ToTE: A global database on trees of the treeline ecotone.

Globally, treelines form a transition zone between tree-dominated forest downslope and treeless alpine vegetation upslope. Treelines represent the highest boundary of "tree" life form in high-elevation mountains and at high latitudes. Recently, treelines have been shifting upslope in response to climate warming, so it has become important to understand global tree diversity and treeline distributions.

Cushions serve as conservation refuges for the Himalayan alpine plant diversity: Implications for nature-based environmental management.

Globally, rapid climate and land-use changes in alpine environments are posing severe risks to their bountiful biodiversity and ecosystem services. Currently, nature-based solutions are fast-emerging as the preferred approach to address the challenges of environmental sustainability. In alpine environments, cushion plants owing to their unique architecture and adaptability offer a potential nature-based system to plan biodiversity conservation and habitat restoration strategies.

Alien flora causes biotic homogenization in the biodiversity hotspot regions of India.

Biotic homogenization by invasive alien species is one of the dominant drivers of global environmental change. However, little is known about the patterns of biotic homogenization in global biodiversity hotspots. Here, we fill this knowledge gap by studying the patterns of biotic homogenization and associated geographic and climatic correlates in Indian Himalayan Region (IHR).

Habitat suitability, range dynamics, and threat assessment of Swertia petiolata D. Don: a Himalayan endemic medicinally important plant under climate change.

In the current era of the anthropocene, climate change is one of the main determinants of species redistribution and biodiversity loss. Worryingly, the situation is alarming for endemic and medicinally important plant species with a narrow distributional range. Therefore, it is pivotal to inspect the influence of accelerated climate change on medicinally important threatened and endemic plant species.

Controlling diabetes with the aid of medicinal herbs: a critical compilation of a decade of research.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder owing to the insulin faulty production or the resistance to the action mechanism where the accumulation of glucose is the major side effect in the body in the case of diabetes. Numerous herbs with the potential of reducing glucose production along with combating the secondary ailments associated with it but >1% out of 250,000 have been pharmacologically validated. Affordability and historical usage of these herbal remedies often result in patients' preference as primary or as adjunctive to conventional therapies.

Stripping of glidewire - A rare intraoperative complication of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is the standard procedure used to treat nephrolithiasis. Glidewires play a pivotal role in the smooth conduction of the procedure. Rough handling of glidewires and other accessories can lead to their fragmentation or stripping thus complicating the procedure.

Comparison of laparoscopic and open surgery in hepatic hydatid disease in children: Feasibility, efficacy and safety.

Background: : Surgery continues to be the mainstay of treatment of hydatid cysts of the liver. Laparoscopy provides a lesser invasive tool for achieving results same as with the established open surgical techniques. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic management of hepatic hydatid disease in children.

Influence of Canning and Storage on Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant Properties, and Bioactive Compounds of Apricot ( L.) Wholes, Halves, and Pulp.

This study aimed to examine the effect of canning and storage on physicochemical, mineral, and antioxidant properties and phenolic composition of apricot wholes, halves, and pulp. The findings for physicochemical properties revealed that the total soluble solids, titratable acidity, total sugars, and ascorbic acid were found higher in apricot pulp (37.15, 1.

New alternatives from sustainable sources to wheat in bakery foods: Science, technology, and challenges.

Ongoing research in the food industry is striving to replace wheat flour with new alternatives from sustainable sources to overcome the disease burden in the existing population. Celiac disease, wheat allergy, gluten sensitivity, or non-celiac gluten sensitivity are some common disorders associated with gluten present in wheat. These scientific findings are crucial to finding appropriate alternatives in introducing new ingredients supporting the consumer's requirements.

Differential expression of long non-coding RNAs under (PPRV) infection in goats.

(PPR) characterized by fever, sore mouth, conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, and pneumonia, is an acute, highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats. The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in PPRV infection has not been explored to date. In this study, the transcriptome profiles of virulent Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infected goat tissues - lung and spleen were analyzed to identify the role of lncRNAs in PPRV infection.

Influence of Different Types of Polysaccharide-Based Coatings on the Storage Stability of Fresh-Cut Kiwi Fruit: Assessing the Physicochemical, Antioxidant and Phytochemical Properties.

The present study focuses on studying the influence of various edible biopolymer coatings at several concentrations on physicochemical, antioxidant and lipid peroxidation activity levels of biopolymer-coated fresh-cut kiwi slices stored at room temperature (relative humidity: 90%). Kiwi slices were coated by dipping in xanthan gum (0.1, 0.

Proteome Modulation in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Ruminants Vaccinated Goats and Sheep.

In the present study, healthy goats and sheep ( = 5) that were confirmed negative for ruminants virus (PPRV) antibodies by monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA and by serum neutralization test and for PPRV antigen by s-ELISA were vaccinated with Sungri/96. A quantitative study was carried out to compare the proteome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of vaccinated goat and sheep [5 days post-vaccination (dpv) and 14 dpv] vs. unvaccinated (0 day) to divulge the alteration in protein expression following vaccination.

Systems Biology behind Immunoprotection of Both Sheep and Goats after Sungri/96 PPRV Vaccination.

Immune response is a highly coordinated cascade involving all the subsets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of PBMC subsets was done to delineate the systems biology behind immune protection of the vaccine in sheep and goats. The PBMC subsets studied were CD4, CD8, CD14, CD21, and CD335 cells from day 0 and day 5 of sheep and goats vaccinated with Sungri/96 peste des petits ruminants virus.

Bracka verses Byar's two-stage repair in proximal hypospadias associated with severe chordee: a randomized comparative study.

Introduction: Proximal hypospadias associated with severe chordee represents a major surgical challenge and the debate over its optimal treatment is ongoing. The objective of this study is to compare the outcome of two-stage Bracka and Byar's repair in proximal hypospadias.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted from January 2013 to February 2018 in a tertiary care centre.

Giant hydronephrotic kidney in adolescence- A rare case report and a review of the literature.

Giant hydronephrotic kidney is a rare form of obstructive uropathy in adolescents. We report a 19 year old girl with huge abdominal distention secondary to hydronephrotic kidney. The cystic swelling occupied whole of the abdominal cavity with other structures being compressed.

Urethral Duplication in Children: Experience of Twenty Cases.

Background And Objective: Urethral duplication is a rare congenital anomaly having multiple anatomical variants and varied presentations. Multiple surgical techniques have been described for this anomaly, and no surgical technique is ideal. The aim of this study was to present our experience of twenty cases of urethral duplication in the management of this anomaly.

Contrasting Gene Expression Profiles of Monocytes and Lymphocytes From Peste-Des-Petits-Ruminants Virus Infected Goats.

In this study, transcriptome analysis of PPRV infected PBMC subsets-T helper cells, T cytotoxic cells, monocytes, and B lymphocytes was done to delineate their role in host response. PPRV was found to infect lymphocytes and not monocytes. The established receptor for PPRV-SLAM was found downregulated in lymphocytes and non-differentially expressed in monocytes.

Genome-wide integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles to identify differentially expressed miR-22-5p and miR-27b-5p in response to classical swine fever vaccine virus.

The present study was conducted to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of crossbred pigs in response to CSF vaccination on 7 and 21 days of post vaccination as compared to unvaccinated control (0 dpv). Simultaneously, set of miRNA was predicted using mRNA seq data at same time point. The proportion of CD4CD8 and CD4CD8 increased after vaccination, and the mean percentage inhibition was 86.

Dysregulated miRNAome and Proteome of PPRV Infected Goat PBMCs Reveal a Coordinated Immune Response.

In this study, the miRNAome and proteome of virulent Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infected goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed. The identified differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were found to govern genes that modulate immune response based on the proteome data. The top 10 significantly enriched immune response processes were found to be governed by 98 genes.

Gene expression profiling of spontaneously occurring canine mammary tumours: Insight into gene networks and pathways linked to cancer pathogenesis.

Spontaneously occurring canine mammary tumours (CMTs) are the most common neoplasms of unspayed female dogs leading to thrice higher mortality rates than human breast cancer. These are also attractive models for human breast cancer studies owing to clinical and molecular similarities. Thus, they are important candidates for biomarker studies and understanding cancer pathobiology.

Selection and validation of suitable reference genes for qPCR gene expression analysis in goats and sheep under Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), lineage IV infection.

Identification of suitable candidate reference genes is an important prerequisite for validating the gene expression data obtained from downstream analysis of RNA sequencing using quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR). Though existence of a universal reference gene is myth, commonly used reference genes can be assessed for expression stability to confer their suitability to be used as candidate reference genes in gene expression studies. In this study, we evaluated the expression stability of ten most commonly used reference genes (GAPDH, ACTB, HSP90, HMBS, 18S rRNA, B2M, POLR2A, HPRT1, ACAC, YWHAZ) in fourteen different Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infected tissues of goats and sheep.

Expression kinetics of ISG15, IRF3, IFNγ, IL10, IL2 and IL4 genes vis-a-vis virus shedding, tissue tropism and antibody dynamics in PPRV vaccinated, challenged, infected sheep and goats.

Here, we studied the in vivo expression of Th1 (IL2 and IFN gamma) and Th2 (IL4 and IL10) - cytokines and antiviral molecules - IRF3 and ISG15 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in relation to antigen and antibody dynamics under Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) vaccination, infection and challenge in both sheep and goats. Vaccinated goats were seropositive by 9 days post vaccination (dpv) while in sheep idiosyncratic response was observed between 9 and 14 dpv for different animals. Expression of PPRV N gene was not detected in PBMCs of vaccinated and vaccinated challenged groups of both species, but was detected in unvaccinated infected PBMCs at 9 and 14 days post infection.

Buck's fascia repair with glanuloplasty in hypospadias surgery: A simple approach with excellent outcome.

Background: Hypospadias is a common problem encountered in surgical practice and its repair is challenging because of various complications. Urethro-cutaneous fistula is the most common postoperative complication (incidence of 0-33%). Different types of intermediate protective layers have been used in attempts to decrease UCF formation; however, no single surgical technique is ideal.