CPAP Versus NIPPV Postextubation in Preterm Neonates: A Comparative-Effectiveness Study.

Background And Objectives: Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) has been shown to be superior to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) postextubation in preterm neonates. However, studies have not permitted high CPAP pressures or rescue with other modes. We hypothesized that if CPAP pressures >8 cmH2O and rescue with other modes were permitted, CPAP would be noninferior to NIPPV.

Hyperbilirubinemia Among Infants Born Preterm: Peak Levels and Association with Neurodevelopmental Outcomes.

Objective: To describe the distribution of peak bilirubin levels among infants born before 29 weeks of gestation in the first 14 days of life and to study the association between quartiles of peak bilirubin levels at different gestational ages and neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Study Design: Multicenter, retrospective, nationwide cohort study of neonatal intensive care units in the Canadian Neonatal Network and Canadian Neonatal Follow-Up Network, including neonates born preterm at 22 to 28 weeks of gestation born between 2010 and 2018. Peak bilirubin levels were recorded during the first 14 days of age.

Rates and Determinants of Home Nasogastric Tube Feeding in Infants Born Very Preterm.

Objective: To examine rates and determinants of home nasogastric (NG)-tube feeding at hospital discharge in a cohort of very preterm infants within the Canadian Neonatal Network (CNN).

Study Design: This was a population-based cohort study of infants born <33 weeks of gestation and admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) participating in the CNN between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018. We excluded infants who had major congenital anomalies, required gastrostomy-tube, or were discharged to non-CNN facilities.

Lifetime patient outcomes and healthcare utilization for Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and extreme preterm infants: a microsimulation study.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is among the most severe chronic lung diseases and predominantly affects premature infants. There is a general understanding of BPD's significant impact on the short-term outcomes however there is little evidence on long-term outcomes. Our study estimates the lifetime clinical outcomes, quality of life, and healthcare costs of BPD and associated complications.

Are all stem cells equal? Systematic review, evidence map, and meta-analyses of preclinical stem cell-based therapies for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Regenerative stem cell-based therapies for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the most common preterm birth complication, demonstrate promise in animals. Failure to objectively appraise available preclinical data and identify knowledge gaps could jeopardize clinical translation. We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of preclinical studies testing cell-based therapies in experimental neonatal lung injury.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies.

Extreme prematurity is the leading cause of death among children under 5 years of age. Currently, there is no treatment for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the most common complication of extreme prematurity. Experimental studies in animal models of BPD suggest that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are lung protective.