Routine malaria vaccination in Africa: a step toward malaria eradication?

Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, with nearly half of the world's population at risk of infection. In 2022 alone, malaria claimed approximately 608,000 lives, with 76% of these fatalities occurring in children under the age of five, underscoring the disease's disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations. Africa bears the highest burden, accounting for 94% of global malaria cases.

Acute effects of myofascial release technique on flexibility and pain: Outcome for chronic low back pain.

Background: Myofascial release technique (MFR) is frequently used in the treatment of patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP), but there are limited studies on the acute effects of this technique. It was aimed to determine the acute effect of MFR technique on pain and flexibility in CLBP.

Methods: Forty CLBP patients (19 female; 21 male) with an average age of 40 years were randomized as MFR technique and classical massage groups.

Boswellia serrata Powder Regimen Provides Significant Protection Against Renal Damage and Blood Imbalances in Diabetic Rats.

Diabetic kidney disease affects approximately one-third of diabetes patients. Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress contribute to this condition. Boswellia serrata gum resin is known for its antioxidant properties and potential in managing diabetic complications, though its nephroprotective effects are not well documented.

Impact of probiotic Bacillus sp. dietary supplementation on pancreatic and intestinal activities in seabream Sparus aurata.

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of commercial probiotic Bacillus sp. supplementation on seabream Sparus aurata larviculture under culture conditions. In this context, Bacillus was supplemented via rotifer feeding and water and its effects on pancreatic and intestinal enzyme activities as well as aquaculture parameters were evaluated during early life development.

Phenolic Profiling, In Vitro Antiglycation, Antioxidant Activities, and Antidiabetic Effect of Algerian Trigonella Foenum-Graecum L. in Rats Administered a β-Cell Toxicant.

This study sought to quantitatively assess individual and total polyphenols, mineral composition, antioxidant and antiglycation activities of Algerian fenugreek seeds (AFS) as well as the antidiabetic effect of its supplementation on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Forty rats were divided into four groups (i) non diabetic rats, (ii) non diabetic rats +10 % AFS, (iii) diabetic rats, (iv) diabetic rats +10 % AFS. Flame-SAA analysis revealed a rich content in micro-elements, HPLC DAD-FLD analysis revealed twenty components with rutin and ferulic acid being the major compounds in AFS hydro-methanolic extract while spectrophotometric assays scrutinized moderate contents in total phenolics and flavonoids.

Maintenance of heritage culture, internalized racism, and family conflict on self-esteem among Asian Americans.

Lui (2015) suggested that intergenerational family conflict can arise between immigrant children and parents due to differences in mainstream U.S. culture and traditional heritage culture.

A case of Fanconi syndrome that developed following a year of consumption of a red yeast rice supplement.

Although some dietary supplements have been reported to cause renal dysfunction, there have been few reports of supplement-induced Fanconi syndrome. We present the case of a 56-year-old woman with Fanconi syndrome that developed after she consumed a red yeast rice supplement. She was referred to our hospital because of renal dysfunction, and was found to have electrolyte abnormalities, including hypophosphatemia and hypouricemia, renal diabetes, and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, and was, therefore, diagnosed with Fanconi syndrome.

Favorable changes in the eGFR slope after dapagliflozin treatment and its association with the initial dip.

Background: Renoprotective effects of sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, including dapagliflozin, were observed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The suspected underlying mechanism is a correction of hyperfiltration, observed as an "initial dip". Whether SGLT2 inhibitors can attenuate the rate of decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in clinical settings, even when considering the pre-treatment decline rate, is unknown.

Multiplexed in situ protein imaging using DNA-barcoded antibodies with extended hybridization chain reactions.

Antibodies have long served as vital tools in biological and clinical laboratories for the specific detection of proteins. Conventional methods employ fluorophore or horseradish peroxidase-conjugated antibodies to detect signals. More recently, DNA-conjugated antibodies have emerged as a promising technology, capitalizing on the programmability and amplification capabilities of DNA to enable highly multiplexed and ultrasensitive protein detection.

Psychological Distress and Quality of Life among Head and Neck Cancer Patients after 3- and 6-Months Post-Treatment-A Hospital-Based Study.

Introduction: Cancers affecting the parts of the head and neck significantly impact patients. Among head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, the visible signs and symptoms of the disease or the side effects of treatment modalities can cause various degrees of functional impairment such as mastication, swallowing, communication, and disfigurement.

Objective: To assess psychological distress and quality of life in head and neck cancer patients after 3 and 6 months' post-treatment.

Considerations, barriers and enablers of deprescribing among healthcare professionals in Ogun State, Southwest, Nigeria: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Deprescribing is a clinical intervention aimed at managing polypharmacy and improving older adults' health outcomes. However, evidence suggests that healthcare professionals (HCPs) may face challenges in implementing the intervention. This study aimed to explore the considerations, barriers and enablers of deprescribing among HCPs in Southwest Nigeria.

Molecular robotic agents that survey molecular landscapes for information retrieval.

DNA-based artificial motors have allowed the recapitulation of biological functions and the creation of new features. Here, we present a molecular robotic system that surveys molecular environments and reports spatial information in an autonomous and repeated manner. A group of molecular agents, termed 'crawlers', roam around and copy information from DNA-labeled targets, generating records that reflect their trajectories.

Yin Yang 1 regulates cohesin complex protein SMC3 in mouse hematopoietic stem cells.

Yin Yang 1 (YY1) and structural maintenance of chromosomes 3 (SMC3) are 2 critical chromatin structural factors that mediate long-distance enhancer-promoter interactions and promote developmentally regulated changes in chromatin architecture in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Although YY1 has critical functions in promoting hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and maintaining HSC quiescence, SMC3 is required for proper myeloid lineage differentiation. However, many questions remain unanswered regarding how YY1 and SMC3 interact with each other and affect hematopoiesis.

ATP2B1 gene polymorphisms associated with resistant hypertension in the Japanese population.

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of ATP2B1 gene are associated with essential hypertension but their association with resistant hypertension (RHT) remains unexplored. The authors examined the relationship between ATP2B1 SNPs and RHT by genotyping 12 SNPs in ATP2B1 gene of 1124 Japanese individuals with lifestyle-related diseases. Patients with RHT had inadequate blood pressure (BP) control using three antihypertensive drugs or used ≥4 antihypertensive drugs.

A perspective on FAIR quality control in multiplexed imaging data processing.

Multiplexed imaging approaches are getting increasingly adopted for imaging of large tissue areas, yielding big imaging datasets both in terms of the number of samples and the size of image data per sample. The processing and analysis of these datasets is complex owing to frequent technical artifacts and heterogeneous profiles from a high number of stained targets To streamline the analysis of multiplexed images, automated pipelines making use of state-of-the-art algorithms have been developed. In these pipelines, the output quality of one processing step is typically dependent on the output of the previous step and errors from each step, even when they appear minor, can propagate and confound the results.

Respiratory function and respiratory muscle strength in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: It was aimed to analyze the relationship of the respiratory functions, respiratory muscle strength, magnitude of the curvature, angle of trunk rotation (ATR) and brace-wearing duration in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods: Sixty patients with AIS (43 females), with maximum Cobb angles between 20° and 66° were included in the study. ATR values were measured with a scoliometer.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids Reduce Remnant-like Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Improve the Ankle-Brachial Index of Hemodialysis Patients with Dyslipidemia: A Pilot Study.

Omega-3 fatty acids have potent lipid-lowering and antiplatelet effects; however, randomized controlled trials have yet to examine the effect of high-dose omega-3 fatty acid administration on peripheral artery disease (PAD) in hemodialysis patients with dyslipidemia. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the ankle-brachial index (ABI) and remnant-like lipoprotein cholesterol (RLP-C) levels, which are indicators of PAD severity. Thirty-eight participants (mean age: 73.

Neurobehavioral deficits, histoarchitectural alterations, parvalbumin neuronal damage and glial activation in the brain of male Wistar rat exposed to Landfill leachate.

Concerns about inappropriate disposal of waste into unsanitary municipal solid waste landfills around the world have been on the increase, and this poses a public health challenge due to leachate production. The neurotoxic effect of Gwagwalada landfill leachate (GLL) was investigated in male adult Wistar rats. Rats were exposed to a 10% concentration of GLL for 21 days.

Thermal-plex: fluidic-free, rapid sequential multiplexed imaging with DNA-encoded thermal channels.

Multiplexed fluorescence imaging is typically limited to three- to five-plex on standard setups. Sequential imaging methods based on iterative labeling and imaging enable practical higher multiplexing, but generally require a complex fluidic setup with several rounds of slow buffer exchange (tens of minutes to an hour for each exchange step). We report the thermal-plex method, which removes complex and slow buffer exchange steps and provides fluidic-free, rapid sequential imaging.

Effectiveness of rescue Me CPR! smartphone app providing real-time guidance to untrained bystanders performing CPR.

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a persistent global health challenge, owing, in part, to low rates of population CPR training. Smartphone applications have the potential to widely disseminate CPR basic training to a populace, but other studies have found multiple limitations in previously developed CPR guidance applications (CPR-GA). This study aims to use medical simulation to assess the relative CPR performance of novices using the 'Rescue Me CPR!' (RMC) app, a custom CPR-GA designed by this research team, to novices using 'PG-CPR!' (PGC), the most downloaded CPR-GA available in the USA, and to CPR certified medical personnel.

Enablers and challenges of spatial omics, a melting pot of technologies.

Spatial omics has emerged as a rapidly growing and fruitful field with hundreds of publications presenting novel methods for obtaining spatially resolved information for any omics data type on spatial scales ranging from subcellular to organismal. From a technology development perspective, spatial omics is a highly interdisciplinary field that integrates imaging and omics, spatial and molecular analyses, sequencing and mass spectrometry, and image analysis and bioinformatics. The emergence of this field has not only opened a window into spatial biology, but also created multiple novel opportunities, questions, and challenges for method developers.

Bullying Victimization and Associations With Substance Use Among US Middle School Students: 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey.

Background: Research shows associations between bullying victimization and substance use for teens. However, more research about this relationship for younger adolescents and across race/ethnicity is needed.

Methods: Prevalence and pooled logistic regression analyses of 2019 Middle School Youth Risk Behavior Survey data from 13 states (N = 74,059 students) examined associations between self-reported bulling victimization (at school, electronically, and both) and having ever tried cigarette smoking, alcohol, or marijuana; used an electronic vapor product; or misused prescription pain medicine.