Dental Deposits Are Differentially Associated With Periodontal Conditions and the Number of Teeth in Japanese Community-Dwelling Individuals: The Nagasaki Islands Study.

Objective: This study aimed to determine how dental deposits are associated with periodontal conditions and the number of teeth in Goto Islands' residents.

Background: Previous studies have shown that dental deposits increase the risk of developing periodontal diseases. However, the relationships between dental deposits and the periodontal/dentitional conditions in a super-aging society remain unclear.

Profile of Nagasaki Islands Study (NaIS): A Population-based Prospective Cohort Study on Multi-disease.

In an aging society, it is important to visualize the conditions of people living with diseases or disabilities, such as frailty and sarcopenia, and determine the environmental and genetic factors underlying such conditions. Atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness are key conditions between these factors and noncommunicable diseases. In 2014, we launched a population-based prospective open-cohort study, the Nagasaki Islands Study (NaIS), which was conducted in Goto City, located in the remote islands of Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan, mostly involving middle-aged and older residents.

Predictive Risk Factors Associated with Severe Radiation-Induced Mucositis in Nasopharyngeal or Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Radiation-induced mucositis in head and neck cancer patients generates difficulties in eating and swallowing, and may influence treatment tolerance, compliance, and quality of life. However, predictive factors have not been studied in detail. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the association between pre-radiotherapy clinical factors and the incidence of severe radiation-induced mucositis in nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal cancer patients.

Relationship between Tongue Pressure and Salivary Bacteria in the Older Adults Requiring Long-Term Care.

Introduction: Aspiration pneumonia, an important issue for the older adults, is caused by an increase in pathogenic microorganisms in the saliva, aspiration, and weakened host immunity. Recently, decreased tongue pressure has been reported to be associated with dysphagia. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between decreased tongue pressure and the number of bacteria in the saliva of the older adults requiring long-term care.

Sacroiliac innervation.

Purpose: To investigate the innervation pattern of the sacroiliac region, especially with regard to the sacroiliac joint (SIJ). Dorsal SIJ innervation was analyzed and described. Our main hypothesis was that nerves reach the SIJ dorsally, passing ligamental compartments, as this would explain dorsal SIJ pain.

Tooth Loss and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Relation to Functional Atherosclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Structural arterial stiffness can be evaluated with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Functional arterial stiffness can be evaluated with cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). A positive association between CIMT and tooth loss has been reported, but no studies have evaluated the association between CIMT and tooth loss in relation to functional arterial stiffness (functional atherosclerosis).

Efficacy of 3% hydrogen peroxide solution in cleaning tongue coating before and after surgery: a randomized phase II study.

Background: Increased bacterial presence in the tongue coating and thereby, the saliva, may be a risk factor for postoperative complications such as surgical site infection or postoperative pneumonia after cancer surgery. However, no method for cleaning tongue coating has been established experimentally. The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of brushing with 3% hydrogen peroxide on suppression of the number of bacteria in tongue coating.

A preliminary study of suppression of candida infection by miconazole mucoadhesive tablets in oral or oropharyngeal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Elevated numbers of candida in the oral cavity often lead to oral candidiasis development in patients undergoing radiotherapy for oral or oropharyngeal cancer. This study aimed to verify the effect of miconazole mucoadhesive tablets on suppression of oral candida infection during radiotherapy. For this preliminary interventional study, miconazole mucoadhesive tablets were attached to the oral mucosa for 14 days from when grade 2 oral mucositis appeared in patients with oral or oropharyngeal cancer receiving radiotherapy, and the incidence of oral candidiasis was investigated.

Risk factors for developing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw when preserving the tooth that can be a source of infection in cancer patients receiving high-dose antiresorptive agents: a retrospective study.

Purpose: To retrospectively investigate whether apical lesion, alveolar bone loss, probing pocket depth, or local infectious symptoms were associated with the onset of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients treated with high-dose antiresorptive agents who did not undergo tooth extraction.

Methods: The study included 92 patients receiving high-dose antiresorptive agent therapy who had teeth with apical lesion ≧ 3 mm, alveolar bone loss ≧ 1/2, probing pocket depth ≧ 4 mm, or local infection symptoms such as swelling, pain, and pus discharge, but did not undergo tooth extraction. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between each variable and MRONJ onset.

Pond Assay for the Sensory Systems of : A Novel Anesthesia-Free Method Enabling Detection of Responses to Extremely Low Chemical Concentrations.

Chemotaxis in the nematode has basically been examined using conventional assay methods. Although these can be problematic, for example, in their use of anesthesia, the method has never been improved. We propose a pond assay for the sensory systems (PASS) of as a novel population-based method of behavioral analysis.

Preventive effects of betamethasone valerate ointment for radiation-induced severe oral mucositis in patients with oral or oropharyngeal cancer: protocol for a multicentre, phase II, randomised controlled trial (Bet-ROM study).

Introduction: This is a randomised, multi-centre, open-label, phase II study to evaluate the efficacy of betamethasone valerate ointment on radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing concomitant radiotherapy with cisplatin or cetuximab.

Methods And Analysis: The trial will take place at seven hospitals in Japan. Patients will be randomised (1:1) into betamethasone and control groups after the occurrence of grade 1 oral mucositis.

Risk factors for severe radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with oral cancer.

Background/purpose: Radiotherapy for head and neck cancer often causes severe oral mucositis. The purpose of this retrospective study was to further examine the risk factors for developing severe oral mucositis in patients with oral cancer undergoing radiotherapy as a compliment to a previous study performed by our group.

Materials And Methods: A total of 181 patients with oral cancer undergoing radiotherapy were enrolled in the study.

Relationship between tooth extraction and development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in cancer patients.

Tooth extraction has been avoided since it has been considered a major risk factor for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). However, MRONJ may also develop from tooth that is an infection source. This study aimed to clarify whether tooth extraction is a risk factor for the development of MRONJ in cancer patients receiving bone-modifying agents (BMAs).

Effect of Cancer Treatment on the Worsening of Periodontal Disease and Dental Caries: A Preliminary, Retrospective Study.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of cancer treatment on the worsening of dental caries and periodontal disease.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-three adult cancer patients who underwent panoramic radiography before cancer treatment and 1-2 years later were enrolled in this study. They received professional oral care, including oral hygiene instruction, scaling and root planing, professional mechanical tooth cleaning, and dental treatment or extraction of any tooth with the source of infection.

Periosteal reaction of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ): clinical significance and changes during conservative therapy.

Purpose: We previously reported that the periosteal reaction (PR) in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a poor prognostic factor in surgical cases, but it is not clear how PR changes during conservative therapy. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare computed tomography (CT) findings at the first visit and during follow-up visits in MRONJ patients subjected to conservative therapy and to investigate factors associated with the exacerbation of PR during conservative therapy.

Methods: Sixteen patients with MRONJ of the lower jaw who underwent conservative therapy and experienced a PR on CT images at the first visit and underwent CT examination again after 6 months or more were enrolled in the study.

Prevention of dental caries by regular overnight application of a low-concentration fluoride gel loaded in a custom tray in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: A preliminary study.

Background: Some studies have reported topical application of 1.0%-2.0% fluoride gel in a custom tray for 4-5 minutes every day for the prevention of radiation-related dental caries.

The Relationship between Dental Findings and Tongue Pressure: A Survey of 745 Community-Dwelling Adults and Elderly Persons in Japan.

Introduction: Reduced tongue pressure is one of the causes of dysphagia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dental findings and tongue pressure, and whether prosthetic treatment prevents reduced tongue pressure.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study.

Effects of a bioadhesive barrier-forming oral liquid on pain due to radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer: A randomized crossover, preliminary study.

Background/purpose: Bioadhesive barrier-forming oral liquid, is a recently developed medical material for the management of pain caused by oral mucositis associated with cancer radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this liquid in relieving pain resulting from radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer.

Materials And Methods: This randomized, crossover trial investigated the analgesic effects of bioadhesive barrier-forming oral liquid using dexamethasone ointment as a control.

Association between high psychological distress and poor oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) in Japanese community-dwelling people: the Nagasaki Islands Study.

Background: We investigated the association between psychological distress and oral health status/oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) in Japanese community-dwelling people.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Nagasaki Islands Study. A total of 1183 (455 men and 728 women) has been analyzed in this study.

Effect of periosteal reaction in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw on treatment outcome after surgery.

Introduction: Surgical treatment in patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is superior to conservative treatment. However, treatment outcome in patients with periosteal reaction (PR) was significantly poorer than that of those without PR. The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyze the pathophysiology and clinical significance of PR in MRONJ.

Evaluation of the efficacy of low concentration fluoride gel using custom trays to prevent radiation-related dental caries in patients with head and neck cancer: protocol for a randomised controlled phase III trial (FluCar study).

Introduction: The present study is a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase III study, to evaluate the efficacy of low concentration of fluoride gel, applied using custom trays, in preventing radiation-related dental caries in patients with head and neck cancer who have undergone or are undergoing radiotherapy.

Methods And Analysis: Patients will be randomised into fluoride and control groups (1:1 ratio). In the fluoride group, patients will wear custom trays loaded with 0.

Evaluation of endobronchial volatile sulfur compounds for rapid diagnosis of lung abscesses caused by obligate anaerobes using Oral Chroma™: A pilot study.

Endobronchial volatile sulfur compounds in patients with lung abscess or lung cancer were measured using the Oral Chroma™ gas chromatograph. High levels of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan were observed in some patients with lung abscess but not in patients with lung cancer. Measuring endobronchial volatile sulfur compounds could be useful for the rapid diagnosis of lung abscess caused by obligate anaerobes.

Oral management strategies for radiotherapy of head and neck cancer.

Radiotherapy, often with concomitant chemotherapy, has a significant role in the management of head and neck cancer, however, radiotherapy induces adverse events include oral mucositis, hyposalivation, loss of taste, dental caries, osteoradionecrosis, and trismus, all of which have an impact on patients' quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to implement oral management strategies prior to the initiation of radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer. Since 2014, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) have enumerated the "Principles of Dental Evaluation and Management (DENT-A)" in the section on head and neck cancers, however, oral management was not explained in detail.