Techno-economic assessment of different small-scale electrochemical NH production plants.

Electrochemical ammonia synthesis the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) has been poised as one of the promising technologies for the sustainable production of green ammonia. In this work, we developed extensive process models of fully integrated electrochemical NH production plants at small scale (91 tonnes per day), including their techno-economic assessments, for (Li-)mediated, direct and indirect NRR pathways at ambient and elevated temperatures, which were compared with electrified and steam-methane reforming (SMR) Haber-Bosch processes. The levelized cost of ammonia (LCOA) of aqueous NRR at ambient conditions only becomes comparable with SMR Haber-Bosch at very optimistic electrolyzer performance parameters (FE > 80% at ≥ 0.

Hybrid and haplotype-resolved genome assembly of Vechur cattle - elucidating genetic variation.

Cattle contribute to the nutritional needs and economy of a place. The performance and fitness of cattle depend on the response and adaptation to local climatic conditions. Genomic and genetic studies are important for advancing cattle breeding, and availability of relevant reference genomes is essential.

Clinical Response and Safety of Angiotensin Receptor and Neprilysin Inhibitor Combination in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease and Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction.

Background: Though the combination of an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and a neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi) has been shown to be useful in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), its use has mostly been restricted to chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >30 mL/minute/1.73 m2 . We studied the role of ARNi in advanced CKD.

Computational analysis of natural product B-Raf inhibitors.

B-Raf protein is a serine-threonine kinase and an important signal transduction molecule of the MAPK signaling pathway that mediates signals from RAS to MEK, ultimately promoting various essential cellular functions. The B-Raf kinase domain is divided into two subdomains: a small N-terminal lobe and a large C-terminal lobe, with a deep catalytic cleft between them. The N-terminal lobe contains a phosphate-binding loop (P-loop) and nucleotide-binding pocket, while the C-terminal lobe binds the protein substrates and contains the catalytic loop.

Clinical Response and Pattern of B cell Suppression with Single Low Dose Rituximab in Nephrology.

Background: There is no consensus regarding dose and frequency of rituximab in nephrology with extrapolation of doses used in treating lymphoproliferative disorders. There are no guidelines on targeting initial and subsequent doses on the basis of CD19 B cells.

Methods: Initially, 100 mg rituximab was given to 42 adults with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) and frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS), idiopathic membranous nephropathy (MN), and high-immunologic-risk kidney transplantation.

Prediction model for successful radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula creation in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the most appropriate vascular access for all chronic kidney disease patients for hemodialysis. However, patients with diabetic nephropathy are at increased risk for primary failure after AVF creation, mainly due to atherosclerosis and calcification of blood vessels. We conducted this study to find out the risk factors for primary failure of radiocephalic AVF in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients due to diabetic nephropathy and develop a risk predicting model.

Impact of energetic neutral nitrogen atoms created by glow discharge air plasma on the physico-chemical and rheological properties of kithul starch.

The changes in physico-chemical and rheological properties of kithul starch by the impact of energetic neutral nitrogen atoms produced by the glow discharge air plasma with novel technique were analysed. Here, treatment was carried out at different power levels (5 W & 15 W) and treatment time (30 min & 60 min). Decrease in amylose and moisture content and increase in swelling index and solubility of plasma treated kithul starch were observed.

Lactate levels and risk of lactic acidosis with metformin in diabetic kidney disease patients.

Metformin as an oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) is not recommended in renal failure due to the presumed risk of lactic acidosis though it has advantages in cardiovascular protection with a low risk of hypoglycemia. Few studies have measured lactic acid blood levels in patients with diabetic kidney disease on metformin and demonstrated lactic acidosis. The aim of our study is to see if patients with diabetic kidney disease are at risk of elevated lactate blood levels and lactic acidosis.

"Why not psychiatry??" Interns of a medical college in Northern Kerala responds.

Purpose: This study is to assess the attitude of the medical interns toward psychiatry, psychiatrists and patients with mental health problems.

Materials And Methods: A personal data sheet and the Balon et al. questionnaire was used to assess the attitude among medical interns (n = 44) of a medical college in Northern Kerala.

Acute Oxalate Nephropathy following Ingestion of Averrhoa bilimbi Juice.

Plant toxins are known to cause acute kidney injury in tropical countries. We report two cases of acute kidney injury with tubular oxalate deposition following ingestion of Averrhoa bilimbi fruit juice. Both patients had complete renal recovery though one required dialytic support.

Solid-state characterization studies and effect of PEG 20000 and P90G on particle size reduction and stability of complexed glimepiride nanocrystals.

Objective: The objective of the present study is to formulate and characterize the properties of complexed glimepiride nanocrystals (GLP) by various techniques at different stages of its development, and to study the effect of PEG 20000 and P90G on particle size reduction and stability of nanocrystals.

Method: Precipitated (GLP-PEG) and complexed NCs (GLP-PEG-P90G) of glimepiride were characterized for particle size, size distribution, zeta potential and stability assessment using photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). The crystallinity was analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction spectroscopy (XRPD).

Development and characterization of lecithin stabilized glibenclamide nanocrystals for enhanced solubility and drug delivery.

Novel LNCs (lipid nanocrystals) were developed with an aim to improve the solubility, stability and targeting efficiency of the model drug glibenclamide (GLB). PEG 20000, Tween 80 and soybean lecithin were used as polymer, surfactant and complexing agent, respectively. GLB nanocrystals (NCs) were prepared by precipitation process and complexed using hot and cold melt technique.

A case of Goodpasture's syndrome complicating pregnancy with dialysis requiring renal failure responding to plasmapheresis and termination of pregnancy.

Goodpasture's syndrome complicating pregnancy is extremely rare and dialysis requiring anti GBM disease with renal recovery is uncommon. We report a case of a 23-year-old primi gravida who presented with Goodpasture's syndrome during thirteenth week of pregnancy. She was initiated on steroids and cytotoxic drugs along with intensive plasma exchange and alternate day hemodialysis.

Comparing continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration and peritoneal dialysis in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: a pilot study.

Background: There are few reports on the role of peritoneal dialysis in critically ill patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapies.

Methods: Patients with acute kidney injury and multi-organ involvement were randomly allotted to continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration(CVVHDF, group A) or to continuous peritoneal dialysis (CPD, group B). Cause and severity of renal failure were assessed at the time of initiating dialysis.