A simple active fluid model unites cytokinesis, cell crawling, and axonal outgrowth.

While the structural organization and molecular biology of neurons are well characterized, the physical process of axonal elongation remains elusive. The classic view posited elongation occurs through the deposition of cytoskeletal elements in the growth cone at the tip of a stationary array of microtubules. Yet, recent studies reveal axonal microtubules and docked organelles flow forward in bulk in the elongating axons of , chick sensory, rat hippocampal, and neurons.

A simple active fluid model unites cytokinesis, cell crawling, and axonal outgrowth.

Axonal outgrowth, cell crawling, and cytokinesis utilize actomyosin, microtubule-based motors, cytoskeletal dynamics, and substrate adhesions to produce traction forces and bulk cellular motion. While it has long been appreciated that growth cones resemble crawling cells and that the mechanisms that drive cytokinesis help power cell crawling, they are typically viewed as unique processes. To better understand the relationship between these modes of motility, here, we developed a unified active fluid model of cytokinesis, amoeboid migration, mesenchymal migration, neuronal migration, and axonal outgrowth in terms of cytoskeletal flow, adhesions, viscosity, and force generation.

Mobile Stroke Unit in the UK Healthcare System: Avoidance of Unnecessary Accident and Emergency Admissions.

Background: Acute stroke patients are usually transported to the nearest hospital regardless of their required level of care. This can lead to increased pressure on emergency departments and treatment delay.

Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the benefit of a mobile stroke unit (MSU) in the UK National Health Service (NHS) for reduction of hospital admissions.