) and submergence (nonsaline or saline water). Salinity substantially inhibited plant height, shoot/root dry mass, and leaf area.

Improvement of Nutrient Uptake, Yield of Black Sesame ( L.), and Alluvial Soil Fertility in Dyke by Spent Rice Straw from Mushroom Cultivation as Biofertilizer Containing Potent Strains of .

The aim of the current research was to evaluate the effects of members of purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSB), strains of VNW02, TLS06, VNW64, and VNS89, mixed with spent rice straw (SRS) from mushroom cultivation as a carrier on promoting sesame growth and yield, and ameliorating the alluvial soil (AS) fertility in dykes. A 4 × 3 factorial experiment consisting of different levels of the solid PNSB biofertilizer mixture at 0, 3, 4, and 5 t·ha (0, 1.81 × 10, 2.

Different survival strategies involve carbon translocation rather than de novo C assimilation under complete submergence in rice plant.

This study investigated the effect of transient submergence on the recovery of photosynthetic activity and translocation of photosynthate in IR67520 (Sub1A genotype) and IR72442 (non-Sub1A genotype) using C-labeled tracer, coupled with some photosynthetic physiological assessments. Plant growth, photosynthetic capacity, and photosynthetic recovery were studied by treating the two rice genotypes without or completely submerged for 7 days in transparent acrylic tanks filled with water to a depth of 80 cm, followed by 7 days of reaeration. Results revealed that the IR67520 was able to obtain new carbon source for assimilation during at 7 days of recovery periods.

Combinational Variation Temperature and Soil Water Response of Stomata and Biomass Production in Maize, Millet, Sorghum and Rice.

Environmental responses of stomatal conductance () as basic information for a photosynthesis-transpiration-coupled model have been increasing under global warming. This study identified the impact of behavior under different soil water statuses and temperatures in rice, maize, millet, and sorghum. The experiments consisted of various soil moisture statuses from flooding to drying and combination of soil moisture status and temperature.

Genetic Diversity of Hydro Priming Effects on Rice Seed Emergence and Subsequent Growth under Different Moisture Conditions.

Seed priming refers to seed enhancement methods that stimulate seed metabolism. This study evaluated the genetic diversity of hydro priming efficacy in 27 different genotypes of rice under dry to wet soil moisture conditions. The genotypes included 21 genotypes of , five genotypes of , and one genotype of NERICA (New Rice for Africa).

High-resolution mapping and characterization of , a resistance gene against multiple pv. races in rice ( L.).

Improvement of resistance against rice bacterial blight (BB) disease is an important breeding strategy in breeding programs across the world, especially in Africa and southern Asia where BB is more prevalent. This report describes a high-resolution map and characterization of at locus, a rice BB resistance gene in XM14, a mutant line originating from IR24. The candidate gene region was narrowed down from 582 kb, which had been obtained in our previous study, to 57 kb.

Identification and linkage analysis of a new rice bacterial blight resistance gene from XM14, a mutant line from IR24.

Bacterial blight caused by pv. () is a chief factor limiting rice productivity worldwide. XM14, a rice mutant line resistant to , has been obtained by treating IR24, which is susceptible to six Philippine races and six Japanese races, with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea.

Morphological and physiological responses of rice seedlings to complete submergence (flash flooding).

Background And Aims: Reducing damage to rice seedlings caused by flash flooding will improve the productivity of rainfed lowland rice in West Africa. Accordingly, the morphological and physiological responses of different forms of rice to complete submergence were examined in field and pot experiments to identify primary causes of damage.

Methods: To characterize the physiological responses, seedlings from a wide genetic base including Oryza sativa, O.

Contrasting physiological responses by cultivars of Oryza sativa and O. glaberrima to prolonged submergence.

Background And Aims: Oryza glaberrima is widely grown in flood-prone areas of African river basins and is subject to prolonged periods of annual submergence. The effects of submergence on shoot elongation, shoot biomass, leaf area and CO(2) uptake were studied and compared with those of O. sativa.