Toll-like receptor 6 expression, sequence variants, and their association with colorectal cancer risk.

This is the first study to examine the potential correlation of the rs3796508 and rs5743810 SNPs of the TLR6 gene in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) in a subset of the Saudi population. TLR6 gene expression was studied by real-time PCR assaysin 10 matching normal and cancer colon tissues. TLR6 expression at the protein level was determined by immunohistochemistry.

The 'use-by date' for lithium-ion battery components.

Lithium-ion battery (LIB) manufacturing is based around the slurry tape casting of electrodes followed by the assembly of the dried electrodes into cells with a separator and electrolyte. Many aspects of the manufacturing process can affect the performance of a lithium-ion cell. One of the least understood aspects in academia is the effect of degradation of the materials during the manufacturing processes or the 'shelf-life' of the materials and components.

Glucocrinology of Modern Sulfonylureas: Clinical Evidence and Practice-Based Opinion from an International Expert Group.

Aim: The primary objective of this document is to develop practice-based expert group opinion on certain important but less discussed endocrine and metabolic effects of modern sulfonylureas (SUs) and their usage in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Background: Modern SUs may be considered a panacea in DM care with their beneficial extra-pancreatic, pleiotropic, and cardiovascular effects. Safe glycemic control with SUs could be achieved with appropriate patient selection, drug and dosage selection, and patient empowerment.

Intramuscular versus oral diclofenac for acute pain in adults with acute musculoskeletal injuries presenting to the ED setting: a prospective, double-blind, double-dummy, randomised controlled trial.

Objective: The current study aimed to ascertain differences in early postmedication pain reduction in participants presenting with acute musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) to the ED receiving intramuscular (IM) versus per oral (PO) diclofenac.

Methods: This was a prospective, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial conducted between January and June 2018 at the ED of Hamad General Hospital in Doha, Qatar. Adults (18-65 years of age) presenting to the ED within 24 hours of an acute MSI, who had a triage pain score measured using numerical rating scale of at least five or above were enrolled in this trial.

Multi-Compartment Profiling of Bacterial and Host Metabolites Identifies Intestinal Dysbiosis and Its Functional Consequences in the Critically Ill Child.

Objectives: Adverse physiology and antibiotic exposure devastate the intestinal microbiome in critical illness. Time and cost implications limit the immediate clinical potential of microbial sequencing to identify or treat intestinal dysbiosis. Here, we examined whether metabolic profiling is a feasible method of monitoring intestinal dysbiosis in critically ill children.

AxSpA patients who also meet criteria for fibromyalgia: identifying distinct patient clusters using data from a UK national register (BSRBR-AS).

Background: Around 1 in 8 patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) also meet criteria for fibromyalgia and such patients have considerable unmet need. Identifying effective therapy is important but to what extent fibromyalgia-like symptoms relate to axSpA disease severity has not been established. The aim of the current analysis was to determine whether distinct clusters of axSpA patients exist and if so to determine a) whether they differ in terms of prevalence of fibromyalgia and b) the features of patients in clusters with high prevalence.

Solubilization of Carbamazepine in TPGS Micelles: Effect of Temperature and Electrolyte Addition.

D-α-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), a polyethylene glycol condensate, is a biologically important nonionic amphiphile. In this study, we report on aqueous solution behavior of TPGS with a focus on its clouding, surface activity, micellar characteristics, and solubilization capacity for a model hydrophobic drug, carbamazepine (CBZ). Micelles were characterized by dynamic light and small-angle neutron scattering studies as a function of temperature, salt addition, and CBZ solubilization.

BE-SMART (Basal Early Strategies to Maximize HbA1c Reduction with Oral Therapy): Expert Opinion.

The past three decades have seen a quadruple rise in the number of people affected by diabetes mellitus worldwide, with the disease being the ninth major cause of mortality. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often remains undiagnosed for several years due to its asymptomatic nature during the initial stages. In India, 70% of diagnosed diabetes cases remain uncontrolled.

Pro-Angiogenic Actions of CMC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Rely on Selective Packaging of Angiopoietin 1 and 2, but Not FGF-2 and VEGF.

While the fundamental mechanism by which cardiac cell therapy mitigates ventricular dysfunction in the post ischemic heart remains poorly defined, donor cell paracrine signaling is presumed to be a chief contributor to the afforded benefits. Of the many bioactive molecules secreted by transplanted cells, extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their proteinaceous, nucleic acid, and lipid rich contents, comprise a heterogeneous assortment of prospective cardiotrophic factors-whose involvement in the activation of endogenous cardiac repair mechanism(s), including reducing fibrosis and promoting angiogenesis, have yet to be fully explained. In the current study we aimed to interrogate potential mechanisms by which cardiac mesenchymal stromal cell (CMC)-derived EVs contribute to the CMC pro-angiogenic paracrine signaling capacity in vitro.

Emission-Color Control in Polymer Films by Memorized Fluorescence Solvatochromism in a New Class of Totally Organic Fluorescent Nanogel Particles.

In this work, a new class of totally organic fluorescent nanogel particles and their exceptionally specific behaviors based on their unique structures are introduced, which draws a sharp line from conventional fluorophore-doped and fluorophore-branched-type particles. The nanogel particles, the diameter of which could be controlled by adjusting reaction conditions, such as the solvent system, were spontaneously fabricated with a spherical shape by direct polymerization of non-heterocyclic aromatic compounds, such as 2,6-dihydroxyanthracene, 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, and 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene with triazinane as the cross-linker. A fluorophoric moiety formed from a polymer main chain was realized in the particle, and consequently, the resultant content of the fluorophoric moiety was around 70-80 wt % per particle.

In-Hospital outcomes in acute coronary syndrome patients with concomitant severe chronic kidney disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objective: To determine in-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in acute coronary syndrome (AMI) patients with underlying severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from June'2013-December'2017 at Tabba Heart Institute, Karachi. Data was drawn from institutes' database modeled after US National Cardiovascular data CathPCI registry.

Evaluation of Post Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) Patients: A Cross Sectional Study.

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is related with significant morbidity and also mortality. Little is known about the long term outcome of GBS patients who survived. The objective of this study is to determine the lasting outcome and consequences of GBS patients.

Frequency of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Surgical Hospitalized Patients.

Background Patients hospitalized for surgeries and those with chronic remitting health conditions develop hospital-induced anxiety and depression. Unfamiliar hospital environment, insufficient privacy, exposure to strange instruments, financial concerns, disease stress, and prolonged hospital stay contribute to this anxiety. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of depression and anxiety in surgical patients.

Knowledge, attitude, and believes of epilepsy in local communities of Saudi Arabia.

Aim Of The Study: To assess public knowledge, attitude, and believes toward the epilepsy among local community populations in Shaqra Area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: An organized 14 questionnaire was prepared to analyze public knowledge attitudes and believes about epilepsy. Study was conducted randomly in common public places in Shaqra City, Saudi Arabia, during the months of April and May 2016.

Prevalence of non-acute ischaemic cardiomyopathy in a Pakistani cohort.

Unlabelled: Heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a frequently encountered clinical scenario. Coronary angiography (CAG) is usually performed to assess obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease (CAD) and the resultant ischaemia as causes of HFrEF.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of obstructive CAD (OCAD) in patients with HFrEF and its independent predictors and outcomes.

Euthymia in Diabetes: Clinical Evidence and Practice-Based Opinion from an International Expert Group.

Aim: To develop an evidence-based expert group opinion on various types of euthymia associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and its management.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterized by diverse biomedical and psychosocial features. Emotional health disturbances may lead to psychological and psychiatric dysfunction and may negatively influence glycemic control.

Prevalence and risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease among Shaqra University students, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common chronic gastrointestinal disorders in adults, it develops when the stomach contents reflux and rise up into the esophagus as a result from lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction. Stomach acid that touches the lining of the esophagus causes symptoms and complications. The classical symptoms of GERD include heartburn, usually after eating, chest pain, and regurgitation.

Full-length human surfactant protein A inhibits influenza A virus infection of A549 lung epithelial cells: A recombinant form containing neck and lectin domains promotes infectivity.

Hydrophilic lung surfactant proteins have emerged as key immunomodulators which are potent at the recognition and clearance of pulmonary pathogens. Surfactant protein A (SP-A) is a surfactant-associated innate immune molecule, which is known to interact with a variety of pathogens, and display anti-microbial effects. SP-A, being a carbohydrate pattern recognition molecule, has a wide range of innate immune functions against respiratory pathogens, including influenza A virus (IAV).

Helicopter Emergency Medical Services Literature 1972-2017: Characteristics and Trends.

Since its inception in the latter part of the 20th century, the rapid expansion of helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) has been accompanied by remarkable growth in the relevant evidence base. There are many review articles describing lessons contained within the various arenas of HEMS literature, but there is little or no characterization of the numbers and types of publications comprising the HEMS-related evidence base. This study analyzed all indexed publications mentioning HEMS (with abstract included) in the United States National Library of Medicine's PubMed collection.

Incidence, clinical distribution, and patient characteristics of childhood cancer in Saudi Arabia: A population-based analysis.

Purpose: Information regarding the incidence and patterns of childhood malignancies is disproportionately overrepresented by high-income countries, representing mainly the Caucasian population. There is a need to evaluate and disseminate information for other ethnicities, particularly from the Middle East.

Methods: Data from the National Cancer Registry, Saudi Arabia (SA-NCR), for pediatric patients (age 0-14 years) diagnosed between 2005 and 2009 and for similar patients at our institution during the same period were analyzed.

Along-axon diameter variation and axonal orientation dispersion revealed with 3D electron microscopy: implications for quantifying brain white matter microstructure with histology and diffusion MRI.

Tissue microstructure modeling of diffusion MRI signal is an active research area striving to bridge the gap between macroscopic MRI resolution and cellular-level tissue architecture. Such modeling in neuronal tissue relies on a number of assumptions about the microstructural features of axonal fiber bundles, such as the axonal shape (e.g.

The puzzle of highly virulent Metarhizium anisopliae strains from Annona squamosa fields against Helicoverpa armigera.

In our search for indigenous virulent strains of the entomopathogenic fungi, we observed that Metarhizium isolates from soils associated with Annona squamosa (custard apple) have higher virulence (>90% mortality of Helicoverpa armigera larvae at 1/10 spore concentration) than strains isolated from Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) fields. Proteomic analysis revealed two insecticidal cyclopeptides of A. squamosa origin in the M.

Frequency and Predictors of Erectile Dysfunction in Bangladeshi Men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Experience from a Tertiary Center.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. But it is frequently under diagnosed and may result in poor quality of life. Previous studies have shown a high frequency of ED in diabetic men.

Feasibility and Acceptability of Methods to Collect Follow-Up Information From Parents 12 Months After Their Child's Emergency Admission to Pediatric Intensive Care.

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of different methods of collecting follow-up data from parents 12 months after their child's emergency admission to a PICU.

Design: Mixed-methods explanatory sequential design.

Setting: One regional PICU transport service and three PICUs in England.